mirror of
https://github.com/autc04/Retro68.git
synced 2024-11-24 07:31:32 +00:00
880 lines
41 KiB
XML
880 lines
41 KiB
XML
<part xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:id="manual.intro" xreflabel="Introduction">
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="intro.html"?>
|
|
|
|
<info><title>
|
|
Introduction
|
|
<indexterm><primary>Introduction</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</title>
|
|
<keywordset>
|
|
<keyword>ISO C++</keyword>
|
|
<keyword>library</keyword>
|
|
</keywordset>
|
|
</info>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Chapter 01 : Status -->
|
|
<chapter xml:id="manual.intro.status" xreflabel="Status"><info><title>Status</title></info>
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="status.html"?>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01 : Implementation Status -->
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.iso" xreflabel="Status"><info><title>Implementation Status</title></info>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01.1 : Status C++ 1998 -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx1998.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01.2 : Status C++ 2011 -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2011.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01.3 : Status C++ 2014 -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2014.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01.4 : Status C++ TR1 -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxxtr1.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01.5 : Status C++ TR24733 -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxxtr24733.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 02 : License -->
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.license" xreflabel="License"><info><title>License</title></info>
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="license.html"?>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
There are two licenses affecting GNU libstdc++: one for the code,
|
|
and one for the documentation.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
There is a license section in the FAQ regarding common <link linkend="faq.license">questions</link>. If you have more
|
|
questions, ask the FSF or the <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://gcc.gnu.org/lists.html">gcc mailing list</link>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.license.gpl" xreflabel="License GPL"><info><title>The Code: GPL</title></info>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The source code is distributed under the <link linkend="appendix.gpl-3.0">GNU General Public License version 3</link>,
|
|
with the addition under section 7 of an exception described in
|
|
the <quote>GCC Runtime Library Exception, version 3.1</quote>
|
|
as follows (or see the file COPYING.RUNTIME):
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<literallayout class="normal">
|
|
GCC RUNTIME LIBRARY EXCEPTION
|
|
|
|
Version 3.1, 31 March 2009
|
|
|
|
Copyright (C) 2009 <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://www.fsf.org">Free Software Foundation, Inc.</link>
|
|
|
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
|
|
license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
|
|
This GCC Runtime Library Exception ("Exception") is an additional
|
|
permission under section 7 of the GNU General Public License, version
|
|
3 ("GPLv3"). It applies to a given file (the "Runtime Library") that
|
|
bears a notice placed by the copyright holder of the file stating that
|
|
the file is governed by GPLv3 along with this Exception.
|
|
|
|
When you use GCC to compile a program, GCC may combine portions of
|
|
certain GCC header files and runtime libraries with the compiled
|
|
program. The purpose of this Exception is to allow compilation of
|
|
non-GPL (including proprietary) programs to use, in this way, the
|
|
header files and runtime libraries covered by this Exception.
|
|
|
|
0. Definitions.
|
|
|
|
A file is an "Independent Module" if it either requires the Runtime
|
|
Library for execution after a Compilation Process, or makes use of an
|
|
interface provided by the Runtime Library, but is not otherwise based
|
|
on the Runtime Library.
|
|
|
|
"GCC" means a version of the GNU Compiler Collection, with or without
|
|
modifications, governed by version 3 (or a specified later version) of
|
|
the GNU General Public License (GPL) with the option of using any
|
|
subsequent versions published by the FSF.
|
|
|
|
"GPL-compatible Software" is software whose conditions of propagation,
|
|
modification and use would permit combination with GCC in accord with
|
|
the license of GCC.
|
|
|
|
"Target Code" refers to output from any compiler for a real or virtual
|
|
target processor architecture, in executable form or suitable for
|
|
input to an assembler, loader, linker and/or execution
|
|
phase. Notwithstanding that, Target Code does not include data in any
|
|
format that is used as a compiler intermediate representation, or used
|
|
for producing a compiler intermediate representation.
|
|
|
|
The "Compilation Process" transforms code entirely represented in
|
|
non-intermediate languages designed for human-written code, and/or in
|
|
Java Virtual Machine byte code, into Target Code. Thus, for example,
|
|
use of source code generators and preprocessors need not be considered
|
|
part of the Compilation Process, since the Compilation Process can be
|
|
understood as starting with the output of the generators or
|
|
preprocessors.
|
|
|
|
A Compilation Process is "Eligible" if it is done using GCC, alone or
|
|
with other GPL-compatible software, or if it is done without using any
|
|
work based on GCC. For example, using non-GPL-compatible Software to
|
|
optimize any GCC intermediate representations would not qualify as an
|
|
Eligible Compilation Process.
|
|
|
|
1. Grant of Additional Permission.
|
|
|
|
You have permission to propagate a work of Target Code formed by
|
|
combining the Runtime Library with Independent Modules, even if such
|
|
propagation would otherwise violate the terms of GPLv3, provided that
|
|
all Target Code was generated by Eligible Compilation Processes. You
|
|
may then convey such a combination under terms of your choice,
|
|
consistent with the licensing of the Independent Modules.
|
|
|
|
2. No Weakening of GCC Copyleft.
|
|
|
|
The availability of this Exception does not imply any general
|
|
presumption that third-party software is unaffected by the copyleft
|
|
requirements of the license of GCC.
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Hopefully that text is self-explanatory. If it isn't, you need to speak
|
|
to your lawyer, or the Free Software Foundation.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.license.fdl" xreflabel="License FDL"><info><title>The Documentation: GPL, FDL</title></info>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The documentation shipped with the library and made available over
|
|
the web, excluding the pages generated from source comments, are
|
|
copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, and placed under the
|
|
<link linkend="appendix.gfdl-1.3"> GNU Free Documentation
|
|
License version 1.3</link>. There are no Front-Cover Texts, no
|
|
Back-Cover Texts, and no Invariant Sections.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For documentation generated by doxygen or other automated tools
|
|
via processing source code comments and markup, the original source
|
|
code license applies to the generated files. Thus, the doxygen
|
|
documents are licensed <link linkend="appendix.gpl-3.0">GPL</link>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you plan on making copies of the documentation, please let us know.
|
|
We can probably offer suggestions.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 03 : Known Bugs -->
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.bugs" xreflabel="Bugs"><info><title>Bugs</title></info>
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="bugs.html"?>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.bugs.impl" xreflabel="Bugs impl"><info><title>Implementation Bugs</title></info>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Information on known bugs, details on efforts to fix them, and
|
|
fixed bugs are all available as part of the <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://gcc.gnu.org/bugs/">GCC bug tracking system</link>,
|
|
with the category set to <literal>libstdc++</literal>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.status.bugs.iso" xreflabel="Bugs iso"><info><title>Standard Bugs</title></info>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Everybody's got issues. Even the C++ Standard Library.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The Library Working Group, or LWG, is the ISO subcommittee responsible
|
|
for making changes to the library. They periodically publish an
|
|
Issues List containing problems and possible solutions. As they reach
|
|
a consensus on proposed solutions, we often incorporate the solution.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here are the issues which have resulted in code changes to the library.
|
|
The links are to the specific defect reports from a <emphasis>partial
|
|
copy</emphasis> of the Issues List. You can read the full version online
|
|
at the <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/">ISO C++
|
|
Committee homepage</link>, linked to on the
|
|
<link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://gcc.gnu.org/readings.html">GCC "Readings"
|
|
page</link>. If
|
|
you spend a lot of time reading the issues, we recommend downloading
|
|
the ZIP file and reading them locally.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
(NB: <emphasis>partial copy</emphasis> means that not all
|
|
links within the lwg-*.html pages will work. Specifically,
|
|
links to defect reports that have not been accorded full DR
|
|
status will probably break. Rather than trying to mirror the
|
|
entire issues list on our overworked web server, we recommend
|
|
you go to the LWG homepage instead.)
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
If a DR is not listed here, we may simply not have gotten to
|
|
it yet; feel free to submit a patch. Search the include/bits
|
|
and src directories for appearances of
|
|
<constant>_GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS</constant> for examples
|
|
of style. Note that we usually do not make changes to the
|
|
code until an issue has reached <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-active.html#DR">DR</link> status.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#5">5</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>string::compare specification questionable</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>This should be two overloaded functions rather than a single function.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#17">17</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Bad bool parsing</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Apparently extracting Boolean values was messed up...
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#19">19</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>"Noconv" definition too vague</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>If <code>codecvt::do_in</code> returns <code>noconv</code> there are
|
|
no changes to the values in <code>[to, to_limit)</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#22">22</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Member open vs flags</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Re-opening a file stream does <emphasis>not</emphasis> clear the state flags.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#23">23</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Num_get overflow result</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the proposed resolution.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#25">25</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>String operator<< uses width() value wrong</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Padding issues.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#48">48</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Use of non-existent exception constructor</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>An instance of <code>ios_base::failure</code> is constructed instead.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#49">49</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Underspecification of ios_base::sync_with_stdio</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The return type is the <emphasis>previous</emphasis> state of synchronization.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#50">50</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Copy constructor and assignment operator of ios_base</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>These members functions are declared <code>private</code> and are
|
|
thus inaccessible. Specifying the correct semantics of
|
|
"copying stream state" was deemed too complicated.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#60">60</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>What is a formatted input function?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>This DR made many widespread changes to <code>basic_istream</code>
|
|
and <code>basic_ostream</code> all of which have been implemented.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#63">63</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Exception-handling policy for unformatted output</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Make the policy consistent with that of formatted input, unformatted
|
|
input, and formatted output.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#68">68</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Extractors for char* should store null at end</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>And they do now. An editing glitch in the last item in the list of
|
|
[27.6.1.2.3]/7.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#74">74</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Garbled text for codecvt::do_max_length</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The text of the standard was gibberish. Typos gone rampant.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#75">75</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Contradiction in codecvt::length's argument types</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Change the first parameter to <code>stateT&</code> and implement
|
|
the new effects paragraph.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#83">83</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>string::npos vs. string::max_size()</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Safety checks on the size of the string should test against
|
|
<code>max_size()</code> rather than <code>npos</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#90">90</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Incorrect description of operator>> for strings</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The effect contain <code>isspace(c,getloc())</code> which must be
|
|
replaced by <code>isspace(c,is.getloc())</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#91">91</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Description of operator>> and getline() for string<>
|
|
might cause endless loop</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>They behave as a formatted input function and as an unformatted
|
|
input function, respectively (except that <code>getline</code> is
|
|
not required to set <code>gcount</code>).
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#103">103</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>set::iterator is required to be modifiable, but this allows
|
|
modification of keys.</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>For associative containers where the value type is the same as
|
|
the key type, both <code>iterator</code> and <code>const_iterator
|
|
</code> are constant iterators.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#109">109</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Missing binders for non-const sequence elements</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The <code>binder1st</code> and <code>binder2nd</code> didn't have an
|
|
<code>operator()</code> taking a non-const parameter.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#110">110</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>istreambuf_iterator::equal not const</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>This was not a const member function. Note that the DR says to
|
|
replace the function with a const one; we have instead provided an
|
|
overloaded version with identical contents.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#117">117</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>basic_ostream uses nonexistent num_put member functions</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para><code>num_put::put()</code> was overloaded on the wrong types.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#118">118</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>basic_istream uses nonexistent num_get member functions</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Same as 117, but for <code>num_get::get()</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#129">129</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Need error indication from seekp() and seekg()</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>These functions set <code>failbit</code> on error now.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#130">130</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Return type of container::erase(iterator) differs for associative containers</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Make member <code>erase</code> return iterator for <code>set</code>, <code>multiset</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>multimap</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#136">136</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>seekp, seekg setting wrong streams?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para><code>seekp</code> should only set the output stream, and
|
|
<code>seekg</code> should only set the input stream.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<!--<varlistentry><term><ulink url="../ext/lwg-defects.html#159">159</ulink>:
|
|
<emphasis>Strange use of underflow()</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In fstream.tcc, the basic_filebuf<>::showmanyc() function
|
|
should probably not be calling <code>underflow()</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry> -->
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#167">167</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Improper use of traits_type::length()</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para><code>op<<</code> with a <code>const char*</code> was
|
|
calculating an incorrect number of characters to write.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#169">169</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Bad efficiency of overflow() mandated</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Grow efficiently the internal array object.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#171">171</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Strange seekpos() semantics due to joint position</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Quite complex to summarize...
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#181">181</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>make_pair() unintended behavior</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>This function used to take its arguments as reference-to-const, now
|
|
it copies them (pass by value).
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#195">195</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Should basic_istream::sentry's constructor ever set eofbit?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Yes, it can, specifically if EOF is reached while skipping whitespace.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#211">211</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>operator>>(istream&, string&) doesn't set failbit</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>If nothing is extracted into the string, <code>op>></code> now
|
|
sets <code>failbit</code> (which can cause an exception, etc., etc.).
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#214">214</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>set::find() missing const overload</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Both <code>set</code> and <code>multiset</code> were missing
|
|
overloaded find, lower_bound, upper_bound, and equal_range functions
|
|
for const instances.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#231">231</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Precision in iostream?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>For conversion from a floating-point type, <code>str.precision()</code>
|
|
is specified in the conversion specification.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#233">233</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Insertion hints in associative containers</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement N1780, first check before then check after, insert as close
|
|
to hint as possible.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#235">235</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>No specification of default ctor for reverse_iterator</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The declaration of <code>reverse_iterator</code> lists a default constructor.
|
|
However, no specification is given what this constructor should do.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#241">241</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Does unique_copy() require CopyConstructible and Assignable?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add a helper for forward_iterator/output_iterator, fix the existing
|
|
one for input_iterator/output_iterator to not rely on Assignability.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#243">243</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>get and getline when sentry reports failure</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Store a null character only if the character array has a non-zero size.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#251">251</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>basic_stringbuf missing allocator_type</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>This nested typedef was originally not specified.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#253">253</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>valarray helper functions are almost entirely useless</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Make the copy constructor and copy-assignment operator declarations
|
|
public in gslice_array, indirect_array, mask_array, slice_array; provide
|
|
definitions.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#265">265</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>std::pair::pair() effects overly restrictive</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The default ctor would build its members from copies of temporaries;
|
|
now it simply uses their respective default ctors.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#266">266</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>bad_exception::~bad_exception() missing Effects clause</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The <code>bad_</code>* classes no longer have destructors (they
|
|
are trivial), since no description of them was ever given.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#271">271</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>basic_iostream missing typedefs</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The typedefs it inherits from its base classes can't be used, since
|
|
(for example) <code>basic_iostream<T>::traits_type</code> is ambiguous.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#275">275</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Wrong type in num_get::get() overloads</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Similar to 118.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#280">280</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Comparison of reverse_iterator to const reverse_iterator</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add global functions with two template parameters.
|
|
(NB: not added for now a templated assignment operator)
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#292">292</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Effects of a.copyfmt (a)</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>If <code>(this == &rhs)</code> do nothing.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#300">300</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>List::merge() specification incomplete</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>If <code>(this == &x)</code> do nothing.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#303">303</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Bitset input operator underspecified</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Basically, compare the input character to
|
|
<code>is.widen(0)</code> and <code>is.widen(1)</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#305">305</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Default behavior of codecvt<wchar_t, char,
|
|
mbstate_t>::length()</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Do not specify what <code>codecvt<wchar_t, char,
|
|
mbstate_t>::do_length</code> must return.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#328">328</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Bad sprintf format modifier in
|
|
money_put<>::do_put()</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Change the format string to "%.0Lf".
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#365">365</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Lack of const-qualification in clause 27</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add const overloads of <code>is_open</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#387">387</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>std::complex over-encapsulated</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add the <code>real(T)</code> and <code>imag(T)</code>
|
|
members; in C++11 mode, also adjust the existing
|
|
<code>real()</code> and <code>imag()</code> members and
|
|
free functions.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#389">389</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Const overload of valarray::operator[] returns
|
|
by value</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Change it to return a <code>const T&</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#396">396</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>what are characters zero and one</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the proposed resolution.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#402">402</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Wrong new expression in [some_]allocator::construct</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Replace "new" with "::new".
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#408">408</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>
|
|
Is vector<reverse_iterator<char*> > forbidden?
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Tweak the debug-mode checks in _Safe_iterator.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#409">409</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Closing an fstream should clear the error state</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Have <code>open</code> clear the error flags.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#431">431</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Swapping containers with unequal allocators</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement Option 3, as per N1599.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#432">432</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>stringbuf::overflow() makes only one write position
|
|
available</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the resolution, beyond DR 169.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#434">434</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>bitset::to_string() hard to use</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add three overloads, taking fewer template arguments.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#438">438</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Ambiguity in the "do the right thing" clause</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the resolution, basically cast less.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#453">453</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>basic_stringbuf::seekoff need not always fail for an empty stream</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Don't fail if the next pointer is null and newoff is zero.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#455">455</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>cerr::tie() and wcerr::tie() are overspecified</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Initialize cerr tied to cout and wcerr tied to wcout.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#464">464</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Suggestion for new member functions in standard containers</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add <code>data()</code> to <code>std::vector</code> and
|
|
<code>at(const key_type&)</code> to <code>std::map</code>.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#508">508</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Bad parameters for ranlux64_base_01</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Fix the parameters.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#512">512</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Seeding subtract_with_carry_01 from a single unsigned long</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Construct a <code>linear_congruential</code> engine and seed with it.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#526">526</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Is it undefined if a function in the standard changes in
|
|
parameters?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Use &value.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#538">538</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>241 again: Does unique_copy() require CopyConstructible
|
|
and Assignable?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In case of input_iterator/output_iterator rely on Assignability of
|
|
input_iterator' value_type.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#539">539</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>partial_sum and adjacent_difference should mention
|
|
requirements</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>We were almost doing the right thing, just use std::move
|
|
in adjacent_difference.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#541">541</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>shared_ptr template assignment and void</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add an auto_ptr<void> specialization.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#543">543</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>valarray slice default constructor</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Follow the straightforward proposed resolution.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#550">550</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>What should the return type of pow(float,int) be?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In C++11 mode, remove the pow(float,int), etc., signatures.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#586">586</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>string inserter not a formatted function</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Change it to be a formatted output function (i.e. catch exceptions).
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#596">596</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>27.8.1.3 Table 112 omits "a+" and "a+b" modes</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add the missing modes to fopen_mode.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#630">630</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>arrays of valarray</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the simple resolution.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#660">660</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Missing bitwise operations</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add the missing operations.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#691">691</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>const_local_iterator cbegin, cend missing from TR1</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In C++11 mode add cbegin(size_type) and cend(size_type)
|
|
to the unordered containers.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#693">693</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>std::bitset::all() missing</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add it, consistently with the discussion.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#695">695</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>ctype<char>::classic_table() not accessible</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Make the member functions table and classic_table public.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#696">696</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>istream::operator>>(int&) broken</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the straightforward resolution.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#761">761</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>unordered_map needs an at() member function</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In C++11 mode, add at() and at() const.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#775">775</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Tuple indexing should be unsigned?</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Implement the int -> size_t replacements.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#776">776</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>Undescribed assign function of std::array</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In C++11 mode, remove assign, add fill.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#781">781</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>std::complex should add missing C99 functions</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>In C++11 mode, add std::proj.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#809">809</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>std::swap should be overloaded for array types</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Add the overload.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#853">853</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>to_string needs updating with zero and one</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Update / add the signatures.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#865">865</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>More algorithms that throw away information</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The traditional HP / SGI return type and value is blessed
|
|
by the resolution of the DR.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#1339">1339</link>:
|
|
<emphasis>uninitialized_fill_n should return the end of its range</emphasis>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Return the end of the filled range.
|
|
</para></listitem></varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Chapter 02 : Setup -->
|
|
<chapter xml:id="manual.intro.setup" xreflabel="Setup"><info><title>Setup</title></info>
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="setup.html"?>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>To transform libstdc++ sources into installed include files
|
|
and properly built binaries useful for linking to other software is
|
|
a multi-step process. Steps include getting the sources,
|
|
configuring and building the sources, testing, and installation.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The general outline of commands is something like:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>
|
|
<replaceable>get gcc sources</replaceable>
|
|
<replaceable>extract into gccsrcdir</replaceable>
|
|
mkdir <replaceable>gccbuilddir</replaceable>
|
|
cd <replaceable>gccbuilddir</replaceable>
|
|
<replaceable>gccsrcdir</replaceable>/configure --prefix=<replaceable>destdir</replaceable> --other-opts...
|
|
make
|
|
make check
|
|
make install
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Each step is described in more detail in the following sections.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 01 : Prerequisites -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="prerequisites.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 02 : Configure -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="configure.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Section 03 : Make -->
|
|
<section xml:id="manual.intro.setup.make" xreflabel="Make"><info><title>Make</title></info>
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="make.html"?>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you have never done this before, you should read the basic
|
|
<link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://gcc.gnu.org/install/">GCC Installation
|
|
Instructions</link> first. Read <emphasis>all of them</emphasis>.
|
|
<emphasis>Twice.</emphasis>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Then type: <command>make</command>, and congratulations, you've
|
|
started to build.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Chapter 03 : Using -->
|
|
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="using.xml">
|
|
</xi:include>
|
|
|
|
</part>
|