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15 KiB
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<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.1, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
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<head>
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<title>Installing GCC</title>
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<meta name="description" content="Installing GCC">
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<meta name="keywords" content="Installing GCC">
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<h1 class="settitle" align="center">Installing GCC</h1>
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<a name="index-Prerequisites"></a>
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<p>GCC requires that various tools and packages be available for use in the
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build procedure. Modifying GCC sources requires additional tools
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described below.
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</p>
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<a name="Tools_002fpackages-necessary-for-building-GCC"></a>
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<h3 class="heading">Tools/packages necessary for building GCC</h3>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt>ISO C++98 compiler</dt>
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<dd><p>Necessary to bootstrap GCC, although versions of GCC prior
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to 4.8 also allow bootstrapping with a ISO C89 compiler and versions
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of GCC prior to 3.4 also allow bootstrapping with a traditional
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(K&R) C compiler.
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</p>
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<p>To build all languages in a cross-compiler or other configuration where
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3-stage bootstrap is not performed, you need to start with an existing
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GCC binary (version 3.4 or later) because source code for language
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frontends other than C might use GCC extensions.
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</p>
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<p>Note that to bootstrap GCC with versions of GCC earlier than 3.4, you
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may need to use <samp>--disable-stage1-checking</samp>, though
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bootstrapping the compiler with such earlier compilers is strongly
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discouraged.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>C standard library and headers</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>In order to build GCC, the C standard library and headers must be present
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for all target variants for which target libraries will be built (and not
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only the variant of the host C++ compiler).
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</p>
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<p>This affects the popular ‘<samp>x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu</samp>’ platform (among
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other multilib targets), for which 64-bit (‘<samp>x86_64</samp>’) and 32-bit
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(‘<samp>i386</samp>’) libc headers are usually packaged separately. If you do a
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build of a native compiler on ‘<samp>x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu</samp>’, make sure you
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either have the 32-bit libc developer package properly installed (the exact
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name of the package depends on your distro) or you must build GCC as a
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64-bit only compiler by configuring with the option
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<samp>--disable-multilib</samp>. Otherwise, you may encounter an error such as
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‘<samp>fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file</samp>’
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNAT</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>In order to build the Ada compiler (GNAT) you must already have GNAT
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installed because portions of the Ada frontend are written in Ada (with
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GNAT extensions.) Refer to the Ada installation instructions for more
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specific information.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>A “working” POSIX compatible shell, or GNU bash</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when running <code>configure</code> because some
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<code>/bin/sh</code> shells have bugs and may crash when configuring the
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target libraries. In other cases, <code>/bin/sh</code> or <code>ksh</code>
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have disastrous corner-case performance problems. This
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can cause target <code>configure</code> runs to literally take days to
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complete in some cases.
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</p>
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<p>So on some platforms <code>/bin/ksh</code> is sufficient, on others it
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isn’t. See the host/target specific instructions for your platform, or
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use <code>bash</code> to be sure. Then set <code>CONFIG_SHELL</code> in your
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environment to your “good” shell prior to running
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<code>configure</code>/<code>make</code>.
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</p>
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<p><code>zsh</code> is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not
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work when configuring GCC.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>A POSIX or SVR4 awk</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary for creating some of the generated source files for GCC.
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If in doubt, use a recent GNU awk version, as some of the older ones
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are broken. GNU awk version 3.1.5 is known to work.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU binutils</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary in some circumstances, optional in others. See the
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host/target specific instructions for your platform for the exact
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requirements.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>gzip version 1.2.4 (or later) or</dt>
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<dt>bzip2 version 1.0.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to uncompress GCC <code>tar</code> files when source code is
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obtained via FTP mirror sites.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU make version 3.80 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>You must have GNU make installed to build GCC.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU tar version 1.14 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary (only on some platforms) to untar the source code. Many
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systems’ <code>tar</code> programs will also work, only try GNU
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<code>tar</code> if you have problems.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Perl version 5.6.1 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when targeting Darwin, building ‘<samp>libstdc++</samp>’,
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and not using <samp>--disable-symvers</samp>.
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Necessary when targeting Solaris 2 with Sun <code>ld</code> and not using
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<samp>--disable-symvers</samp>. The bundled <code>perl</code> in Solaris 8
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and up works.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary when regenerating <samp>Makefile</samp> dependencies in libiberty.
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Necessary when regenerating <samp>libiberty/functions.texi</samp>.
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Necessary when generating manpages from Texinfo manuals.
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Used by various scripts to generate some files included in SVN (mainly
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Unicode-related and rarely changing) from source tables.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>jar</code>, or InfoZIP (<code>zip</code> and <code>unzip</code>)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build libgcj, the GCJ runtime.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>Several support libraries are necessary to build GCC, some are required,
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others optional. While any sufficiently new version of required tools
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usually work, library requirements are generally stricter. Newer
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versions may work in some cases, but it’s safer to use the exact
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versions documented. We appreciate bug reports about problems with
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newer versions, though. If your OS vendor provides packages for the
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support libraries then using those packages may be the simplest way to
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install the libraries.
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</p>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt>GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.3.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC. If a GMP source distribution is found in a
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subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>gmp</samp>, it will be built
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together with GCC. Alternatively, if GMP is already installed but it
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is not in your library search path, you will have to configure with the
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<samp>--with-gmp</samp> configure option. See also <samp>--with-gmp-lib</samp>
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and <samp>--with-gmp-include</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>MPFR Library version 2.4.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
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<a href="http://www.mpfr.org/">http://www.mpfr.org/</a>. If an MPFR source distribution is found
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in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>mpfr</samp>, it will be
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built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPFR is already installed
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but it is not in your default library search path, the
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<samp>--with-mpfr</samp> configure option should be used. See also
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<samp>--with-mpfr-lib</samp> and <samp>--with-mpfr-include</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>MPC Library version 0.8.1 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
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<a href="http://www.multiprecision.org/">http://www.multiprecision.org/</a>. If an MPC source distribution
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is found in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>mpc</samp>, it
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will be built together with GCC. Alternatively, if MPC is already
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installed but it is not in your default library search path, the
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<samp>--with-mpc</samp> configure option should be used. See also
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<samp>--with-mpc-lib</samp> and <samp>--with-mpc-include</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>isl Library version 0.16, 0.15, or 0.14.</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC with the Graphite loop optimizations.
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It can be downloaded from <a href="ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/">ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/</a>.
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If an isl source distribution is found
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in a subdirectory of your GCC sources named <samp>isl</samp>, it will be
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built together with GCC. Alternatively, the <samp>--with-isl</samp> configure
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option should be used if isl is not installed in your default library
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search path.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<a name="Tools_002fpackages-necessary-for-modifying-GCC"></a>
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<h3 class="heading">Tools/packages necessary for modifying GCC</h3>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt>autoconf version 2.64</dt>
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<dt>GNU m4 version 1.4.6 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying <samp>configure.ac</samp>, <samp>aclocal.m4</samp>, etc.
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to regenerate <samp>configure</samp> and <samp>config.in</samp> files.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>automake version 1.11.6</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying a <samp>Makefile.am</samp> file to regenerate its
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associated <samp>Makefile.in</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Much of GCC does not use automake, so directly edit the <samp>Makefile.in</samp>
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file. Specifically this applies to the <samp>gcc</samp>, <samp>intl</samp>,
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<samp>libcpp</samp>, <samp>libiberty</samp>, <samp>libobjc</samp> directories as well
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as any of their subdirectories.
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</p>
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<p>For directories that use automake, GCC requires the latest release in
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the 1.11 series, which is currently 1.11.6. When regenerating a directory
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to a newer version, please update all the directories using an older 1.11
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to the latest released version.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>gettext version 0.14.5 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Needed to regenerate <samp>gcc.pot</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>gperf version 2.7.2 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying <code>gperf</code> input files, e.g.
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<samp>gcc/cp/cfns.gperf</samp> to regenerate its associated header file, e.g.
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<samp>gcc/cp/cfns.h</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>DejaGnu 1.4.4</dt>
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<dt>Expect</dt>
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<dt>Tcl</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to run the GCC testsuite; see the section on testing for
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details. Tcl 8.6 has a known regression in RE pattern handling that
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make parts of the testsuite fail. See
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<a href="http://core.tcl.tk/tcl/tktview/267b7e2334ee2e9de34c4b00d6e72e2f1997085f">http://core.tcl.tk/tcl/tktview/267b7e2334ee2e9de34c4b00d6e72e2f1997085f</a>
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for more information. This bug has been fixed in 8.6.1.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>autogen version 5.5.4 (or later) and</dt>
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<dt>guile version 1.4.1 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to regenerate <samp>fixinc/fixincl.x</samp> from
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<samp>fixinc/inclhack.def</samp> and <samp>fixinc/*.tpl</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to run ‘<samp>make check</samp>’ for <samp>fixinc</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to regenerate the top level <samp>Makefile.in</samp> file from
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<samp>Makefile.tpl</samp> and <samp>Makefile.def</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Flex version 2.5.4 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when modifying <samp>*.l</samp> files.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated output
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files are not included in the SVN repository. They are included in
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releases.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Texinfo version 4.7 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary for running <code>makeinfo</code> when modifying <samp>*.texi</samp>
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files to test your changes.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary for running <code>make dvi</code> or <code>make pdf</code> to
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create printable documentation in DVI or PDF format. Texinfo version
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4.8 or later is required for <code>make pdf</code>.
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</p>
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<p>Necessary to build GCC documentation during development because the
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generated output files are not included in the SVN repository. They are
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included in releases.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>TeX (any working version)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary for running <code>texi2dvi</code> and <code>texi2pdf</code>, which
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are used when running <code>make dvi</code> or <code>make pdf</code> to create
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DVI or PDF files, respectively.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Sphinx version 1.0 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to regenerate <samp>jit/docs/_build/texinfo</samp> from the <samp>.rst</samp>
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files in the directories below <samp>jit/docs</samp>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>SVN (any version)</dt>
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<dt>SSH (any version)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary to access the SVN repository. Public releases and weekly
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snapshots of the development sources are also available via FTP.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>GNU diffutils version 2.7 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Useful when submitting patches for the GCC source code.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>patch version 2.5.4 (or later)</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Necessary when applying patches, created with <code>diff</code>, to one’s
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own sources.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>ecj1</dt>
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<dt>gjavah</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>If you wish to modify <samp>.java</samp> files in libjava, you will need to
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configure with <samp>--enable-java-maintainer-mode</samp>, and you will need
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to have executables named <code>ecj1</code> and <code>gjavah</code> in your path.
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The <code>ecj1</code> executable should run the Eclipse Java compiler via
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the GCC-specific entry point. You can download a suitable jar from
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<a href="ftp://sourceware.org/pub/java/">ftp://sourceware.org/pub/java/</a>, or by running the script
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<code>contrib/download_ecj</code>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>antlr.jar version 2.7.1 (or later)</dt>
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<dt>antlr binary</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>If you wish to build the <code>gjdoc</code> binary in libjava, you will
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need to have an <samp>antlr.jar</samp> library available. The library is
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searched for in system locations but can be specified with
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<samp>--with-antlr-jar=</samp> instead. When configuring with
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<samp>--enable-java-maintainer-mode</samp>, you will need to have one of
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the executables named <code>cantlr</code>, <code>runantlr</code> or
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<code>antlr</code> in your path.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr />
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<p>
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<p><a href="./index.html">Return to the GCC Installation page</a>
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</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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