diff --git a/primitives/primitives.sv b/primitives/primitives.sv
index 7c145a3..769dc5d 100644
--- a/primitives/primitives.sv
+++ b/primitives/primitives.sv
@@ -45,8 +45,29 @@ module mux8x1 (
     input logic[2:0] select,
     output wire out
 );
-    always_comb begin
-        out <= in[select];
+    assign out <= in[select];
+endmodule
+
+// basic 8-to-1 mux with transparent output latch
+module mux8x1latch (
+    input logic[7:0] in,
+    input logic[2:0] select,
+    input wire clock,
+    input wire nReset,
+    output reg out
+);
+    wire muxOut;
+    mux8x1 mux (in,select,muxOut);
+
+    // transparent latch -- when clock is low, output will
+    // follow the output of the mux. When clock is high,
+    // output will hold its last value.
+    always @(clock or nReset or muxOut) begin
+        if(nReset == 1'b0) begin
+            out <= 1'b0;
+        end else if(clock == 1'b0) begin
+            out <= muxOut;
+        end
     end
 endmodule
 
diff --git a/se-vga.sv b/se-vga.sv
index 3b0c830..2d87f51 100644
--- a/se-vga.sv
+++ b/se-vga.sv
@@ -33,15 +33,64 @@ logic [9:0] vCount;
 wire hActive;
 wire hSEActive;
 
-logic [7:0] vidVramData;
+//logic [7:0] vidVramData;
 logic [12:0] vidVramAddr;
+//logic [7:0] cpuVramData;
+logic [12:0] cpuVramAddr;
 
 
 // link module that generates all our timing signals
-vgagen vgatiming(nReset,pixClk,hCount,hActive,hSEActive,nhSync,vCount,vActive,vSEActive,nvSync);
-// link module that fetches & outputs video data
-vgaout vidvram(pixClock,nReset,hCount,vCount,hSEActive,vSEActive,vidVramData,vidVramAddr,nvramOE,vidOut);
-// link module that handles cpu writes
+vgagen vgatiming(
+    .nReset(nReset),
+    .pixClk(pixClk),
+    .hCount(hCount),
+    .hActive(hActive),
+    .hSEActive(hSEActive),
+    .nhSync(nhSync),
+    .vCount(vCount),
+    .vActive(vActive),
+    .vSEActive(vSEActive),
+    .nvSync(nvSync)
+);
 
+// link module that fetches & outputs video data
+vgaout vidvram(
+    .pixClock(pixClk),
+    .nReset(nReset),
+    .hCount(hCount),
+    .vCount(vCount),
+    .hSEActive(hSEActive),
+    .vSEActive(vSEActive),
+    .vramData(vramData),
+    .vramAddr(vidVramAddr),
+    .nvramOE(nvramOE),
+    .vidOut(vidOut)
+);
+
+// link module that handles cpu writes
+cpusnoop cpusnp(    
+    .nReset(nReset),
+    .pixClock(pixClk),
+    .sequence(hCount[2:0]),
+    .cpuAddr(cpuAddr),
+    .cpuData(cpuData),
+    .ncpuAS(ncpuAS),
+    .ncpuUDS(ncpuUDS),
+    .ncpuLDS(ncpuLDS),
+    .cpuRnW(cpuRnW),
+    .cpuClk(cpuClk),
+    .vramAddr(vramAddr),
+    .vramData(cpuVramData),
+    .nvramWE(nvramWE)
+);
+
+always_comb begin
+    // vramAddr muxing
+    if(.nvramWE == 1'b0) begin
+        vramAddr <= cpuVramAddr;
+    end else begin
+        vramAddr <= vidVramData;
+    end
+end
 
 endmodule
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/vgaout.sv b/vgaout.sv
index e08b1d7..4a37009 100644
--- a/vgaout.sv
+++ b/vgaout.sv
@@ -25,8 +25,25 @@ module vgaout (
 reg [7:0] rVid;
 wire vidMuxOut;
 wire vidActive; // combined active video signal
+wire vidMuxClk; // latch mux output just before updating rVid
 
-mux8x1 vidOutMux(rVid[7:0],hCount[2:0],vidMuxOut);
+// select bits 0..7 from the vram data in rVid, and latch if
+// vidMuxClk goes high
+mux8x1latch vidOutMux(rVid,hCount[2:0],vidMuxClk,nReset,vidMuxOut);
+
+// vidMuxClk should be low during sequence 0..6, and high for 7
+// this may lead to a race condition trying to change the mux
+// before the output is latched. The alternative is to latch on
+// the rising edge of pixClock during sequence 7, but then we may
+// have a race condition with the data coming in from VRAM.
+// What we really need is a half clock delay :-/
+always_comb begin
+    if(hCount[2:0] == 3'd7) begin
+        vidMuxClk <= 1'b1;
+    end else begin
+        vidMuxClk <= 1'b0;
+    end
+end
 
 // latch incoming vram data on rising clock and sequence 7
 always @(posedge pixClock or negedge nReset) begin