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405 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
405 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
@c Copyright (C) 1991-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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@c This is part of the GAS manual.
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@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.
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@ifset GENERIC
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@page
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@node Z8000-Dependent
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@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features
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@end ifset
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@ifclear GENERIC
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@node Machine Dependencies
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@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features
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@end ifclear
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@cindex Z8000 support
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The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the
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unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with
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24 bit addresses.
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When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the
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@code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit)
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sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with
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the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit)
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register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000},
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for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives.
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@menu
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* Z8000 Options:: Command-line options for the Z8000
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* Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000
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* Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000
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* Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes
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@end menu
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@node Z8000 Options
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@section Options
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@cindex Z8000 options
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@cindex options, Z8000
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@table @option
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@cindex @code{-z8001} command line option, Z8000
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@item -z8001
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Generate segmented code by default.
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@cindex @code{-z8002} command line option, Z8000
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@item -z8002
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Generate unsegmented code by default.
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@end table
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@node Z8000 Syntax
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@section Syntax
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@menu
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* Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters
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* Z8000-Regs:: Register Names
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* Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes
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@end menu
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@node Z8000-Chars
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@subsection Special Characters
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@cindex line comment character, Z8000
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@cindex Z8000 line comment character
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@samp{!} is the line comment character.
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If a @samp{#} appears as the first character of a line then the whole
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line is treated as a comment, but in this case the line could also be
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a logical line number directive (@pxref{Comments}) or a preprocessor
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control command (@pxref{Preprocessing}).
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@cindex line separator, Z8000
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@cindex statement separator, Z8000
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@cindex Z8000 line separator
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You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements.
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@node Z8000-Regs
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@subsection Register Names
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@cindex Z8000 registers
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@cindex registers, Z8000
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The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer
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to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the
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prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and
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@samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of
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the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are
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named @samp{rl@var{n}} and @samp{rh@var{n}}.
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@smallexample
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@exdent @emph{byte registers}
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rl0 rh0 rl1 rh1 rl2 rh2 rl3 rh3
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rl4 rh4 rl5 rh5 rl6 rh6 rl7 rh7
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@exdent @emph{word registers}
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r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15
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@exdent @emph{long word registers}
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rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14
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@exdent @emph{quad word registers}
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rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12
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@end smallexample
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@node Z8000-Addressing
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@subsection Addressing Modes
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@cindex addressing modes, Z8000
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@cindex Z800 addressing modes
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@value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000:
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@table @code
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@item rl@var{n}
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@itemx rh@var{n}
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@itemx r@var{n}
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@itemx rr@var{n}
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@itemx rq@var{n}
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Register direct: 8bit, 16bit, 32bit, and 64bit registers.
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@item @@r@var{n}
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@itemx @@rr@var{n}
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Indirect register: @@rr@var{n} in segmented mode, @@r@var{n} in unsegmented
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mode.
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@item @var{addr}
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Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler
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is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction.
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@item address(r@var{n})
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Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce
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the final address in memory of the operand.
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@item r@var{n}(#@var{imm})
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@itemx rr@var{n}(#@var{imm})
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Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign
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extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory
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of the operand.
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@item r@var{n}(r@var{m})
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@itemx rr@var{n}(r@var{m})
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Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} or rr@var{n} is added to
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the sign extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final
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address in memory of the operand.
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@item #@var{xx}
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Immediate data @var{xx}.
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@end table
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@node Z8000 Directives
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@section Assembler Directives for the Z8000
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@cindex Z8000 directives
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@cindex directives, Z8000
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The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes additional assembler directives,
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for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. These do not begin with
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@samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives).
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@table @code
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@kindex segm
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@item segm
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@kindex .z8001
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@itemx .z8001
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Generate code for the segmented Z8001.
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@kindex unsegm
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@item unsegm
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@kindex .z8002
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@itemx .z8002
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Generate code for the unsegmented Z8002.
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@kindex name
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@item name
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Synonym for @code{.file}
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@kindex global
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@item global
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Synonym for @code{.global}
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@kindex wval
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@item wval
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Synonym for @code{.word}
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@kindex lval
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@item lval
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Synonym for @code{.long}
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@kindex bval
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@item bval
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Synonym for @code{.byte}
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@kindex sval
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@item sval
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Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by
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single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive
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addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where
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@var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the
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character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to
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describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string
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literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a =
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"he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language
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(shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as
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@iftex
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@begingroup
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@let@nonarrowing=@comment
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@end iftex
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@smallexample
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68652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00'
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61696420
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22697427
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73203530
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25206F66
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662200
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@end smallexample
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@iftex
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@endgroup
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@end iftex
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@kindex rsect
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@item rsect
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synonym for @code{.section}
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@kindex block
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@item block
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synonym for @code{.space}
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@kindex even
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@item even
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special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary.
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@end table
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@node Z8000 Opcodes
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@section Opcodes
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@cindex Z8000 opcode summary
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@cindex opcode summary, Z8000
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@cindex mnemonics, Z8000
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@cindex instruction summary, Z8000
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For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see
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@cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}.
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@ifset SMALL
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@c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly
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@c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file.
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The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments:
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@iftex
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@begingroup
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@let@nonarrowing=@comment
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@end iftex
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@smallexample
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rs @r{16 bit source register}
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rd @r{16 bit destination register}
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rbs @r{8 bit source register}
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rbd @r{8 bit destination register}
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rrs @r{32 bit source register}
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rrd @r{32 bit destination register}
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rqs @r{64 bit source register}
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rqd @r{64 bit destination register}
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addr @r{16/24 bit address}
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imm @r{immediate data}
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adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc
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adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc
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add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd
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add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7
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add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1
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add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1
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add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1
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addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1
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addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1
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addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1
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addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1
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addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1
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addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2
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addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs
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addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr
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addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs)
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addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16
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and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs
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and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs
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and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr
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and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs)
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and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32
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andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs
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andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7
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andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2
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andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs
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andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr
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bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs)
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bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs
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bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs
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bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr
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bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs)
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bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs
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bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8
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bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8
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bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8
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bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8
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bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd
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call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd
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call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd
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call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt
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calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs
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clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16
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clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs
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clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16
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clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1
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clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1
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inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs)
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inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16
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incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs
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incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs
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incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr
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incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs)
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ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32
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indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs
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inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd
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inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr
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iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd)
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jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd
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jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd
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jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr
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jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd)
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ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd
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ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop
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ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs
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ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr
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ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs)
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ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16
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ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs
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ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs
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ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr
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ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs)
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ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8
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ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs
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ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs
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ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs
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ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs
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lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs
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lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra
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lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba
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lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra
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ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra
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ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs
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ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs
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ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs
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ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs
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ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs
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ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs
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ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs
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ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs
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ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs
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ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr
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ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs)
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ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16
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push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32
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pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs
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pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd
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pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd
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pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd
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res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr
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res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd)
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res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd
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res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd
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res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr
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resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd)
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resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd
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resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd
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resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr
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resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd)
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resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd
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ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba
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rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba
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rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr
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rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr
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rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr
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rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr
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rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr
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rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr
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rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd
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rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr
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rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd)
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rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd
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rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd
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rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr
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rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd)
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rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd
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rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs
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rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr
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rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs)
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sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16
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sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs
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sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs
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sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr
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sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs)
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sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8
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sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs
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sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs
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sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs
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set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr
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set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs)
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@end smallexample
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@iftex
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@endgroup
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@end iftex
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@end ifset
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