XS Computer One - Apple 1 Replica Project

About

This project is an attempt to build a working replica of the Apple-1 computer, made in 1976 by Steve Wozniak and released by Apple Computer Company, now Apple, Inc.

Only about 200 units of this computer were made. Today, only about 60 units still exists, and less than 10 are known working.
They are sometimes sold at auctions, for record prices. In 2012, one was sold for $671,000.

To my knowledge, three replica projects exists:
Replica-1 by Vince Briel, Mimeo-1 by Mike Willegal, and Obtronix by Steve Gabaly.

The last two are exact replicas, while the first one uses actual components with a different motherboard layout.

So this project will be (hopefully) a fourth one.

I decided to build my own replica from scratch, as it's a very nice occasion to learn about electronics.
As a programmer, I sometimes feel frustrated not to know more about this... ; )

Roadmap

There's of course no real roadmap yet, as I'm currently learning as I go. The project will surely takes a huge amount of time, so don't expect results too soon.

Here are the actual project parts:

#	Part	Status	Description
1	Learn	In progress	Learn as much as possible on electronics, as I'm completely new to this.
2	Test		Experiment with a few basic PCB and components.
3	Component Identification	In progress	Get the original component specification from the original schematics and documentation.
4	Component Purchase	In progress	Purchase components or find alternatives if they are not available anymore.
5	ROM		Find a way to get the original ROM and have it built somehow.
6	Prototype		Get a prototype working on a breadboard.
7	PCB Design		Design the final PCB, as close as possible to the original Apple-1, and have it printed.
8	Mounting		Mount all components on the motherboard.

Tools & Equipment

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
B&K Precision	DP 21	Logic Probe / 20 MHz - 30 Ns	N/A	1	Yes	-
Fluke	87-V	True RMS Digital Multimeter	N/A	1	Yes	-
		(Soldering Station)	N/A	1	No	-
		(Desolder Pump)	N/A	1	No	-
		(Solder)	N/A	1	No	-
		(Breadboard)	N/A	1	No	-
		(Power Transformer)	N/A	1	No	-
		(Safety Glasses)	N/A	1	No	-

Note: Any equivalent tool may be used. Tools listed here are the one I'll use for the project.

Hardware Parts - Power Supply

Power Transformers

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
Stancor	P-8380	117 V / 10 V CT - 3.0 A	Triad Magnetics F-31X	1	Yes	-
Stancor	P-8667	117 V / 28 V CT - 1.0 A	Triad Magnetics F40X	1	Yes	-

Rectifiers

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
???	MR500	50 V / 3.0 A	MCC FR301-TP	4	Yes	-
Fairchild Semiconductor	1N4001	50 V / 1.0 A	N/A	4	Yes	-

Capacitors

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
Sprague	53D113G025JP6	Radial Aluminum Electrolytic / 15 V - 5300 uF	???	1	No	-
Sprague	53D382G050JL6	Radial Aluminum Electrolytic / 25 V - 2400 uF	???	2	No	-
Vishay	MAL213826229E3	Radial Aluminum Electrolytic / 25 V - 22 uF	Nichicon TVX1E220MAD1LS	5	Yes	-

Voltage Regulators

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
STMicroelectronics	LM323K	+15 V / +5 V - 3.0 A	N/A	1	Yes	-
National Semiconductor	LM320 MP-5	-15 V / -5 V - 1.0 A	Fairchild Semiconductor LM7905CT	1	Yes	-
National Semiconductor	LM320 MP-12	-25 V / -12 V - 1.0 A	Fairchild Semiconductor LM7912CT	1	Yes	-
National Semiconductor	LM340-12	+25 V / +12 V - 1.0 A	Fairchild Semiconductor LM7812CT	1	Yes	-

Heatsinks

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
Wakefield	680-125A	1.5 C/W	N/A	1	Yes	-

Fuses

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
Littelfuse		Axial Glass / 3AG Slo-Blo / 125 V - 0.5 A	???	1	No	-

Connectors

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
Molex	171813-0006	6-Pin Power Connector	N/A	1	Yes	-
???	???	4-Pin Video Connector	???	1	No	-
???	???	22-Pin Connector	???	1	No	-
???	???	B4 (Keyboard?)	???	1	No	-

Hardware Parts - Terminal Section

Crystal

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
ECS	ECS-143-S-1X	HC-49/U / 14.31818 MHz	N/A	1	Yes	-

...

Hardware Parts - Processor Section

Processor

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
MOS Technology	6502		???	1	No	-

Memory

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
???	MK4096		???	16	No	-

PIA

Manufacturer	Part No.	Details	Alternative	Quantity	Found	Status
Motorola	MC6820CL	Peripheral Interface Adapter	???	1	Yes	-

...

Repository Infos

Owner:			Jean-David Gadina - XS-Labs
Web:			www.xs-labs.com
Blog:			www.noxeos.com
Twitter:		@macmade
GitHub:			github.com/macmade
LinkedIn:		ch.linkedin.com/in/macmade/
StackOverflow:	stackoverflow.com/users/182676/macmade