451 lines
16 KiB
HTML
451 lines
16 KiB
HTML
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>Prerequisites for GCC</title>
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<h1 class="settitle" align="center">Prerequisites for GCC</h1>
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<a name="index-Prerequisites"></a>
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<p>GCC requires that various tools and packages be available for use in the
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build procedure. Modifying GCC sources requires additional tools
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described below.
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</p>
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<a name="Tools_002fpackages-necessary-for-building-GCC"></a>
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<h3 class="heading">Tools/packages necessary for building GCC</h3>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt>ISO C++11 compiler</dt>
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<dd><p>Necessary to bootstrap GCC.
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</p>
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<p>Versions of GCC prior to 11 also allow bootstrapping with an ISO C++98
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compiler, versions of GCC prior to 4.8 also allow bootstrapping with a
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ISO C89 compiler, and versions of GCC prior to 3.4 also allow
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bootstrapping with a traditional (K&R) C compiler.
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</p>
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<p>To build all languages in a cross-compiler or other configuration where
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3-stage bootstrap is not performed, you need to start with an existing
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GCC binary (version 4.8 or later) because source code for language
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frontends other than C might use GCC extensions.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>C standard library and headers</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>In order to build GCC, the C standard library and headers must be present
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for all target variants for which target libraries will be built (and not
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only the variant of the host C++ compiler).
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</p>
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<p>This affects the popular ‘<samp>x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</samp>’ platform (among
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other multilib targets), for which 64-bit (‘<samp>x86_64</samp>’) and 32-bit
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(‘<samp>i386</samp>’) libc headers are usually packaged separately. If you do a
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build of a native compiler on ‘<samp>x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</samp>’, make sure you
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either have the 32-bit libc developer package properly installed (the exact
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name of the package depends on your distro) or you must build GCC as a
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64-bit only compiler by configuring with the option
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<samp>--disable-multilib</samp>. Otherwise, you may encounter an error such as
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‘<samp>fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file</samp>’
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><a name="GNAT-prerequisite"></a>GNAT</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>In order to build GNAT, the Ada compiler, you need a working GNAT
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compiler (GCC version 5.1 or later).
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</p>
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<p>This includes GNAT tools such as <code>gnatmake</code> and
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<code>gnatlink</code>, since the Ada front end is written in Ada and
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uses some GNAT-specific extensions.
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</p>
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<p>In order to build a cross compiler, it is strongly recommended to install
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the new compiler as native first, and then use it to build the cross
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compiler. Other native compiler versions may work but this is not guaranteed and
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will typically fail with hard to understand compilation errors during the
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build.
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</p>
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<p>Similarly, it is strongly recommended to use an older version of GNAT to build
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GNAT. More recent versions of GNAT than the version built are not guaranteed
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to work and will often fail during the build with compilation errors.
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</p>
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<p>Note that <code>configure</code> does not test whether the GNAT installation works
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and has a sufficiently recent version; if too old a GNAT version is
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installed and <samp>--enable-languages=ada</samp> is used, the build will fail.
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</p>
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<p><code>ADA_INCLUDE_PATH</code> and <code>ADA_OBJECT_PATH</code> environment variables
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must not be set when building the Ada compiler, the Ada tools, or the
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Ada runtime libraries. You can check that your build environment is clean
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by verifying that ‘<samp>gnatls -v</samp>’ lists only one explicit path in each
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section.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><a name="GDC-prerequisite"></a>GDC</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>In order to build GDC, the D compiler, you need a working GDC
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compiler (GCC version 9.1 or later) and D runtime library,
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‘<samp>libphobos</samp>’, as the D front end is written in D.
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</p>
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<p>Versions of GDC prior to 12 can be built with an ISO C++11 compiler, which can
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then be installed and used to bootstrap newer versions of the D front end.
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</p>
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<p>It is strongly recommended to use an older version of GDC to build GDC. More
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recent versions of GDC than the version built are not guaranteed to work and
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will often fail during the build with compilation errors relating to
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deprecations or removed features.
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</p>
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<p>Note that <code>configure</code> does not test whether the GDC installation works
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and has a sufficiently recent version. Though the implementation of the D
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front end does not make use of any GDC-specific extensions, or novel features
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of the D language, if too old a GDC version is installed and
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<samp>--enable-languages=d</samp> is used, the build will fail.
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</p>
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<p>On some targets, ‘<samp>libphobos</samp>’ isn’t enabled by default, but compiles
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and works if <samp>--enable-libphobos</samp> is used. Specifics are
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documented for affected targets.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>A “working” POSIX compatible shell, or GNU bash</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when running <code>configure</code> because some
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<code>/bin/sh</code> shells have bugs and may crash when configuring the
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target libraries. In other cases, <code>/bin/sh</code> or <code>ksh</code>
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have disastrous corner-case performance problems. This
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can cause target <code>configure</code> runs to literally take days to
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complete in some cases.
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</p>
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<p>So on some platforms <code>/bin/ksh</code> is sufficient, on others it
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isn’t. See the host/target specific instructions for your platform, or
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use <code>bash</code> to be sure. Then set <code>CONFIG_SHELL</code> in your
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environment to your “good” shell prior to running
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<code>configure</code>/<code>make</code>.
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</p>
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<p><code>zsh</code> is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not
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work when configuring GCC.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>A POSIX or SVR4 awk</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary for creating some of the generated source files for GCC.
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If in doubt, use a recent GNU awk version, as some of the older ones
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are broken. GNU awk version 3.1.5 is known to work.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU binutils</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary in some circumstances, optional in others. See the
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host/target specific instructions for your platform for the exact
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requirements.
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</p>
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<p>Note binutils 2.35 or newer is required for LTO to work correctly
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with GNU libtool that includes doing a bootstrap with LTO enabled.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>gzip version 1.2.4 (or later) or</dt>
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<dt>bzip2 version 1.0.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to uncompress GCC <code>tar</code> files when source code is
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obtained via HTTPS mirror sites.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU make version 3.80 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>You must have GNU make installed to build GCC.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU tar version 1.14 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary (only on some platforms) to untar the source code. Many
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systems’ <code>tar</code> programs will also work, only try GNU
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<code>tar</code> if you have problems.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Perl version between 5.6.1 and 5.6.24</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when targeting Darwin, building ‘<samp>libstdc++</samp>’,
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and not using <samp>--disable-symvers</samp>.
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Necessary when targeting Solaris 2 with Solaris <code>ld</code> and not using
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<samp>--disable-symvers</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary when regenerating <samp>Makefile</samp> dependencies in libiberty.
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Necessary when regenerating <samp>libiberty/functions.texi</samp>.
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Necessary when generating manpages from Texinfo manuals.
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Used by various scripts to generate some files included in the source
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repository (mainly Unicode-related and rarely changing) from source
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tables.
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</p>
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<p>Used by <code>automake</code>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>Several support libraries are necessary to build GCC, some are required,
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others optional. While any sufficiently new version of required tools
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usually work, library requirements are generally stricter. Newer
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versions may work in some cases, but it’s safer to use the exact
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versions documented. We appreciate bug reports about problems with
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newer versions, though. If your OS vendor provides packages for the
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support libraries then using those packages may be the simplest way to
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install the libraries.
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</p>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt>GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.3.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC. If a GMP source distribution is found in a
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subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>gmp</samp>, it will be built
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together with GCC. Alternatively, if GMP is already installed but it
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is not in your library search path, you will have to configure with the
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<samp>--with-gmp</samp> configure option. See also <samp>--with-gmp-lib</samp>
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and <samp>--with-gmp-include</samp>.
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The in-tree build is only supported with the GMP version that
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download_prerequisites installs.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>MPFR Library version 3.1.0 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
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<a href="https://www.mpfr.org">https://www.mpfr.org</a>. If an MPFR source distribution is found
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in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>mpfr</samp>, it will be
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built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPFR is already installed
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but it is not in your default library search path, the
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<samp>--with-mpfr</samp> configure option should be used. See also
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<samp>--with-mpfr-lib</samp> and <samp>--with-mpfr-include</samp>.
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The in-tree build is only supported with the MPFR version that
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download_prerequisites installs.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>MPC Library version 1.0.1 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
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<a href="https://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/">https://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/</a>. If an MPC source distribution
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is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>mpc</samp>, it
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will be built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPC is already
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installed but it is not in your default library search path, the
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<samp>--with-mpc</samp> configure option should be used. See also
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<samp>--with-mpc-lib</samp> and <samp>--with-mpc-include</samp>.
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The in-tree build is only supported with the MPC version that
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download_prerequisites installs.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>isl Library version 0.15 or later.</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC with the Graphite loop optimizations.
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It can be downloaded from <a href="https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/">https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/</a>.
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If an isl source distribution is found
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in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>isl</samp>, it will be
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built together with GCC. Alternatively, the <samp>--with-isl</samp> configure
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option should be used if isl is not installed in your default library
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search path.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>zstd Library.</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC with zstd compression used for LTO bytecode.
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The library is searched in your default library patch search.
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Alternatively, the <samp>--with-zstd</samp> configure option should be used.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<a name="Tools_002fpackages-necessary-for-modifying-GCC"></a>
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<h3 class="heading">Tools/packages necessary for modifying GCC</h3>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt>autoconf version 2.69</dt>
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<dt>GNU m4 version 1.4.6 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying <samp>configure.ac</samp>, <samp>aclocal.m4</samp>, etc.
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to regenerate <samp>configure</samp> and <samp>config.in</samp> files.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>automake version 1.15.1</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying a <samp>Makefile.am</samp> file to regenerate its
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associated <samp>Makefile.in</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Much of GCC does not use automake, so directly edit the <samp>Makefile.in</samp>
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file. Specifically this applies to the <samp>gcc</samp>, <samp>intl</samp>,
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<samp>libcpp</samp>, <samp>libiberty</samp>, <samp>libobjc</samp> directories as well
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as any of their subdirectories.
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</p>
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<p>For directories that use automake, GCC requires the latest release in
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the 1.15 series, which is currently 1.15.1. When regenerating a directory
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to a newer version, please update all the directories using an older 1.15
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to the latest released version.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>gettext version 0.14.5 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Needed to regenerate <samp>gcc.pot</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>gperf version 2.7.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying <code>gperf</code> input files, e.g.
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<samp>gcc/cp/cfns.gperf</samp> to regenerate its associated header file, e.g.
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<samp>gcc/cp/cfns.h</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>DejaGnu version 1.5.3 (or later)</dt>
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<dt>Expect</dt>
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<dt>Tcl</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to run the GCC testsuite; see the section on testing for
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details.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>autogen version 5.5.4 (or later) and</dt>
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<dt>guile version 1.4.1 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to regenerate <samp>fixinc/fixincl.x</samp> from
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<samp>fixinc/inclhack.def</samp> and <samp>fixinc/*.tpl</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to run ‘<samp>make check</samp>’ for <samp>fixinc</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to regenerate the top level <samp>Makefile.in</samp> file from
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<samp>Makefile.tpl</samp> and <samp>Makefile.def</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Flex version 2.5.4 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying <samp>*.l</samp> files.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated output
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files are not included in the version-controlled source repository.
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They are included in releases.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Texinfo version 4.7 (or later)</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
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<p>Necessary for running <code>makeinfo</code> when modifying <samp>*.texi</samp>
|
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files to test your changes.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary for running <code>make dvi</code> or <code>make pdf</code> to
|
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create printable documentation in DVI or PDF format. Texinfo version
|
|
4.8 or later is required for <code>make pdf</code>.
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</p>
|
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<p>Necessary to build GCC documentation during development because the
|
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generated output files are not included in the repository. They are
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included in releases.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>TeX (any working version)</dt>
|
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<dd>
|
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<p>Necessary for running <code>texi2dvi</code> and <code>texi2pdf</code>, which
|
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are used when running <code>make dvi</code> or <code>make pdf</code> to create
|
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DVI or PDF files, respectively.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Sphinx version 1.0 (or later)</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
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<p>Necessary to regenerate <samp>jit/docs/_build/texinfo</samp> from the <samp>.rst</samp>
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files in the directories below <samp>jit/docs</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
|
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<dt>git (any version)</dt>
|
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<dt>SSH (any version)</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Necessary to access the source repository. Public releases and weekly
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snapshots of the development sources are also available via HTTPS.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt>GNU diffutils version 2.7 (or later)</dt>
|
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<dd>
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<p>Useful when submitting patches for the GCC source code.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>patch version 2.5.4 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when applying patches, created with <code>diff</code>, to one’s
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own sources.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr />
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<p>
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<p><a href="./index.html">Return to the GCC Installation page</a>
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</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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