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261 lines
8.9 KiB
Plaintext
261 lines
8.9 KiB
Plaintext
<!doctype linuxdoc system>
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<article>
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<title>Oric Telestrat-specific information for cc65
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<author>
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<url url="mailto:jede@oric.org" name="Jede">
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<abstract>
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An overview over the Telestrat (Telemon 2.4 & Telemon 3.x : http://orix.oric.org) runtime system as it is implemented for the cc65 C compiler.
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</abstract>
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<!-- Table of contents -->
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<toc>
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<!-- Begin the document -->
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<sect>Overview<p>
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This file contains an overview of the Telestrat runtime system as it comes
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with the cc65 C compiler. It describes the memory layout, Telestrat-specific
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header files, available drivers, and any pitfalls specific to that platform.
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Please note that Telestrat-specific functions are just mentioned here, they are
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described in detail in the separate <url url="funcref.html" name="function
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reference">. Even functions marked as "platform dependent" may be available on
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more than one platform. Please see the function reference for more
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information.
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Oric Telestrat is the last Oric computer (Released in 1986, mainly in France).
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This computer is an Atmos with extra hardware: RS232, cardridge(banking system),
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joysticks (2 ports) or mouse (on joystick port), FDC.
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Video chip, CPU, keyboard management, tape hardware are the same than Atmos.
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Telestrat can start in Atmos mode with Atmos Cardridge (which is only the atmos
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Basic 1.1 ROM).
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Telestrat can start in Sedoric (Atmos OS) and Atmos mode with Stratoric Cardridge.
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This Cardridge has 3 banks of 16KB of rom with:
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<itemize>
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<item>a Sedoric ROM.
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<item>a Basic 1.1 ROM (Atmos).
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<item>a Basic 1.0 ROM (Oric-1).
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</itemize>
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The main Telestrat's configuration is the Telemon/Hyperbasic Cardridge inserted
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with Stratsed in floppy drive.
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Anyway, there is no way to load a tape file in Telemon/Hyperbasic mode without
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alternative program.
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There is also no software to write a Stratsed dsk file on PC.
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This Telestrat target build an Orix binary file. But, in the future, it will be possible
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to build a Stratsed disk. Orix uses the same systems calls than Telemon mode.
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That is why if you need to do software for telestrat target, you have the choice to:
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<itemize>
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<item>use cc65 Atmos target and start Telestrat in Atmos mode: A tape file is required.
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<item>use cc65 Atmos target and start Telestrat in Stratoric mode: A dsk file or tape file is required.
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<item>use cc65 Telestrat target and start Telestrat in Orix mode (see <url
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name="here" url="http://orix.oric.org/download/">).
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<item>use cc65 Telestrat target, remove Orix header from binary, code a dsk tool for Stratsed,
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add Stratsed header on your binary,insert your binary on floppy disk (this solution will be possible is the future).
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</itemize>
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Telestrat (from cardridge) can handle 8 banks (from $C000 to $FFFF): Bank 0 is the overlay ram. Others banks can be ROM or RAM.
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<sect>Binary format<p>
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The standard binary output format generated the linker for the Telestrat
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target is a machine language program with a 20 bytes header described <url
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name="here" url="http://orix.oric.org/orix-header/">
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This header is used for Telemon 3.0.
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Anyway, for Telemon 2.4, there is no file management, there is no TAPE routine
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in Telemon, there is no way to load a binary easily.
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Stratsed (the Telestrat operating system) handles files management. Stratsed
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is loaded to memory from floppy disk. Stratsed vector are declared in asminc/telestrat.inc.
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But, reverse engineering is required to find how these vectors works. Please, note that
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Stratsed is located in overlay memory (bank 0)
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There is no tool to insert a binary in a Stratsed floppy disk.
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The only way to load a binary (for Telemon 2.4) is to:
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<itemize>
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<item>remove the 20 bytes header
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<item>download <url name="osdk" url="http://osdk.defence-force.org/index?page=download">
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<item>use Floppybuilder in OSDK to insert the binary with the tool (please read
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FloppyBuilder manual to learn how to insert your binary and how to start Microdisc boot sector
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when Telestrat starts)
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</itemize>
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Please note also, that the binary converted into TAP file, will not produce
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a right stratsed file when tap2dsk and old2mfm are used. You will be in the
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case that Telestrat/Stratsed crashed when you do "DIR" command.
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If you know the Stratsed disk format, please contact the author of this doc.
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<sect>Memory layout<p>
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In the standard setup, cc65-generated programs use the memory from
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$0801 to $9800; so, nearly 37K of memory (including the stack) is
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available. ROM calls are possible with BRK feature.
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Special locations:
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<descrip>
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<tag/Stack/
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The C runtime stack is located at $97FF (or $B3FF), and grows
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downwards.
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<tag/Heap/
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The C heap is located at the end of the program, and grows towards the C
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runtime stack.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect>Platform-specific header files<p>
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Programs containing Telestrat-specific code may use the <tt/telestrat.h/ header file.
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<sect1>Telestrat-specific functions<p>
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The functions listed below are special for the Telestrat. See the <url
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url="funcref.html" name="function reference"> for declaration and usage.
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<itemize>
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<item>explode
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<item>ping
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<item>shoot
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<item>zap
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<item>oups
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</itemize>
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<sect1>Hardware access<p>
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The following pseudo variables declared in the <tt/telestrat.h/ header file do allow
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access to hardware located in the address space. Some variables are
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structures; accessing the struct fields will access the chip registers.
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<descrip>
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<tag><tt/VIA/</tag>
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Access to the VIA (Versatile Interface Adapter) chip is available via the
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<tt/VIA/ variable. The structure behind this variable is explained in <tt/_6522.h/.
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<tag><tt/VIA2/</tag>
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Access to the VIA2 (Versatile Interface Adapter) chip is available via the
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<tt/VIA2/ variable. The structure behind this variable is explained in <tt/_6522.h/.
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<tag><tt/ACIA/</tag>
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Access to the 6551 ACIA chip is available via the
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<tt/ACIA/ variable. The structure behind this variable is explained in <tt/_6551.h/.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect>Loadable drivers<p>
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<sect1>TGI<p>
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TGI drivers is available on Oric Telestrat with some functions:
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<itemize>
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<item>tgi_clear
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<item>tgi_done
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<item>tgi_init
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<item>tgi_install
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<item>tgi_line
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<item>tgi_outtext
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<item>tgi_setpixel
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</itemize>
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<sect1>Extended memory drivers<p>
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No extended memory drivers are currently available for the Telestrat.
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This feature could be done because telestrat can manage RAM inserted in his
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port cardridge.
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<sect1>Joystick drivers<p>
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Telemon 2.4 returns in keyboard buffer the direction of the joysticks. This means that
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if you get input from keyboard by conio cgetc function, you will get direction from joysticks.
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Anyway, if you don't want to use ROM, you can use joysticks standard drivers in your code.
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The standard driver manages two joysticks. Only one button is managed for these joysticks.
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Telestrat can handle one button for the left port, and three buttons for the right port (but this port was designed for a mouse).
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If you find a Telestrat mouse (which is almost impossible :), these driver will work too because there is some extra hardware in the mouse to send direction.
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<sect1>Mouse drivers<p>
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Telestrat manages also mouse (Joystick port)
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Telestrat mouse is really difficult to find.
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<sect1>RS232 device drivers<p>
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Telestrat has a RS232 port, but it's not usable in cc65. It is possible to use
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RS232 port with Telemon calls (see XSOUT primitive for example)
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<sect>Limitations<label id="limitations"><p>
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<sect1>Disk I/O<p>
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Telemon 3.0 handles fopen, fread, fclose primitives. It means that this
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function will crash the Telestrat because Telemon 2.4 does not have these
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primitives. By the way, Telemon 3.0 uses an extension "ch376 card" which
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handles sdcard and FAT 32 usb key. In the next version of Telemon, FT DOS,
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Sedoric, Stratsed will be handled in these 3 primitives (fopen, fread, fclose).
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<itemize>
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<item>fclose
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<item>fopen
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<item>fread
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</itemize>
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<sect1>conio<p>
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Functions textcolor and bgcolor are available only with Telemon 3.0 (Orix).
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Telemon 2.4 primitives can't handle any change of colors in text mode except with XINK or
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XPAPER primitives which put on the first and second columns ink and paper attributes.
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The only way to change color on the same line for text is to handle it in pure assembly
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without systems calls.
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<sect>Other hints<p>
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<sect>License<p>
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This software is provided 'as-is', without any expressed or implied
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warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
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arising from the use of this software.
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Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
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including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
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freely, subject to the following restrictions:
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<enum>
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<item> The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
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claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
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in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
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appreciated but is not required.
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<item> Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
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be misrepresented as being the original software.
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<item> This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
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distribution.
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</enum>
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</article>
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