foco65/README.md
2014-07-21 21:25:25 +02:00

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foco65
======
Forth cross-compiler targeting 6502 processors. It needs a 6502
cross-assembler (e.g. [xasm](https://github.com/pfusik/xasm)) as a backend.
Usage
-----
```sh
foco65 [OPTIONS] INPUT-FILE
```
OPTIONS:
-h display help
-p ADDR,--pstack-bottom=ADDR parameter stack bottom address
-s SECTS,--sections=SECTS specify comma separated list of sections
default: init,boot,data,code
-S INT,--pstack-SIZE=INT parameter stack size
Example:
```sh
$ foco65 foo.forth > foo.asx
```
Words
-----
`:` `@` `0=` `1-` `1+` `2/` `2*` `2@` `2!` `and` `c!` `c@` `cmove` `count` `d-` `d+` `d=` `do` `drop` `dup` `i` `j` `loop`
`+loop` `lshift` `<=` `<` `>=` `>` `-` `+` `or` `over` `rshift` `rsp` `sp` `swap` `unloop` `u<` `u>` `while` `<>`
`=` `!` `[` `]` `[code]` `[end-code]` `cell` `cells` `not` `[section]` `variable` `2variable`
`constant` `create` `,` `c,` `,'` `'` `,"` `"` `allot` `lit` `\` `(` `recursive` `[label]` `*` `/`
Internals
---------
Type: indirect-threaded.
Cell size is 16 bits.
Parameter stack pointer is kept in register `X`.
Parameter stack pointer is decremented before write (stack push) and
incremented after read (stack pop).
Hardware stack (page $01) is used as return stack.
Instruction pointer and other work registers are kept in
page zero occupying total of 12 bytes.
After initializing interpreter internal state user-defined word
`main` is executed.
Generated code is placed into sections which are output in the
order: `init`, `boot`, `data`, `code` or other - specified by the user.
Examples
--------
Atari XL/XE executable skeleton. Uses xasm a a backend.
<pre><code>
[section] init
[code]
org $2000
[end-code]
[section] code
: main
begin
...
again ;
[code]
run boot
[end-code]
</code></pre>
Atari XL/XE example: display character table as 16x16 array.
Uses xasm as a backend.
<pre><code>
[section] init
[code]
org $3000
[end-code]
[section] code
$230 constant dladr
variable screen
variable cursor
variable line
: cursor-next ( -- u )
cursor @ dup 1+ cursor ! ;
: put-char ( c -- )
cursor-next c! ;
: set-cursor ( u -- )
screen @ + cursor ! ;
: main
dladr @ 4 + @ screen !
0 line !
16 0 do
line @ set-cursor
line @ 40 + line !
16 0 do
i j 4 lshift or put-char
loop
loop
begin again ;
[code]
run boot
[end-code]
</code></pre>
Atari XL/XE example of defining word in assembly:
wait for keypress and push the pressed key's code
on the parameter stack.
<pre><code>
: get-char ( -- c )
[code]
lda #0
dex
sta pstack,x
stx w
jsr do_gc
ldx w
dex
sta pstack,x
jmp next
do_gc
lda $E425
pha
lda $E424
pha
rts
[end-code] ;
</code></pre>
Increase cell at the given address. Shows defining words not
being a valid assembler label.
<pre><code>
create array 16 cells allot
: ++ ( addr -- )
[label] plus_plus
dup @ 1+ swap ! ;
...
array ++
array 1 cell + ++
...
</code></pre>