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Merge pull request #143 from greg-king5/basic-stub

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Support Atmos command line
This commit is contained in:
Oliver Schmidt 2015-01-10 23:46:43 +01:00
commit 6b3083053c
5 changed files with 140 additions and 50 deletions
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21
cfg/atmos.cfg
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@ -1,22 +1,31 @@
SYMBOLS {
__STACKSIZE__: type = weak, value = $0800; # 2k stack
__TAPEHDR__: type = import;
__BASHDR__: type = import;
__PROGFLAG__: type = weak, value = $00; # $00=BASIC, $80=machine code
__AUTORUN__: type = weak, value = $00; # $00=only load, $C7=run
__STACKSIZE__: type = weak, value = $0800; # 2K stack
__GRAB__: type = weak, value = 0; # 0=don't grab graphics RAM, 1=grab graphics RAM
__RAMEND__: type = weak, value = $9800 + $1C00 * __GRAB__;
}
MEMORY {
ZP: file = "", define = yes, start = $00E2, size = $001A;
TAPEHDR: file = %O, type = ro, start = $0000, size = $0011;
RAM: file = %O, define = yes, start = $0500, size = $9300 - __STACKSIZE__;
TAPEHDR: file = %O, type = ro, start = $0000, size = $001F;
BASHEAD: file = %O, define = yes, start = $0501, size = $000D;
RAM: file = %O, define = yes, start = __BASHEAD_LAST__, size = __RAMEND__ - __RAM_START__ - __STACKSIZE__;
}
SEGMENTS {
ZEROPAGE: load = ZP, type = zp;
TAPEHDR: load = TAPEHDR, type = ro;
BASHDR: load = BASHEAD, type = ro, define = yes, optional = yes;
STARTUP: load = RAM, type = ro;
LOWCODE: load = RAM, type = ro, optional = yes;
INIT: load = RAM, type = ro, define = yes, optional = yes;
CODE: load = RAM, type = ro;
RODATA: load = RAM, type = ro;
INIT: load = RAM, type = ro, define = yes, optional = yes;
DATA: load = RAM, type = rw;
ZPSAVE: load = RAM, type = bss, define = yes;
ZPSAVE1: load = RAM, type = rw, define = yes; # ZPSAVE1, ZPSAVE2 must be together
ZPSAVE2: load = RAM, type = bss; # see "libsrc/atmos/crt0.s"
BSS: load = RAM, type = bss, define = yes;
ZEROPAGE: load = ZP, type = zp;
}
FEATURES {
CONDES: type = constructor,

66
doc/atmos.sgml
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@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
<url url="mailto:uz@cc65.org" name="Ullrich von Bassewitz">,<newline>
<url url="mailto:polluks@sdf.lonestar.org" name="Stefan A. Haubenthal">,<newline>
<url url="mailto:greg.king5@verizon.net" name="Greg King">
<date>2014-03-27
<date>2015-01-09
<abstract>
An overview over the Atmos runtime system as it is implemented for the cc65 C
@ -32,27 +32,39 @@ more than one platform. Please see the function reference for more
information.
<sect>Binary format<p>
The standard binary output format generated by the linker for the Atmos target
is a machine language program with a 17 byte tape header including a cc65 tag.
The standard load and autostart address is &dollar;500.
is a machine language program with a one-line BASIC stub that jumps to the
machine-language part through <tt/CALL/. It has one sacrificial byte attached
to the end (a bug in the Oric ROM means that BASIC can put a variable on top
of the last byte that was loaded). It has a 24-byte tape header. A file can
be CLOADed as a BASIC program, and started by typing <tt/RUN/. The standard
load address is &dollar;501.
<sect>Memory layout<p>
In the standard setup, cc65 generated programs use the memory from
&dollar;500 to &dollar;9800, so nearly 37K of memory (including the stack) is
In the standard setup, cc65-generated programs use the memory from
&dollar;0501 to &dollar;9800; so, nearly 37K of memory (including the stack) is
available. ROM calls are possible without further precautions.
If your program needs more memory, and it won't use TGI graphics, then you can
use the ld65 command-line option, <tt/-D __GRAB__=1/, when building the
program, to include the graphics screen RAM. Then, nearly 44K of memory
(&dollar;0501 to &dollar;B400) is available.
Special locations:
<descrip>
<tag/Stack/
The C runtime stack is located at &dollar;97FF and growing downwards.
The C runtime stack is located at &dollar;97FF (or &dollar;B3FF), and grows
downwards.
<tag/Heap/
The C heap is located at the end of the program and grows towards the C
The C heap is located at the end of the program, and grows towards the C
runtime stack.
</descrip><p>
@ -90,7 +102,7 @@ structures; accessing the struct fields will access the chip registers.
<descrip>
<tag><tt/VIA/</tag>
Access to the VIA (versatile interface adapter) chip is available via the
Access to the VIA (Versatile Interface Adapter) chip is available via the
<tt/VIA/ variable. The structure behind this variable is explained in <tt/_6522.h/.
</descrip><p>
@ -117,7 +129,8 @@ The names in the parentheses denote the symbols to be used for static linking of
<sect1>Graphics drivers<p>
The default drivers, <tt/tgi_stddrv (tgi_static_stddrv)/, point to <tt/atmos-240-200-2.tgi (atmos_240_200_2_tgi)/.
The default drivers, <tt/tgi_stddrv (tgi_static_stddrv)/,
point to <tt/atmos-240-200-2.tgi (atmos_240_200_2_tgi)/.
<descrip>
@ -175,13 +188,14 @@ No mouse drivers are currently available for the Atmos.
<sect1>Disk I/O<p>
The existing library for the Atmos doesn't implement C file
I/O. There are hacks for the <tt/read()/ and <tt/write()/ routines in
place, which will make functions work that read from and write to <tt/stdout/
(like <tt/printf()/). However, those functions have some shortcomings which
won't be fixed, because they're going to be replaced anyway.
The existing library for the Atmos doesn't implement C file I/O. There are
hacks for the <tt/read()/ and <tt/write()/ routines in place, which will make
functions work that read from <tt/stdin/ and write to <tt/stdout/ and
<tt/stderr/ (such as <tt/printf()/). However, those functions have some
shortcomings which won't be fixed, because they're going to be replaced
anyway.
To be more concrete, the limitation means that you cannot use any of the
To be more concrete, that limitation means that you cannot use any of the
following functions (and a few others):
<itemize>
@ -202,7 +216,14 @@ following functions (and a few others):
<sect1>Function keys<p>
These are defined to be FUNCT + number key.
They are defined to be FUNCT + a number key.
<sect1>Capitals lock<p>
The keyboard's "CAPS Lock" mode is turned off while the program is running.
The previous mode (usually, CAPS Lock turned on [because Oric BASIC keywords
must be UPPER-case]) is restored when the program stops.
<sect1>Passing arguments to the program<p>
@ -211,10 +232,12 @@ Command-line arguments can be passed to <tt/main()/. Since that is not
supported directly by BASIC, the following syntax was chosen:
<tscreen><verb>
CALL#500:REM ARG1 " ARG2 IS QUOTED" ARG3 "" ARG5
RUN:REM arg1 " ARG2 IS QUOTED" ARG3 "" ARG5
</verb></tscreen>
<enum>
<item>You must turn <tt/CAPS/ lock off (tap CTRL-T) when you want to type
lower-case arguments (but, <tt/RUN/ and <tt/REM/ must be UPPER-case).
<item>Arguments are separated by spaces.
<item>Arguments may be quoted.
<item>Leading and trailing spaces around an argument are ignored. Spaces within
@ -225,6 +248,15 @@ supported directly by BASIC, the following syntax was chosen:
</enum>
<sect1>Automatic starting<p>
Usually, a cc65-built program just will sit quietly in memory, after it is
CLOADed. It waits for you to start it (by typing BASIC's <tt/RUN/ command).
But, if you want to create a program that will start running immediately after
it is loaded, then you can use the linker command-line option
<tt/-D __AUTORUN__=$C7/.
<sect1>Interrupts<p>
The runtime for the Atmos uses routines marked as <tt/.INTERRUPTOR/ for

24
libsrc/atmos/bashdr.s Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
;
; 2010-11-14, Ullrich von Bassewitz
; 2014-09-06, Greg King
;
; This module supplies a small BASIC stub program that uses CALL
; to jump to the machine-language code that follows it.
;
; The following symbol is used by the linker config. file
; to force this module to be included into the output file.
.export __BASHDR__:abs = 1
.segment "BASHDR"
.addr Next
.word .version ; Line number
.byte $BF,'#' ; CALL token, mark number as hexadecimal
.byte <(Start >> 8 ) + '0' + (Start >> 8 > $09) * $07
.byte <(Start >> 4 & $0F) + '0' + (Start >> 4 & $0F > $09) * $07
.byte <(Start & $0F) + '0' + (Start & $0F > $09) * $07
.byte $00 ; End of BASIC line
Next: .addr $0000 ; BASIC program end marker
Start:

48
libsrc/atmos/crt0.s
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@ -2,39 +2,18 @@
; Startup code for cc65 (Oric version)
;
; By Debrune Jérôme <jede@oric.org> and Ullrich von Bassewitz <uz@cc65.org>
; 2014-08-22, Greg King
; 2015-01-09, Greg King
;
.export _exit
.export __STARTUP__ : absolute = 1 ; Mark as startup
.import initlib, donelib
.import callmain, zerobss
.import __RAM_START__, __RAM_SIZE__
.import __ZPSAVE_LOAD__, __STACKSIZE__
.import __RAM_START__, __RAM_SIZE__, __STACKSIZE__
.include "zeropage.inc"
.include "atmos.inc"
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Oric tape header
.segment "TAPEHDR"
.byte $16, $16, $16 ; Sync bytes
.byte $24 ; End of header marker
.byte $00 ; $2B0
.byte $00 ; $2AF
.byte $80 ; $2AE Machine code flag
.byte $C7 ; $2AD Autoload flag
.dbyt __ZPSAVE_LOAD__ - 1 ; $2AB
.dbyt __RAM_START__ ; $2A9
.byte $00 ; $2A8
.byte ((.VERSION >> 8) & $0F) + '0'
.byte ((.VERSION >> 4) & $0F) + '0'
.byte (.VERSION & $0F) + '0'
.byte $00 ; Zero terminated compiler version
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Place the startup code in a special segment.
@ -52,7 +31,8 @@ L1: lda sp,x
jsr zerobss
; Unprotect screen columns 0 and 1.
; Currently, color isn't supported on the text screen.
; Unprotect screen columns 0 and 1 (where each line's color codes would sit).
lda STATUS
sta stsave
@ -79,7 +59,7 @@ L1: lda sp,x
; Call the module destructors. This is also the exit() entry.
_exit: jsr donelib ; Run module destructors
_exit: jsr donelib
; Restore the system stuff.
@ -102,9 +82,23 @@ L2: lda zpsave,x
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
.segment "ZPSAVE"
.segment "ZPSAVE1"
zpsave: .res zpspace
zpsave:
; This padding is needed by a bug in the ROM.
; (The CLOAD command starts BASIC's variables table on top of the last byte
; that was loaded [instead of at the next address].)
; This is overlaid on a buffer, so that it doesn't use extra space in RAM.
.byte 0
; The segments "ZPSAVE1" and "ZPSAVE2" always must be together.
; They create a single object (the zpsave buffer).
.segment "ZPSAVE2"
.res zpspace - 1
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------

31
libsrc/atmos/tapehdr.s Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
;
; Based on code by Debrune Jérôme <jede@oric.org>
; 2015-01-08, Greg King
;
; The following symbol is used by the linker config. file
; to force this module to be included into the output file.
.export __TAPEHDR__:abs = 1
; These symbols, also, come from the configuration file.
.import __BASHDR_LOAD__, __ZPSAVE1_LOAD__, __AUTORUN__, __PROGFLAG__
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Oric cassette-tape header
.segment "TAPEHDR"
.byte $16, $16, $16 ; Sync bytes
.byte $24 ; Beginning-of-header marker
.byte $00 ; $2B0
.byte $00 ; $2AF
.byte <__PROGFLAG__ ; $2AE Language flag ($00=BASIC, $80=machine code)
.byte <__AUTORUN__ ; $2AD Auto-run flag ($C7=run, $00=only load)
.dbyt __ZPSAVE1_LOAD__ ;$2AB Address of end of file
.dbyt __BASHDR_LOAD__ ; $2A9 Address of start of file
.byte $00 ; $2A8
; File name (a maximum of 17 characters), zero-terminated
.asciiz .sprintf("%u", .time)