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<title>Prerequisites for GCC</title>
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<h1 class="settitle">Prerequisites for GCC</h1>
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<a name="index-Prerequisites-1"></a>
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GCC requires that various tools and packages be available for use in the
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build procedure. Modifying GCC sources requires additional tools
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described below.
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<h3 class="heading"><a name="TOC0"></a>Tools/packages necessary for building GCC</h3>
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<dl>
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<dt>ISO C++98 compiler<dd>Necessary to bootstrap GCC, although versions of GCC prior
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to 4.8 also allow bootstrapping with a ISO C89 compiler and versions
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of GCC prior to 3.4 also allow bootstrapping with a traditional
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(K&R) C compiler.
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<p>To build all languages in a cross-compiler or other configuration where
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3-stage bootstrap is not performed, you need to start with an existing
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GCC binary (version 3.4 or later) because source code for language
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frontends other than C might use GCC extensions.
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<p>Note that to bootstrap GCC with versions of GCC earlier than 3.4, you
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may need to use <samp><span class="option">--disable-stage1-checking</span></samp>, though
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bootstrapping the compiler with such earlier compilers is strongly
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discouraged.
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<br><dt>C standard library and headers<dd>
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In order to build GCC, the C standard library and headers must be present
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for all target variants for which target libraries will be built (and not
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only the variant of the host C++ compiler).
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<p>This affects the popular ‘<samp><span class="samp">x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu</span></samp>’ platform (among
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other multilib targets), for which 64-bit (‘<samp><span class="samp">x86_64</span></samp>’) and 32-bit
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(‘<samp><span class="samp">i386</span></samp>’) libc headers are usually packaged separately. If you do a
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build of a native compiler on ‘<samp><span class="samp">x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu</span></samp>’, make sure you
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either have the 32-bit libc developer package properly installed (the exact
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name of the package depends on your distro) or you must build GCC as a
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64-bit only compiler by configuring with the option
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<samp><span class="option">--disable-multilib</span></samp>. Otherwise, you may encounter an error such as
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‘<samp><span class="samp">fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file</span></samp>’
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<br><dt>GNAT<dd>
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In order to build the Ada compiler (GNAT) you must already have GNAT
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installed because portions of the Ada frontend are written in Ada (with
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GNAT extensions.) Refer to the Ada installation instructions for more
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specific information.
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<br><dt>A “working” POSIX compatible shell, or GNU bash<dd>
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Necessary when running <samp><span class="command">configure</span></samp> because some
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<samp><span class="command">/bin/sh</span></samp> shells have bugs and may crash when configuring the
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target libraries. In other cases, <samp><span class="command">/bin/sh</span></samp> or <samp><span class="command">ksh</span></samp>
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have disastrous corner-case performance problems. This
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can cause target <samp><span class="command">configure</span></samp> runs to literally take days to
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complete in some cases.
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<p>So on some platforms <samp><span class="command">/bin/ksh</span></samp> is sufficient, on others it
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isn't. See the host/target specific instructions for your platform, or
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use <samp><span class="command">bash</span></samp> to be sure. Then set <samp><span class="env">CONFIG_SHELL</span></samp> in your
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environment to your “good” shell prior to running
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<samp><span class="command">configure</span></samp>/<samp><span class="command">make</span></samp>.
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<p><samp><span class="command">zsh</span></samp> is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not
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work when configuring GCC.
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<br><dt>A POSIX or SVR4 awk<dd>
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Necessary for creating some of the generated source files for GCC.
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If in doubt, use a recent GNU awk version, as some of the older ones
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are broken. GNU awk version 3.1.5 is known to work.
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<br><dt>GNU binutils<dd>
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Necessary in some circumstances, optional in others. See the
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host/target specific instructions for your platform for the exact
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requirements.
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<br><dt>gzip version 1.2.4 (or later) or<dt>bzip2 version 1.0.2 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary to uncompress GCC <samp><span class="command">tar</span></samp> files when source code is
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obtained via FTP mirror sites.
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<br><dt>GNU make version 3.80 (or later)<dd>
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You must have GNU make installed to build GCC.
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<br><dt>GNU tar version 1.14 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary (only on some platforms) to untar the source code. Many
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systems' <samp><span class="command">tar</span></samp> programs will also work, only try GNU
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<samp><span class="command">tar</span></samp> if you have problems.
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<br><dt>Perl version 5.6.1 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary when targeting Darwin, building ‘<samp><span class="samp">libstdc++</span></samp>’,
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and not using <samp><span class="option">--disable-symvers</span></samp>.
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Necessary when targeting Solaris 2 with Sun <samp><span class="command">ld</span></samp> and not using
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<samp><span class="option">--disable-symvers</span></samp>. The bundled <samp><span class="command">perl</span></samp> in Solaris 8
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and up works.
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<p>Necessary when regenerating <samp><span class="file">Makefile</span></samp> dependencies in libiberty.
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Necessary when regenerating <samp><span class="file">libiberty/functions.texi</span></samp>.
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Necessary when generating manpages from Texinfo manuals.
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Used by various scripts to generate some files included in SVN (mainly
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Unicode-related and rarely changing) from source tables.
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</dl>
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<p>Several support libraries are necessary to build GCC, some are required,
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others optional. While any sufficiently new version of required tools
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usually work, library requirements are generally stricter. Newer
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versions may work in some cases, but it's safer to use the exact
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versions documented. We appreciate bug reports about problems with
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newer versions, though. If your OS vendor provides packages for the
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support libraries then using those packages may be the simplest way to
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install the libraries.
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<dl>
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<dt>GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.3.2 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary to build GCC. If a GMP source distribution is found in a
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subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp><span class="file">gmp</span></samp>, it will be built
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together with GCC. Alternatively, if GMP is already installed but it
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is not in your library search path, you will have to configure with the
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<samp><span class="option">--with-gmp</span></samp> configure option. See also <samp><span class="option">--with-gmp-lib</span></samp>
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and <samp><span class="option">--with-gmp-include</span></samp>.
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The in-tree build is only supported with the GMP version that
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download_prerequisites installs.
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<br><dt>MPFR Library version 2.4.2 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
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<a href="http://www.mpfr.org/">http://www.mpfr.org/</a>. If an MPFR source distribution is found
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in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp><span class="file">mpfr</span></samp>, it will be
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built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPFR is already installed
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but it is not in your default library search path, the
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<samp><span class="option">--with-mpfr</span></samp> configure option should be used. See also
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<samp><span class="option">--with-mpfr-lib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">--with-mpfr-include</span></samp>.
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The in-tree build is only supported with the MPFR version that
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download_prerequisites installs.
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<br><dt>MPC Library version 0.8.1 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
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<a href="http://www.multiprecision.org/">http://www.multiprecision.org/</a>. If an MPC source distribution
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is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp><span class="file">mpc</span></samp>, it
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will be built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPC is already
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installed but it is not in your default library search path, the
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<samp><span class="option">--with-mpc</span></samp> configure option should be used. See also
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<samp><span class="option">--with-mpc-lib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">--with-mpc-include</span></samp>.
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The in-tree build is only supported with the MPC version that
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download_prerequisites installs.
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<br><dt>isl Library version 0.15 or later.<dd>
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Necessary to build GCC with the Graphite loop optimizations.
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It can be downloaded from <a href="ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/">ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/</a>.
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If an isl source distribution is found
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in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp><span class="file">isl</span></samp>, it will be
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built together with GCC. Alternatively, the <samp><span class="option">--with-isl</span></samp> configure
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option should be used if isl is not installed in your default library
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search path.
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</dl>
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<h3 class="heading"><a name="TOC1"></a>Tools/packages necessary for modifying GCC</h3>
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<dl>
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<dt>autoconf version 2.64<dt>GNU m4 version 1.4.6 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary when modifying <samp><span class="file">configure.ac</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">aclocal.m4</span></samp>, etc.
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to regenerate <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">config.in</span></samp> files.
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<br><dt>automake version 1.11.6<dd>
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Necessary when modifying a <samp><span class="file">Makefile.am</span></samp> file to regenerate its
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associated <samp><span class="file">Makefile.in</span></samp>.
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<p>Much of GCC does not use automake, so directly edit the <samp><span class="file">Makefile.in</span></samp>
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file. Specifically this applies to the <samp><span class="file">gcc</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">intl</span></samp>,
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<samp><span class="file">libcpp</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">libiberty</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">libobjc</span></samp> directories as well
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as any of their subdirectories.
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<p>For directories that use automake, GCC requires the latest release in
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the 1.11 series, which is currently 1.11.6. When regenerating a directory
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to a newer version, please update all the directories using an older 1.11
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to the latest released version.
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<br><dt>gettext version 0.14.5 (or later)<dd>
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Needed to regenerate <samp><span class="file">gcc.pot</span></samp>.
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<br><dt>gperf version 2.7.2 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary when modifying <samp><span class="command">gperf</span></samp> input files, e.g.
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<samp><span class="file">gcc/cp/cfns.gperf</span></samp> to regenerate its associated header file, e.g.
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<samp><span class="file">gcc/cp/cfns.h</span></samp>.
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<br><dt>DejaGnu 1.4.4<dt>Expect<dt>Tcl<dd>
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Necessary to run the GCC testsuite; see the section on testing for
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details. Tcl 8.6 has a known regression in RE pattern handling that
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make parts of the testsuite fail. See
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<a href="http://core.tcl.tk/tcl/tktview/267b7e2334ee2e9de34c4b00d6e72e2f1997085f">http://core.tcl.tk/tcl/tktview/267b7e2334ee2e9de34c4b00d6e72e2f1997085f</a>
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for more information. This bug has been fixed in 8.6.1.
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<br><dt>autogen version 5.5.4 (or later) and<dt>guile version 1.4.1 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary to regenerate <samp><span class="file">fixinc/fixincl.x</span></samp> from
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<samp><span class="file">fixinc/inclhack.def</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">fixinc/*.tpl</span></samp>.
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<p>Necessary to run ‘<samp><span class="samp">make check</span></samp>’ for <samp><span class="file">fixinc</span></samp>.
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<p>Necessary to regenerate the top level <samp><span class="file">Makefile.in</span></samp> file from
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<samp><span class="file">Makefile.tpl</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">Makefile.def</span></samp>.
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<br><dt>Flex version 2.5.4 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary when modifying <samp><span class="file">*.l</span></samp> files.
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<p>Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated output
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files are not included in the SVN repository. They are included in
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releases.
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<br><dt>Texinfo version 4.7 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary for running <samp><span class="command">makeinfo</span></samp> when modifying <samp><span class="file">*.texi</span></samp>
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files to test your changes.
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<p>Necessary for running <samp><span class="command">make dvi</span></samp> or <samp><span class="command">make pdf</span></samp> to
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create printable documentation in DVI or PDF format. Texinfo version
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4.8 or later is required for <samp><span class="command">make pdf</span></samp>.
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<p>Necessary to build GCC documentation during development because the
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generated output files are not included in the SVN repository. They are
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included in releases.
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<br><dt>TeX (any working version)<dd>
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Necessary for running <samp><span class="command">texi2dvi</span></samp> and <samp><span class="command">texi2pdf</span></samp>, which
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are used when running <samp><span class="command">make dvi</span></samp> or <samp><span class="command">make pdf</span></samp> to create
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DVI or PDF files, respectively.
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<br><dt>Sphinx version 1.0 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary to regenerate <samp><span class="file">jit/docs/_build/texinfo</span></samp> from the <samp><span class="file">.rst</span></samp>
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files in the directories below <samp><span class="file">jit/docs</span></samp>.
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<br><dt>SVN (any version)<dt>SSH (any version)<dd>
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Necessary to access the SVN repository. Public releases and weekly
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snapshots of the development sources are also available via FTP.
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<br><dt>GNU diffutils version 2.7 (or later)<dd>
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Useful when submitting patches for the GCC source code.
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<br><dt>patch version 2.5.4 (or later)<dd>
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Necessary when applying patches, created with <samp><span class="command">diff</span></samp>, to one's
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own sources.
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</dl>
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<p><hr />
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<p><a href="./index.html">Return to the GCC Installation page</a>
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