Fixes PR18753 and PR18782.
This is necessary for LICM to preserve LCSSA correctly and efficiently.
There is still some active discussion about whether we should be using
LCSSA, but we can't just immediately stop using it and we *need* LICM to
preserve it while we are using it. We can restore the old SSAUpdater
driven code if and when there is a serious effort to remove the reliance
on LCSSA from all of the loop passes.
However, this also serves as a great example of why LCSSA is very nice
to have. This change significantly simplifies the process of sinking
instructions for LICM, and makes it quite a bit less expensive.
It wouldn't even be as complex as it is except that I had to start the
process of removing the big recursive LCSSA formation hammer in order to
switch even this much of the re-forming code to asserting that LCSSA was
preserved. I'll fully remove that next just to tidy things up until the
LCSSA debate settles one way or the other.
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The addressing mode matcher checks at some point the profitability of folding an
instruction into the addressing mode. When the instruction to be folded has
several uses, it checks that the instruction can be folded in each use.
To do so, it creates a new matcher for each use and check if the instruction is
in the list of the matched instructions of this new matcher.
The new matchers may promote some instructions and this has to be undone to keep
the state of the original matcher consistent.
A test case will follow.
<rdar://problem/16020230>
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The bitcast instruction during constant materialization was not placed correcly
in the presence of phi nodes. This commit fixes the insertion point to be in the
idom instead.
This fixes PR18768
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This fix first traverses the whole use list of the constant expression and
keeps track of the instructions that need to be updated. Then perform the
fixup afterwards.
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mode.
Basically the idea is to transform code like this:
%idx = add nsw i32 %a, 1
%sextidx = sext i32 %idx to i64
%gep = gep i8* %myArray, i64 %sextidx
load i8* %gep
Into:
%sexta = sext i32 %a to i64
%idx = add nsw i64 %sexta, 1
%gep = gep i8* %myArray, i64 %idx
load i8* %gep
That way the computation can be folded into the addressing mode.
This transformation is done as part of the addressing mode matcher.
If the matching fails (not profitable, addressing mode not legal, etc.), the
matcher will revert the related promotions.
<rdar://problem/15519855>
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Ideally only those transform passes that run at -O0 remain enabled,
in reality we get as close as we reasonably can.
Passes are responsible for disabling themselves, it's not the job of
the pass manager to do it for them.
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No functional change. Updated loops from:
for (I = scc_begin(), E = scc_end(); I != E; ++I)
to:
for (I = scc_begin(); !I.isAtEnd(); ++I)
for teh win.
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LCSSA when we promote to SSA registers inside of LICM.
Currently, this is actually necessary. The promotion logic in LICM uses
SSAUpdater which doesn't understand how to place LCSSA PHI nodes.
Teaching it to do so would be a very significant undertaking. It may be
worthwhile and I've left a FIXME about this in the code as well as
starting a thread on llvmdev to try to figure out the right long-term
solution.
For now, the PR needs to be fixed. Short of using the promition
SSAUpdater to place both the LCSSA PHI nodes and the promoted PHI nodes,
I don't see a cleaner or cheaper way of achieving this. Fortunately,
LCSSA is relatively lazy and sparse -- it should only update
instructions which need it. We can also skip the recursive variant when
we don't promote to SSA values.
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preserve loop simplify of enclosing loops.
The problem here starts with LoopRotation which ends up cloning code out
of the latch into the new preheader it is buidling. This can create
a new edge from the preheader into the exit block of the loop which
breaks LoopSimplify form. The code tries to fix this by splitting the
critical edge between the latch and the exit block to get a new exit
block that only the latch dominates. This sadly isn't sufficient.
The exit block may be an exit block for multiple nested loops. When we
clone an edge from the latch of the inner loop to the new preheader
being built in the outer loop, we create an exiting edge from the outer
loop to this exit block. Despite breaking the LoopSimplify form for the
inner loop, this is fine for the outer loop. However, when we split the
edge from the inner loop to the exit block, we create a new block which
is in neither the inner nor outer loop as the new exit block. This is
a predecessor to the old exit block, and so the split itself takes the
outer loop out of LoopSimplify form. We need to split every edge
entering the exit block from inside a loop nested more deeply than the
exit block in order to preserve all of the loop simplify constraints.
Once we try to do that, a problem with splitting critical edges
surfaces. Previously, we tried a very brute force to update LoopSimplify
form by re-computing it for all exit blocks. We don't need to do this,
and doing this much will sometimes but not always overlap with the
LoopRotate bug fix. Instead, the code needs to specifically handle the
cases which can start to violate LoopSimplify -- they aren't that
common. We need to see if the destination of the split edge was a loop
exit block in simplified form for the loop of the source of the edge.
For this to be true, all the predecessors need to be in the exact same
loop as the source of the edge being split. If the dest block was
originally in this form, we have to split all of the deges back into
this loop to recover it. The old mechanism of doing this was
conservatively correct because at least *one* of the exiting blocks it
rewrote was the DestBB and so the DestBB's predecessors were fixed. But
this is a much more targeted way of doing it. Making it targeted is
important, because ballooning the set of edges touched prevents
LoopRotate from being able to split edges *it* needs to split to
preserve loop simplify in a coherent way -- the critical edge splitting
would sometimes find the other edges in need of splitting but not
others.
Many, *many* thanks for help from Nick reducing these test cases
mightily. And helping lots with the analysis here as this one was quite
tricky to track down.
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because of the inside-out run of LoopSimplify in the LoopPassManager and
the fact that LoopSimplify couldn't be "preserved" across two
independent LoopPassManagers.
Anyways, in that case, IndVars wasn't correctly preserving an LCSSA PHI
node because it thought it was rewriting (via SCEV) the incoming value
to a loop invariant value. While it may well be invariant for the
current loop, it may be rewritten in terms of an enclosing loop's
values. This in and of itself is fine, as the LCSSA PHI node in the
enclosing loop for the inner loop value we're rewriting will have its
own LCSSA PHI node if used outside of the enclosing loop. With me so
far?
Well, the current loop and the enclosing loop may share an exiting
block and exit block, and when they do they also share LCSSA PHI nodes.
In this case, its not valid to RAUW through the LCSSA PHI node.
Expected crazy test included.
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Summary:
I searched Transforms/ and Analysis/ for 'ByVal' and updated those call
sites to check for inalloca if appropriate.
I added tests for any change that would allow an optimization to fire on
inalloca.
Reviewers: nlewycky
Differential Revision: http://llvm-reviews.chandlerc.com/D2449
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the loops in a function, and teach LICM to work in the presance of
LCSSA.
Previously, LCSSA was a loop pass. That made passes requiring it also be
loop passes and unable to depend on function analysis passes easily. It
also caused outer loops to have a different "canonical" form from inner
loops during analysis. Instead, we go into LCSSA form and preserve it
through the loop pass manager run.
Note that this has the same problem as LoopSimplify that prevents
enabling its verification -- loop passes which run at the end of the loop
pass manager and don't preserve these are valid, but the subsequent loop
pass runs of outer loops that do preserve this pass trigger too much
verification and fail because the inner loop no longer verifies.
The other problem this exposed is that LICM was completely unable to
handle LCSSA form. It didn't preserve it and it actually would give up
on moving instructions in many cases when they were used by an LCSSA phi
node. I've taught LICM to support detecting LCSSA-form PHI nodes and to
hoist and sink around them. This may actually let LICM fire
significantly more because we put everything into LCSSA form to rotate
the loop before running LICM. =/ Now LICM should handle that fine and
preserve it correctly. The down side is that LICM has to require LCSSA
in order to preserve it. This is just a fact of life for LCSSA. It's
entirely possible we should completely remove LCSSA from the optimizer.
The test updates are essentially accomodating LCSSA phi nodes in the
output of LICM, and the fact that we now completely sink every
instruction in ashr-crash below the loop bodies prior to unrolling.
With this change, LCSSA is computed only three times in the pass
pipeline. One of them could be removed (and potentially a SCEV run and
a separate LoopPassManager entirely!) if we had a LoopPass variant of
InstCombine that ran InstCombine on the loop body but refused to combine
away LCSSA PHI nodes. Currently, this also prevents loop unrolling from
being in the same loop pass manager is rotate, LICM, and unswitch.
There is one thing that I *really* don't like -- preserving LCSSA in
LICM is quite expensive. We end up having to re-run LCSSA twice for some
loops after LICM runs because LICM can undo LCSSA both in the current
loop and the parent loop. I don't really see good solutions to this
other than to completely move away from LCSSA and using tools like
SSAUpdater instead.
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This reverts commit r200058 and adds the using directive for
ARMTargetTransformInfo to silence two g++ overload warnings.
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This commit caused -Woverloaded-virtual warnings. The two new
TargetTransformInfo::getIntImmCost functions were only added to the superclass,
and to the X86 subclass. The other targets were not updated, and the
warning highlighted this by pointing out that e.g. ARMTTI::getIntImmCost was
hiding the two new getIntImmCost variants.
We could pacify the warning by adding "using TargetTransformInfo::getIntImmCost"
to the various subclasses, or turning it off, but I suspect that it's wrong to
leave the functions unimplemnted in those targets. The default implementations
return TCC_Free, which I don't think is right e.g. for ARM.
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Retry commit r200022 with a fix for the build bot errors. Constant expressions
have (unlike instructions) module scope use lists and therefore may have users
in different functions. The fix is to simply ignore these out-of-function uses.
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This pass identifies expensive constants to hoist and coalesces them to
better prepare it for SelectionDAG-based code generation. This works around the
limitations of the basic-block-at-a-time approach.
First it scans all instructions for integer constants and calculates its
cost. If the constant can be folded into the instruction (the cost is
TCC_Free) or the cost is just a simple operation (TCC_BASIC), then we don't
consider it expensive and leave it alone. This is the default behavior and
the default implementation of getIntImmCost will always return TCC_Free.
If the cost is more than TCC_BASIC, then the integer constant can't be folded
into the instruction and it might be beneficial to hoist the constant.
Similar constants are coalesced to reduce register pressure and
materialization code.
When a constant is hoisted, it is also hidden behind a bitcast to force it to
be live-out of the basic block. Otherwise the constant would be just
duplicated and each basic block would have its own copy in the SelectionDAG.
The SelectionDAG recognizes such constants as opaque and doesn't perform
certain transformations on them, which would create a new expensive constant.
This optimization is only applied to integer constants in instructions and
simple (this means not nested) constant cast experessions. For example:
%0 = load i64* inttoptr (i64 big_constant to i64*)
Reviewed by Eric
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Sweep the codebase for common typos. Includes some changes to visible function
names that were misspelt.
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We completely skipped promotion in LICM if the loop has a preheader or
dedicated exits, but not *both*. We hoist if there is a preheader, and
sink if there are dedicated exits, but either hoisting or sinking can
move loop invariant code out of the loop!
I have no idea if this has a practical consequence. If anyone has ideas
for a test case, let me know.
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function and a FunctionPass.
This has many benefits. The motivating use case was to be able to
compute function analysis passes *after* running LoopSimplify (to avoid
invalidating them) and then to run other passes which require
LoopSimplify. Specifically passes like unrolling and vectorization are
critical to wire up to BranchProbabilityInfo and BlockFrequencyInfo so
that they can be profile aware. For the LoopVectorize pass the only
things in the way are LoopSimplify and LCSSA. This fixes LoopSimplify
and LCSSA is next on my list.
There are also a bunch of other benefits of doing this:
- It is now very feasible to make more passes *preserve* LoopSimplify
because they can simply run it after changing a loop. Because
subsequence passes can assume LoopSimplify is preserved we can reduce
the runs of this pass to the times when we actually mutate a loop
structure.
- The new pass manager should be able to more easily support loop passes
factored in this way.
- We can at long, long last observe that LoopSimplify is preserved
across SCEV. This *halves* the number of times we run LoopSimplify!!!
Now, getting here wasn't trivial. First off, the interfaces used by
LoopSimplify are all over the map regarding how analysis are updated. We
end up with weird "pass" parameters as a consequence. I'll try to clean
at least some of this up later -- I'll have to have it all clean for the
new pass manager.
Next up I discovered a really frustrating bug. LoopUnroll *claims* to
preserve LoopSimplify. That's actually a lie. But the way the
LoopPassManager ends up running the passes, it always ran LoopSimplify
on the unrolled-into loop, rectifying this oversight before any
verification could kick in and point out that in fact nothing was
preserved. So I've added code to the unroller to *actually* simplify the
surrounding loop when it succeeds at unrolling.
The only functional change in the test suite is that we now catch a case
that was previously missed because SCEV and other loop transforms see
their containing loops as simplified and thus don't miss some
opportunities. One test case has been converted to check that we catch
this case rather than checking that we miss it but at least don't get
the wrong answer.
Note that I have #if-ed out all of the verification logic in
LoopSimplify! This is a temporary workaround while extracting these bits
from the LoopPassManager. Currently, there is no way to have a pass in
the LoopPassManager which preserves LoopSimplify along with one which
does not. The LPM will try to verify on each loop in the nest that
LoopSimplify holds but the now-Function-pass cannot distinguish what
loop is being verified and so must try to verify all of them. The inner
most loop is clearly no longer simplified as there is a pass which
didn't even *attempt* to preserve it. =/ Once I get LCSSA out (and maybe
LoopVectorize and some other fixes) I'll be able to re-enable this check
and catch any places where we are still failing to preserve
LoopSimplify. If this causes problems I can back this out and try to
commit *all* of this at once, but so far this seems to work and allow
much more incremental progress.
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inconsistent results for different orderings of alloca slices. The
fundamental issue is that it is just always a mistake to return early
from this function. There is no effective early exit to leverage. This
patch stops trynig to do so and simplifies the code a bit as
a consequence.
Original diagnosis and patch by James Molloy with some name tweaks by me
in part reflecting feedback from Duncan Smith on the mailing list.
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intrinsics.
Reported on the list by Evan with a couple of attempts to fix, but it
took a while to dig down to the root cause. There are two overlapping
bugs here, both centering around the circumstance of discovering
a memcpy operand which is known to be completely outside the bounds of
the alloca.
First, we need to kill the *other* side of the memcpy if it was added to
this alloca. Otherwise we'll factor it into our slicing and try to
rewrite it even though we know for a fact that it is dead. This is made
more tricky because we can visit the sides in either order. So we have
to both kill the other side and skip instructions marked as dead. The
latter really should be goodness in every case, but here is a matter of
correctness.
Second, we need to actually remove the *uses* of the alloca by the
memcpy when queuing it for later deletion. Otherwise it may still be
using the alloca when we go to promote it (if the rewrite re-uses the
existing alloca instruction). Do this by factoring out the
use-clobbering used when for nixing a Phi argument and re-using it
across the operands of a to-be-deleted instruction.
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When registering a pass, a pass can now specify a second construct that takes as
argument a pointer to TargetMachine.
The PassInfo class has been updated to reflect that possibility.
If such a constructor exists opt will use it instead of the default constructor
when instantiating the pass.
Since such IR passes are supposed to be rare, no specific support has been
added to this commit to allow an easy registration of such a pass.
In other words, for such pass, the initialization function has to be
hand-written (see CodeGenPrepare for instance).
Now, codegenprepare can be tested using opt:
opt -codegenprepare -mtriple=mytriple input.ll
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can be used by both the new pass manager and the old.
This removes it from any of the virtual mess of the pass interfaces and
lets it derive cleanly from the DominatorTreeBase<> template. In turn,
tons of boilerplate interface can be nuked and it turns into a very
straightforward extension of the base DominatorTree interface.
The old analysis pass is now a simple wrapper. The names and style of
this split should match the split between CallGraph and
CallGraphWrapperPass. All of the users of DominatorTree have been
updated to match using many of the same tricks as with CallGraph. The
goal is that the common type remains the resulting DominatorTree rather
than the pass. This will make subsequent work toward the new pass
manager significantly easier.
Also in numerous places things became cleaner because I switched from
re-running the pass (!!! mid way through some other passes run!!!) to
directly recomputing the domtree.
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trees into the Support library.
These are all expressed in terms of the generic GraphTraits and CFG,
with no reliance on any concrete IR types. Putting them in support
clarifies that and makes the fact that the static analyzer in Clang uses
them much more sane. When moving the Dominators.h file into the IR
library I claimed that this was the right home for it but not something
I planned to work on. Oops.
So why am I doing this? It happens to be one step toward breaking the
requirement that IR verification can only be performed from inside of
a pass context, which completely blocks the implementation of
verification for the new pass manager infrastructure. Fixing it will
also allow removing the concept of the "preverify" step (WTF???) and
allow the verifier to cleanly flag functions which fail verification in
a way that precludes even computing dominance information. Currently,
that results in a fatal error even when you ask the verifier to not
fatally error. It's awesome like that.
The yak shaving will continue...
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directory. These passes are already defined in the IR library, and it
doesn't make any sense to have the headers in Analysis.
Long term, I think there is going to be a much better way to divide
these matters. The dominators code should be fully separated into the
abstract graph algorithm and have that put in Support where it becomes
obvious that evn Clang's CFGBlock's can use it. Then the verifier can
manually construct dominance information from the Support-driven
interface while the Analysis library can provide a pass which both
caches, reconstructs, and supports a nice update API.
But those are very long term, and so I don't want to leave the really
confusing structure until that day arrives.
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1- Use the line_iterator class to read profile files.
2- Allow comments in profile file. Lines starting with '#'
are completely ignored while reading the profile.
3- Add parsing support for discriminators and indirect call samples.
Our external profiler can emit more profile information that we are
currently not handling. This patch does not add new functionality to
support this information, but it allows profile files to provide it.
I will add actual support later on (for at least one of these
features, I need support for DWARF discriminators in Clang).
A sample line may contain the following additional information:
Discriminator. This is used if the sampled program was compiled with
DWARF discriminator support
(http://wiki.dwarfstd.org/index.php?title=Path_Discriminators). This
is currently only emitted by GCC and we just ignore it.
Potential call targets and samples. If present, this line contains a
call instruction. This models both direct and indirect calls. Each
called target is listed together with the number of samples. For
example,
130: 7 foo:3 bar:2 baz:7
The above means that at relative line offset 130 there is a call
instruction that calls one of foo(), bar() and baz(). With baz()
being the relatively more frequent call target.
Differential Revision: http://llvm-reviews.chandlerc.com/D2355
4- Simplify format of profile input file.
This implements earlier suggestions to simplify the format of the
sample profile file. The symbol table is not necessary and function
profiles do not need to know the number of samples in advance.
Differential Revision: http://llvm-reviews.chandlerc.com/D2419
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This adds a propagation heuristic to convert instruction samples
into branch weights. It implements a similar heuristic to the one
implemented by Dehao Chen on GCC.
The propagation proceeds in 3 phases:
1- Assignment of block weights. All the basic blocks in the function
are initial assigned the same weight as their most frequently
executed instruction.
2- Creation of equivalence classes. Since samples may be missing from
blocks, we can fill in the gaps by setting the weights of all the
blocks in the same equivalence class to the same weight. To compute
the concept of equivalence, we use dominance and loop information.
Two blocks B1 and B2 are in the same equivalence class if B1
dominates B2, B2 post-dominates B1 and both are in the same loop.
3- Propagation of block weights into edges. This uses a simple
propagation heuristic. The following rules are applied to every
block B in the CFG:
- If B has a single predecessor/successor, then the weight
of that edge is the weight of the block.
- If all the edges are known except one, and the weight of the
block is already known, the weight of the unknown edge will
be the weight of the block minus the sum of all the known
edges. If the sum of all the known edges is larger than B's weight,
we set the unknown edge weight to zero.
- If there is a self-referential edge, and the weight of the block is
known, the weight for that edge is set to the weight of the block
minus the weight of the other incoming edges to that block (if
known).
Since this propagation is not guaranteed to finalize for every CFG, we
only allow it to proceed for a limited number of iterations (controlled
by -sample-profile-max-propagate-iterations). It currently uses the same
GCC default of 100.
Before propagation starts, the pass builds (for each block) a list of
unique predecessors and successors. This is necessary to handle
identical edges in multiway branches. Since we visit all blocks and all
edges of the CFG, it is cleaner to build these lists once at the start
of the pass.
Finally, the patch fixes the computation of relative line locations.
The profiler emits lines relative to the function header. To discover
it, we traverse the compilation unit looking for the subprogram
corresponding to the function. The line number of that subprogram is the
line where the function begins. That becomes line zero for all the
relative locations.
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operand into the Value interface just like the core print method is.
That gives a more conistent organization to the IR printing interfaces
-- they are all attached to the IR objects themselves. Also, update all
the users.
This removes the 'Writer.h' header which contained only a single function
declaration.
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are part of the core IR library in order to support dumping and other
basic functionality.
Rename the 'Assembly' include directory to 'AsmParser' to match the
library name and the only functionality left their -- printing has been
in the core IR library for quite some time.
Update all of the #includes to match.
All of this started because I wanted to have the layering in good shape
before I started adding support for printing LLVM IR using the new pass
infrastructure, and commandline support for the new pass infrastructure.
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subsequent changes are easier to review. About to fix some layering
issues, and wanted to separate out the necessary churn.
Also comment and sink the include of "Windows.h" in three .inc files to
match the usage in Memory.inc.
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This doesn't seem to have actually broken anything. It was paranoia
on my part. Trying again now that bots are more stable.
This is a follow up of the r198338 commit that added truncates for
lcssa phi nodes. Sinking the truncates below the phis cleans up the
loop and simplifies subsequent analysis within the indvars pass.
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This is a follow up of the r198338 commit that added truncates for
lcssa phi nodes. Sinking the truncates below the phis cleans up the
loop and simplifies subsequent analysis within the indvars pass.
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All other uses of this macro in LLVM/clang have been moved to the function
definition so follow suite (and the usage advice) here too for consistency.
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The motivation is to mark dump methods as used in debug builds so that they can
be called from lldb, but to not do so in release builds so that they can be
dead-stripped.
There's lots of potential follow-up work suggested in the thread
"Should dump methods be LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_USED only in debug builds?" on cfe-dev,
but everyone seems to agreen on this subset.
Macro name chosen by fair coin toss.
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The loop rerolling pass was failing with an assertion failure from a
failed cast on loops like this:
void foo(int *A, int *B, int m, int n) {
for (int i = m; i < n; i+=4) {
A[i+0] = B[i+0] * 4;
A[i+1] = B[i+1] * 4;
A[i+2] = B[i+2] * 4;
A[i+3] = B[i+3] * 4;
}
}
The code was casting the SCEV-expanded code for the new
induction variable to a phi-node. When the loop had a non-constant
lower bound, the SCEV expander would end the code expansion with an
add insted of a phi node and the cast would fail.
It looks like the cast to a phi node was only needed to get the
induction variable value coming from the backedge to compute the end
of loop condition. This patch changes the loop reroller to compare
the induction variable to the number of times the backedge is taken
instead of the iteration count of the loop. In other words, we stop
the loop when the current value of the induction variable ==
IterationCount-1. Previously, the comparison was comparing the
induction variable value from the next iteration == IterationCount.
This problem only seems to occur on 32-bit targets. For some reason,
the loop is not rerolled on 64-bit targets.
PR18290
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As noted in the comment above CodeGenPrepare::OptimizeInst, which aggressively
sinks compares to reduce pressure on the condition register(s), for targets
such as PowerPC with multiple condition registers, this may not be the right
thing to do. This adds an HasMultipleConditionRegisters boolean to TLI, and
CodeGenPrepare::OptimizeInst is skipped when HasMultipleConditionRegisters is
true.
This functionality will be used by the PowerPC backend in an upcoming commit.
Especially when the PowerPC backend starts tracking individual condition
register bits as separate allocatable entities (which will happen in this
upcoming commit), this sinking from CodeGenPrepare::OptimizeInst is
significantly suboptimial.
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When widening an IV to remove s/zext, we generally try to eliminate
the original narrow IV. However, LCSSA phi nodes outside the loop were
still using the original IV. Clean this up more aggressively to avoid
redundancy in generated code.
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Split sadd.with.overflow into add + sadd.with.overflow to allow
analysis and optimization. This should ideally be done after
InstCombine, which can perform code motion (eventually indvars should
run after all canonical instcombines). We want ISEL to recombine the
add and the check, at least on x86.
This is currently under an option for reducing live induction
variables: -liv-reduce. The next step is reducing liveness of IVs that
are live out of the overflow check paths. Once the related
optimizations are fully developed, reviewed and tested, I do expect
this to become default.
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If the Scalarizer scalarized a vector PHI but could not scalarize
all uses of it, it would insert a series of insertelements to reconstruct
the vector PHI value from the scalar ones. The problem was that it would
emit these insertelements immediately after the PHI, even if there were
other PHIs after it.
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There is no reason to use std::deque here over std::vector. Thus given the
performance differences inbetween the two it makes sense to change deque to
vector.
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This patch tries to avoid unrelated changes other than fixing a few
hyphen-related ambiguities and contractions in nearby lines.
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I'm adding new functionality in the sample profiler. This will
require more data to be kept around for each function, so I moved
the structure SampleProfile that we keep for each function into
a separate class.
There are no functional changes in this patch. It simply provides
a new home where to place all the new data that I need to propagate
weights through edges.
There are some other name and minor edits throughout.
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If the beginning of the loop was also the entry block
of the function, branches were inserted to the entry block
which isn't allowed. If this occurs, create a new dummy
function entry block that branches to the start of the loop.
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order of slices of the alloca which have exactly the same size and other
properties. This was found by a perniciously unstable sort
implementation used to flush out buggy uses of the algorithm.
The fundamental idea is that findCommonType should return the best
common type it can find across all of the slices in the range. There
were two bugs here previously:
1) We would accept an integer type smaller than a byte-width multiple,
and if there were different bit-width integer types, we would accept
the first one. This caused an actual failure in the testcase updated
here when the sort order changed.
2) If we found a bad combination of types or a non-load, non-store use
before an integer typed load or store we would bail, but if we found
the integere typed load or store, we would use it. The correct
behavior is to always use an integer typed operation which covers the
partition if one exists.
While a clever debugging sort algorithm found problem #1 in our existing
test cases, I have no useful test case ideas for #2. I spotted in by
inspection when looking at this code.
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This adds a loop rerolling pass: the opposite of (partial) loop unrolling. The
transformation aims to take loops like this:
for (int i = 0; i < 3200; i += 5) {
a[i] += alpha * b[i];
a[i + 1] += alpha * b[i + 1];
a[i + 2] += alpha * b[i + 2];
a[i + 3] += alpha * b[i + 3];
a[i + 4] += alpha * b[i + 4];
}
and turn them into this:
for (int i = 0; i < 3200; ++i) {
a[i] += alpha * b[i];
}
and loops like this:
for (int i = 0; i < 500; ++i) {
x[3*i] = foo(0);
x[3*i+1] = foo(0);
x[3*i+2] = foo(0);
}
and turn them into this:
for (int i = 0; i < 1500; ++i) {
x[i] = foo(0);
}
There are two motivations for this transformation:
1. Code-size reduction (especially relevant, obviously, when compiling for
code size).
2. Providing greater choice to the loop vectorizer (and generic unroller) to
choose the unrolling factor (and a better ability to vectorize). The loop
vectorizer can take vector lengths and register pressure into account when
choosing an unrolling factor, for example, and a pre-unrolled loop limits that
choice. This is especially problematic if the manual unrolling was optimized
for a machine different from the current target.
The current implementation is limited to single basic-block loops only. The
rerolling recognition should work regardless of how the loop iterations are
intermixed within the loop body (subject to dependency and side-effect
constraints), but the significant restriction is that the order of the
instructions in each iteration must be identical. This seems sufficient to
capture all current use cases.
This pass is not currently enabled by default at any optimization level.
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This adds a new scalar pass that reads a file with samples generated
by 'perf' during runtime. The samples read from the profile are
incorporated and emmited as IR metadata reflecting that profile.
The profile file is assumed to have been generated by an external
profile source. The profile information is converted into IR metadata,
which is later used by the analysis routines to estimate block
frequencies, edge weights and other related data.
External profile information files have no fixed format, each profiler
is free to define its own. This includes both the on-disk representation
of the profile and the kind of profile information stored in the file.
A common kind of profile is based on sampling (e.g., perf), which
essentially counts how many times each line of the program has been
executed during the run.
The SampleProfileLoader pass is organized as a scalar transformation.
On startup, it reads the file given in -sample-profile-file to
determine what kind of profile it contains. This file is assumed to
contain profile information for the whole application. The profile
data in the file is read and incorporated into the internal state of
the corresponding profiler.
To facilitate testing, I've organized the profilers to support two file
formats: text and native. The native format is whatever on-disk
representation the profiler wants to support, I think this will mostly
be bitcode files, but it could be anything the profiler wants to
support. To do this, every profiler must implement the
SampleProfile::loadNative() function.
The text format is mostly meant for debugging. Records are separated by
newlines, but each profiler is free to interpret records as it sees fit.
Profilers must implement the SampleProfile::loadText() function.
Finally, the pass will call SampleProfile::emitAnnotations() for each
function in the current translation unit. This function needs to
translate the loaded profile into IR metadata, which the analyzer will
later be able to use.
This patch implements the first steps towards the above design. I've
implemented a sample-based flat profiler. The format of the profile is
fairly simplistic. Each sampled function contains a list of relative
line locations (from the start of the function) together with a count
representing how many samples were collected at that line during
execution. I generate this profile using perf and a separate converter
tool.
Currently, I have only implemented a text format for these profiles. I
am interested in initial feedback to the whole approach before I send
the other parts of the implementation for review.
This patch implements:
- The SampleProfileLoader pass.
- The base ExternalProfile class with the core interface.
- A SampleProfile sub-class using the above interface. The profiler
generates branch weight metadata on every branch instructions that
matches the profiles.
- A text loader class to assist the implementation of
SampleProfile::loadText().
- Basic unit tests for the pass.
Additionally, the patch uses profile information to compute branch
weights based on instruction samples.
This patch converts instruction samples into branch weights. It
does a fairly simplistic conversion:
Given a multi-way branch instruction, it calculates the weight of
each branch based on the maximum sample count gathered from each
target basic block.
Note that this assignment of branch weights is somewhat lossy and can be
misleading. If a basic block has more than one incoming branch, all the
incoming branches will get the same weight. In reality, it may be that
only one of them is the most heavily taken branch.
I will adjust this assignment in subsequent patches.
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The symptom is that an assertion is triggered. The assertion was added by
me to detect the situation when value is propagated from dead blocks.
(We can certainly get rid of assertion; it is safe to do so, because propagating
value from dead block to alive join node is certainly ok.)
The root cause of this bug is : edge-splitting is conducted on the fly,
the edge being split could be a dead edge, therefore the block that
split the critial edge needs to be flagged "dead" as well.
There are 3 ways to fix this bug:
1) Get rid of the assertion as I mentioned eariler
2) When an dead edge is split, flag the inserted block "dead".
3) proactively split the critical edges connecting dead and live blocks when
new dead blocks are revealed.
This fix go for 3) with additional 2 LOC.
Testing case was added by Rafael the other day.
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LoopUnswitch's code simplification routine has logic to convert conditional
branches into unconditional branches, after unswitching makes the condition
constant, and then remove any blocks that renders dead. Unfortunately, this
code is dead, currently broken, and furthermore, has never been alive (at least
as far back at 2006).
No functionality change intended.
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As with the other loop unrolling parameters (the unrolling threshold, partial
unrolling, etc.) runtime unrolling can now also be controlled via the
constructor. This will be necessary for moving non-trivial unrolling late in
the pass manager (after loop vectorization).
No functionality change intended.
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Partial fix for PR17459: wrong code at -O3 on x86_64-linux-gnu
(affecting trunk and 3.3)
When SCEV expands a recurrence outside of a loop it attempts to scale
by the stride of the recurrence. Chained recurrences don't work that
way. We could compute binomial coefficients, but would hve to
guarantee that the chained AddRec's are in a perfectly reduced form.
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A landing pad can be jumped to only by the unwind edge of an invoke
instruction. If we eliminate a partially redundant load in a landing pad, it
will create a basic block that violates this constraint. It then leads to other
problems down the line if it tries to merge that basic block with the landing
pad. Avoid this by not eliminating the load in a landing pad.
PR17621
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Switch instructions were crashing the StructurizeCFG pass, and it's
probably easier anyway if we don't need to handle them in this pass.
Reviewed-by: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
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infrastructure.
This was essentially work toward PGO based on a design that had several
flaws, partially dating from a time when LLVM had a different
architecture, and with an effort to modernize it abandoned without being
completed. Since then, it has bitrotted for several years further. The
result is nearly unusable, and isn't helping any of the modern PGO
efforts. Instead, it is getting in the way, adding confusion about PGO
in LLVM and distracting everyone with maintenance on essentially dead
code. Removing it paves the way for modern efforts around PGO.
Among other effects, this removes the last of the runtime libraries from
LLVM. Those are being developed in the separate 'compiler-rt' project
now, with somewhat different licensing specifically more approriate for
runtimes.
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SROA wants to convert any types of equivalent widths but it's not possible to
convert vectors of pointers to an integer scalar with a single cast. As a
workaround we add a bitcast to the corresponding int ptr type first. This type
of cast used to be an edge case but has become common with SLP vectorization.
Fixes PR17271.
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The problem of r191017 is that when GVN fabricate a val-number for a dead instruction (in order
to make following expr-PRE happy), it forget to fabricate a leader-table entry for it as well.
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This is how it ignores the dead code:
1) When a dead branch target, say block B, is identified, all the
blocks dominated by B is dead as well.
2) The PHIs of those blocks in dominance-frontier(B) is updated such
that the operands corresponding to dead predecessors are replaced
by "UndefVal".
Using lattice's jargon, the "UndefVal" is the "Top" in essence.
Phi node like this "phi(v1 bb1, undef xx)" will be optimized into
"v1" if v1 is constant, or v1 is an instruction which dominate this
PHI node.
3) When analyzing the availability of a load L, all dead mem-ops which
L depends on disguise as a load which evaluate exactly same value as L.
4) The dead mem-ops will be materialized as "UndefVal" during code motion.
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If there are no legal integers, assume 1 byte.
This makes more sense than using the pointer size as
a guess for the maximum GPR width.
It is conceivable to want to use some 64-bit pointers
on a target where 64-bit integers aren't legal.
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This pass was based on the previous (essentially unused) profiling
infrastructure and the assumption that by ordering the basic blocks at
the IR level in a particular way, the correct layout would happen in the
end. This sometimes worked, and mostly didn't. It also was a really
naive implementation of the classical paper that dates from when branch
predictors were primarily directional and when loop structure wasn't
commonly available. It also didn't factor into the equation
non-fallthrough branches and other machine level details.
Anyways, for all of these reasons and more, I wrote
MachineBlockPlacement, which completely supercedes this pass. It both
uses modern profile information infrastructure, and actually works. =]
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Allow targets to customize the default behavior of the generic loop unrolling
transformation. This will be used by the PowerPC backend when targeting the A2
core (which is in-order with a deep pipeline), and using more aggressive
defaults is important.
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Revert unintentional commit (of an unreviewed change).
Original commit message:
Add getUnrollingPreferences to TTI
Allow targets to customize the default behavior of the generic loop unrolling
transformation. This will be used by the PowerPC backend when targeting the A2
core (which is in-order with a deep pipeline), and using more aggressive
defaults is important.
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Allow targets to customize the default behavior of the generic loop unrolling
transformation. This will be used by the PowerPC backend when targeting the A2
core (which is in-order with a deep pipeline), and using more aggressive
defaults is important.
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...so that it can be used for z too. Most of the code is the same.
The only real change is to use TargetTransformInfo to test when a sqrt
instruction is available.
The pass is opt-in because at the moment it only handles sqrt.
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However, opt -O2 doesn't run mem2reg directly so nobody noticed until r188146
when SROA started sending more things directly down the PromoteMemToReg path.
In order to revert r187191, I also revert dependent revisions r187296, r187322
and r188146. Fixes PR16867. Does not add the testcases from that PR, but both
of them should get added for both mem2reg and sroa when this revert gets
unreverted.
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SROA-based analysis has enough information. This should work now that
both mem2reg *and* the SSAUpdater-based AllocaPromoter have been updated
to be able to promote the types of allocas that the SROA analysis
detects.
I've included tests for the AllocaPromoter that were only possible to
write once we fast-tracked promotable allocas without rewriting them.
This includes a test both for r187347 and r188145.
Original commit log for r187323:
"""
Now that mem2reg understands how to cope with a slightly wider set of uses of
an alloca, we can pre-compute promotability while analyzing an alloca for
splitting in SROA. That lets us short-circuit the common case of a bunch of
trivially promotable allocas. This cuts 20% to 30% off the run time of SROA for
typical frontend-generated IR sequneces I'm seeing. It gets the new SROA to
within 20% of ScalarRepl for such code. My current benchmark for these numbers
is PR15412, but it fits the general pattern of IR emitted by Clang so it should
be widely applicable.
"""
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the more general set of patterns that are now handled by mem2reg and that we
can detect quickly while doing SROA's initial analysis. Notably, this allows it
to promote through no-op bitcast and GEP sequences. A core part of the
SSAUpdater approach is the ability to test whether a particular instruction is
part of the set being promoted. Testing this becomes significantly more complex
in the world where the operand to every load and store isn't the alloca itself.
I ended up using the approach of walking up the def-chain until we find the
alloca. I benchmarked this against keeping a set of pointer operands and
keeping a set of the loads and stores we care about, and this one seemed faster
although the difference was very small.
No test case yet because currently the rewriting always "fixes" the inputs to
not require this. The next patch which re-enables early promotion of easy cases
in SROA will include a test case that specifically exercises this aspect of the
alloca promoter.
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our visiting datastructures in the AllocaPromoter/SSAUpdater path of
SROA. Also shift the order if clears around to be more consistent.
No functionality changed here, this is just a cleanup.
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It is breaking builbots with libgmalloc enabled on Mac OS X.
$ cd llvm ; mkdir release ; cd release
$ ../configure --enable-optimized —prefix=$PWD/install
$ make
$ make check
$ Release+Asserts/bin/llvm-lit -v --param use_gmalloc=1 --param \
gmalloc_path=/usr/lib/libgmalloc.dylib \
../test/Instrumentation/DataFlowSanitizer/args-unreachable-bb.ll
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This moves removeUnreachableBlocksFromFn from SimplifyCFGPass.cpp
to Utils/Local.cpp and uses it to replace the implementation of
llvm::removeUnreachableBlocks, which appears to do a strict subset
of what removeUnreachableBlocksFromFn does.
Differential Revision: http://llvm-reviews.chandlerc.com/D1334
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infrastructure to do promotion without a domtree the same smarts about
looking through GEPs, bitcasts, etc., that I just taught mem2reg about.
This way, if SROA chooses to promote an alloca which still has some
noisy instructions this code can cope with them.
I've not used as principled of an approach here for two reasons:
1) This code doesn't really need it as we were already set up to zip
through the instructions used by the alloca.
2) I view the code here as more of a hack, and hopefully a temporary one.
The SSAUpdater path in SROA is a real sore point for me. It doesn't make
a lot of architectural sense for many reasons:
- We're likely to end up needing the domtree anyways in a subsequent
pass, so why not compute it earlier and use it.
- In the future we'll likely end up needing the domtree for parts of the
inliner itself.
- If we need to we could teach the inliner to preserve the domtree. Part
of the re-work of the pass manager will allow this to be very powerful
even in large SCCs with many functions.
- Ultimately, computing a domtree has gotten significantly faster since
the original SSAUpdater-using code went into ScalarRepl. We no longer
use domfrontiers, and much of domtree is lazily done based on queries
rather than eagerly.
- At this point keeping the SSAUpdater-based promotion saves a total of
0.7% on a build of the 'opt' tool for me. That's not a lot of
performance given the complexity!
So I'm leaving this a bit ugly in the hope that eventually we just
remove all of this nonsense.
I can't even readily test this because this code isn't reachable except
through SROA. When I re-instate the patch that fast-tracks allocas
already suitable for promotion, I'll add a testcase there that failed
before this change. Before that, SROA will fix any test case I give it.
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uses of an alloca, we can pre-compute promotability while analyzing an
alloca for splitting in SROA. That lets us short-circuit the common case
of a bunch of trivially promotable allocas. This cuts 20% to 30% off the
run time of SROA for typical frontend-generated IR sequneces I'm seeing.
It gets the new SROA to within 20% of ScalarRepl for such code. My
current benchmark for these numbers is PR15412, but it fits the general
pattern of IR emitted by Clang so it should be widely applicable.
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useful in a subsequent patch, but causes an unfortunate amount of noise,
so I pulled it out into a separate patch.
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their being optimized out in debug mode. Realistically, this just isn't
going to be the slow part anyways. This also fixes unused variable
warnings that are breaking LLD build bots. =/ I didn't see these at
first, and kept losing track of the fact that they were broken.
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Adds unit tests for it too.
Split BasicBlockUtils into an analysis-half and a transforms-half, and put the
analysis bits into a new Analysis/CFG.{h,cpp}. Promote isPotentiallyReachable
into llvm::isPotentiallyReachable and move it into Analysis/CFG.
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Merge consecutive if-regions if they contain identical statements.
Both transformations reduce number of branches. The transformation
is guarded by a target-hook, and is currently enabled only for +R600,
but the correctness has been tested on X86 target using a variety of
CPU benchmarks.
Patch by: Mei Ye
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schedule an alloca for another iteration in SROA. This only showed up
with a mixture of promotable and unpromotable selects and phis. Added
a test case for this.
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pending speculation for a phi node. The problem here is that we were
using growth of the specluation set as an indicator of whether
speculation would occur, and if the phi node is already in the set we
don't see it grow. This is a symptom of the fact that this signal is
a total hack.
Unfortunately, I couldn't really come up with a non-hacky way of
signaling that promotion remains valid *after* speculation occurs, such
that we only speculate when all else looks good for promotion. In the
end, I went with at least a much more explicit approach of doing the
work of queuing inside the phi and select processing and setting
a preposterously named flag to convey that we're in the special state of
requiring speculating before promotion.
Thanks to Richard Trieu and Nick Lewycky for the excellent work reducing
a testcase for this from a pretty giant, nasty assert in a big
application. =] The testcase was excellent.
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implementation of the SROA algorithm. We were using the term 'partition'
in many places that no longer ever represented an actual partition, but
rather just an arbitrary slice of an alloca.
No functionality change intended here. Mostly just renaming of types,
functions, variables, and rewording of comments. Several comments were
rewritten to make a lot more sense in the new structure of things.
The stats are still weird and not reflective of how this really works.
I'll fix those up in a separate patch as it is a touch more semantic of
a change...
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SROA.
The crux of the issue is that now we track uses of a partition of the
alloca in two places: the iterators over the partitioning uses and the
previously collected split uses vector. We weren't accounting for the
fact that the split uses might invalidate integer widening in ways other
than due to their width (in this case due to being volatile).
Further reduced testcase added to the tests.
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end of a vector. This was found with ASan. I've had one other report of
a crasher, but thus far been unable to reproduce the crash. It may well
be fixed with this version, and if not I'd like to get more information
from the build bots about what is happening.
See r186316 for the full commit log for the new implementation of the
SROA algorithm.
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a bot.
This reverts the commit which introduced a new implementation of the
fancy SROA pass designed to reduce its overhead. I'll skip the huge
commit log here, refer to r186316 if you're looking for how this all
works and why it works that way.
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different core implementation strategy.
Previously, SROA would build a relatively elaborate partitioning of an
alloca, associate uses with each partition, and then rewrite the uses of
each partition in an attempt to break apart the alloca into chunks that
could be promoted. This was very wasteful in terms of memory and compile
time because regardless of how complex the alloca or how much we're able
to do in breaking it up, all of the datastructure work to analyze the
partitioning was done up front.
The new implementation attempts to form partitions of the alloca lazily
and on the fly, rewriting the uses that make up that partition as it
goes. This has a few significant effects:
1) Much simpler data structures are used throughout.
2) No more double walk of the recursive use graph of the alloca, only
walk it once.
3) No more complex algorithms for associating a particular use with
a particular partition.
4) PHI and Select speculation is simplified and happens lazily.
5) More precise information is available about a specific use of the
alloca, removing the need for some side datastructures.
Ultimately, I think this is a much better implementation. It removes
about 300 lines of code, but arguably removes more like 500 considering
that some code grew in the process of being factored apart and cleaned
up for this all to work.
I've re-used as much of the old implementation as possible, which
includes the lion's share of code in the form of the rewriting logic.
The interesting new logic centers around how the uses of a partition are
sorted, and split into actual partitions.
Each instruction using a pointer derived from the alloca gets
a 'Partition' entry. This name is totally wrong, but I'll do a rename in
a follow-up commit as there is already enough churn here. The entry
describes the offset range accessed and the nature of the access. Once
we have all of these entries we sort them in a very specific way:
increasing order of begin offset, followed by whether they are
splittable uses (memcpy, etc), followed by the end offset or whatever.
Sorting by splittability is important as it simplifies the collection of
uses into a partition.
Once we have these uses sorted, we walk from the beginning to the end
building up a range of uses that form a partition of the alloca.
Overlapping unsplittable uses are merged into a single partition while
splittable uses are broken apart and carried from one partition to the
next. A partition is also introduced to bridge splittable uses between
the unsplittable regions when necessary.
I've looked at the performance PRs fairly closely. PR15471 no longer
will even load (the module is invalid). Not sure what is up there.
PR15412 improves by between 5% and 10%, however it is nearly impossible
to know what is holding it up as SROA (the entire pass) takes less time
than reading the IR for that test case. The analysis takes the same time
as running mem2reg on the final allocas. I suspect (without much
evidence) that the new implementation will scale much better however,
and it is just the small nature of the test cases that makes the changes
small and noisy. Either way, it is still simpler and cleaner I think.
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against a constant."
This reverts commit r186107. It didn't handle wrapping arithmetic in the
loop correctly and thus caused the following C program to count from
0 to UINT64_MAX instead of from 0 to 255 as intended:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
unsigned char first = 0, last = 255;
do { printf("%d\n", first); } while (first++ != last);
}
Full test case and instructions to reproduce with just the -indvars pass
sent to the original review thread rather than to r186107's commit.
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Patch by Michele Scandale!
Adds a special handling of the case where, during the loop exit
condition rewriting, the exit value is a constant of bitwidth lower
than the type of the induction variable: instead of introducing a
trunc operation in order to match correctly the operand types, it
allows to convert the constant value to an equivalent constant,
depending on the initial value of the induction variable and the trip
count, in order have an equivalent comparison between the induction
variable and the new constant.
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Without the changes introduced into this patch, if TRE saw any allocas at all,
TRE would not perform TRE *or* mark callsites with the tail marker.
Because TRE runs after mem2reg, this inadequacy is not a death sentence. But
given a callsite A without escaping alloca argument, A may not be able to have
the tail marker placed on it due to a separate callsite B having a write-back
parameter passed in via an argument with the nocapture attribute.
Assume that B is the only other callsite besides A and B only has nocapture
escaping alloca arguments (*NOTE* B may have other arguments that are not passed
allocas). In this case not marking A with the tail marker is unnecessarily
conservative since:
1. By assumption A has no escaping alloca arguments itself so it can not
access the caller's stack via its arguments.
2. Since all of B's escaping alloca arguments are passed as parameters with
the nocapture attribute, we know that B does not stash said escaping
allocas in a manner that outlives B itself and thus could be accessed
indirectly by A.
With the changes introduced by this patch:
1. If we see any escaping allocas passed as a capturing argument, we do
nothing and bail early.
2. If we do not see any escaping allocas passed as captured arguments but we
do see escaping allocas passed as nocapture arguments:
i. We do not perform TRE to avoid PR962 since the code generator produces
significantly worse code for the dynamic allocas that would be created
by the TRE algorithm.
ii. If we do not return twice, mark call sites without escaping allocas
with the tail marker. *NOTE* This excludes functions with escaping
nocapture allocas.
3. If we do not see any escaping allocas at all (whether captured or not):
i. If we do not have usage of setjmp, mark all callsites with the tail
marker.
ii. If there are no dynamic/variable sized allocas in the function,
attempt to perform TRE on all callsites in the function.
Based off of a patch by Nick Lewycky.
rdar://14324281.
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debug statements to add a missing newline. Also canonicalize to '\n' instead of
"\n"; the latter calls a function with a loop the former does not.
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When a 1-element vector alloca is promoted, a store instruction can often be
rewritten without converting the value to a scalar and using an insertelement
instruction to stuff it into the new alloca. This patch just adds a check
to skip that conversion when it is unnecessary. This turns out to be really
important for some ARM Neon operations where <1 x i64> is used to get around
the fact that i64 is not a legal type.
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