6.1 KiB
Retro68
A GCC-based cross-compilation environment for 68K Macs. Why? Because there is no decent C++11 Compiler targetting Apple's System 6. If that's not a sufficient reason for you, I'm sure you will find someting more useful elsewhere.
If you are crazy enough to try it out, please say hello at wolfgang.thaller@gmx.net.
Prerequisites
- Linux or Mac OS X
- boost
- CMake 2.8
- GCC dependencies: GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.3.1+ and MPC 0.8.0+
- bison version 3.0.2 or later
- Apple Universal Interfaces (tested with version 3.1 - see below)
- An ancient Mac and/or an emulator.
For Ubuntu Linux, the following should help a bit:
sudo apt-get install cmake libgmp-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev libboost-all-dev bison
On a Mac, get the homebrew package manager and:
brew install cmake gmp mpfr libmpc boost bison
In theory, you can also run Retro68 on a PowerMac G4 or G5 running Mac OS 10.4 (Tiger). In that case, get the tigerbrew package manager and
brew install gcc cmake
Apple Universal Interfaces
The Universal Interfaces used to be a free download from Apple. However, they have taken the site offline and the license agreement prohibits redistribution, so this might be a bit hard to find nowadays.
You do need a version that still supports 68K Mac development.
The package might be somewhere in this huge snapshot of Apple's FTP site made by the Internet Archive: https://archive.org/details/ftpsites_developer.apple.com
If you have a Mac or some other way to read DiskCopy images, grab the MPW 3.5 image from:
http://macintoshgarden.org/apps/macintosh-programmer%E2%80%99s-workshop
and use the CIncludes directory from there.
Put the C header files into a directory called "CIncludes" at the top level of the Retro68 directory.
Building
Once you have all the prerequisites, execute these commands from the top level of the Retro68 directory:
cd ..
mkdir Retro68-build
cd Retro68-build
sh ../Retro68/build-toolchain.sh
The toolchain will be installed in the "toolchain" directory inside the build directory.
Sample programs
Sample programs are built in several formats:
- On Macs: Real Mac Applications (
ApplicationName.APPL
) - Elsewhere:
ApplicationName.APPL
,.rsrc/ApplicationName.APPL
,.finf/ApplicationName.APPL
(BasiliskII/Sheepshaver compatible) - MacBinary files (
ApplicationName.bin
) - Raw HFS disk image (
ApplicationName.dsk
, containingApplicationName
)
Look under Retro68-build/build-target/ for the compiled binaries.
Overview
Retro68 is an aggegation of various existing free software projects with a few small key components added.
Third Party Components:
- binutils 2.20.1
- gcc 4.9.1 with some Retro68-specific hacks
- newlib 2.10.1 (inside the gcc directory)
- elf2flt (from the ucLinux project's CVS)
- hfsutils 3.2.6 (just for convenience)
Retro68-Specific Components:
- ASFilter
- PrepareHeaders.hs
- MakeAPPL
- libretro
- TestApps - a few tiny test programs
- Sample Programs: Raytracer, HelloWorld, Launcher, Dialog
binutils
Currently unmodified from the original. Configured for m68k-unknown-elf.
gcc
Various patches and hacks, most importantly:
- Changed register usage.
- Change the way 1-byte and 2-byte parameters are passed.
- support `"\pPascal String Literals"``
- added a pascal calling convention (
pascal
or__attribute__((__pascal__))
) - added
__attribute__((__raw_inline__(word1, word2, word3)))
to emulateONEWORDINLINE
and friends - added
__attribute__((regparam("...")))
to specify custom register calling conventions - added
#pragma parameter
to specify custom register calling conventions
newlib
Standard C library. Currently unmodified. The missing platform-dependent bits haven't been added, instead they are found in 'libretro'.
elf2flt
Converts from ELF to a much simpler binary format. Minor patch: provide symbols around .init and .fini sections
hfsutils:
Included for convenience. No changes.
prepare-headers.sh:
Apply any necessary patches to Apple's headers; currently, this only modifies ConditionalMacros.h
.
ASFilter:
An evil hack. Installs a replacement for m68k-unknown-elf-as that runs a few regexps on generated assembly code. Two things are changed:
- Replace occurrences of the RTD instruction, with something that is supported on 68000 as well. GCC currently generates this in
pascal
functions that you declare. - While we're at it, remove unnecessary duplicate RTS instructions from MacsBug symbol names.
MakeAPPL
Reads a FLAT executable as output by elf2flt and converts it to a MacBinary file containing a classic Macintosh application.
libretro
Contains startup code (handles relocations) and implementations for some standard library functions.
Console
Contains a library that implements basic text console functionality.
Sample Program: Hello World
The binary is in Retro68-build/build-target/Samples/HelloWorld/.
Sample Program: Raytracer
Calculates a nice 3D image, pixel by pixel. There are two versions: raytracer.c is a straightforward plain C implementation using floating point arithmetic.
Raytracer2 makes use of C++ features; it also uses fixed point arithmetic instead of floating point (operator overloading FTW).
The binaries are in Retro68-build/build-target/Samples/Raytracer/.
Sample Program: Launcher
A utility program for using Retro68 together with the minivmac emulator. Waits for a disk(image) to be inserted, and if it contains a single application, launches it. After the application exits, the disk is ejected again. This way, you can just drag a .dsk file generated by Retro68 on a minivmac Window to run your application.
Intended for System 6 without Multifinder.
Sample Program: Dialog
Shows a simple and useless dialog box. Demonstrates how to use Rez, the resource compiler. The binary is in Retro68-build/build-target/Samples/Dialog/.
License
The original parts of Retro68 are licensed under GPL3+, as are most other parts. Some parts are licensed GPL2+ or with more liberal licenses. Check the copyright notices in the individual files.