c2t-96h minor updates, doc updates, article added/updated, windows 96h binary
This commit is contained in:
Egan Ford
parent
dc09517573
commit
c96332b204
9
Makefile
9
Makefile
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@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
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all: c2t
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all: c2t c2t-96h
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clean:
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rm c2t.h c2t
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rm c2t.h c2t c2t-96h
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cd asm; make clean
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c2t: c2t.c c2t.h
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gcc -Wall -O3 -o c2t c2t.c
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gcc -Wall -Wno-unused-value -Wno-unused-function -O3 -o c2t c2t.c
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c2t-96h: c2t-96h.c c2t.h
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gcc -Wall -Wno-unused-value -Wno-unused-function -O3 -o c2t-96h c2t-96h.c
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c2t.h: mon/dos33.boot1.mon mon/dos33.boot2.mon asm/autoload.s asm/diskload2.s asm/diskload3.s asm/diskload8000.s asm/diskload9600.s asm/fastload8000.s asm/fastload9600.s asm/fastloadcd.s asm/inflate.s
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./makeheader
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19
README.md
19
README.md
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@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ You clearly do not understand the awesomeness of the Apple II, move along.
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## Version
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0.996 (Nov 29 2014)
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c2t 0.996 (Nov 29 2014)
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c2t-96h 0.997 (Dec 31 2015)
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## Installation
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@ -63,6 +64,22 @@ gcc -Wall -O3 -static -o c2t c2t.c
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```
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> Use the `miniz.h` in the `windows` directory.
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To cross build for Windows from OS/X, first install <http://crossgcc.rts-software.org/doku.php?id=compiling_for_win32>, then type:
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```
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cd windows
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cp ../c2t.*
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cp ../fake6502.h
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/usr/local/gcc-4.8.0-qt-4.8.4-for-mingw32/win32-gcc/bin/i586-mingw32-gcc -Wall -Wno-unused-value -Wno-unused-function -O3 -static -o c2t.exe c2t.c
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```
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## c2t-96h Version
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`c2t-96h` is a hacked up version of `c2t` that fixes a few bugs (e.g. `.po` files) and adds working 9600 BPS code.
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Both `-8` and `-f` activate this new 9600 BPS code.
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`c2t-96h` will eventually replace `c2t`. IOW, use `c2t-96h` for now.
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## Tested Configurations:
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Binary file not shown.
Binary file not shown.
Binary file not shown.
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@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
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12000
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12000
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-2
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2 main: ldy #0
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4 psync: bit tapein
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2 bmi psync
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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2 bpl ploop
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2 cpy #$40
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2 bpl endcode
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2 cpy #$15
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2 bpl main
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2 cpy #$07
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7 store: rol nnnn,x
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2 asl
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2 bne main
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2 lda #1
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2 inx
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2 bne main
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6 inc store+2
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3 jmp main
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@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
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6000
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6000
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-2
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2 main: ldy #0
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4 psync: bit tapein
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2 bmi psync
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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3 bpl ploop
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2 ploop: iny
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4 bit tapein
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2 bpl ploop
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2 cpy #$40
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2 bpl endcode
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2 cpy #$15
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2 bpl main
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2 cpy #$07
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7 store: rol nnnn,x
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2 asl
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3 bne main
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2 lda #1
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2 inx
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3 bne main
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6 inc store+2
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3 jmp main
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Binary file not shown.
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 48 KiB |
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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import sys, math, os
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try:
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cycles_file = sys.argv[1]
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except:
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print "usage: %s cycles.txt" % sys.argv[0]
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sys.exit(1)
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f = open(cycles_file,'r')
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freq0 = f.readline().strip()
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freq1 = f.readline().strip()
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start = int(f.readline().strip())
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a2freq = 1020484.4497 # src: openemulator, src: https://discussions.apple.com/thread/559102
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#rot = True
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rot = False
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xr = a2freq / float(freq0)
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xcross = xr / float(2.0)
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xc2 = int(xcross * 100) / float(100)
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ycross = 0
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xdiv = xcross / float(math.pi)
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yb = -0.25
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g = open('plot.gnuplot','w')
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if rot:
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g.write('set title " %d/%d KHz Cycle" offset 0,-2\n' % (int(freq0)/1000,int(freq1)/1000))
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else:
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g.write('set ylabel "%d/%d KHz Cycle"\n' % (int(freq0)/1000,int(freq1)/1000))
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g.write('set term postscript \n')
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g.write('set size ratio 0.5\n')
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g.write('set output "plot.ps"\n')
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g.write('set key off\n')
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g.write('set grid xtics lt 0 lw 1 lc rgb "#000000"\n')
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g.write('set grid ytics lt 0 lw 1 lc rgb "#000000"\n')
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g.write('set xrange [%d:%f]\n' % (start,xr))
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g.write('set yrange [%f:1]\n' % yb)
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g.write('set xtics 1 font "courier,10"\n')
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g.write('set x2tics 1 font "courier,10"\n')
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g.write('set ytics 1 font "courier,10"\n')
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g.write('set arrow from %d,0 to %f,0 nohead lw 1 lc rgb "black"\n' % (start,xr))
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g.write('set arrow from %f,%f to %f,1 nohead lw 1 lc rgb "black"\n' % (xcross,yb,xcross))
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if start < 0:
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g.write('set arrow from %f,%f to %f,1 nohead lw 1 lc rgb "black"\n' % (0,yb,0))
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g.write('set xtic rotate by 90 right \n')
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g.write('set x2tic rotate by 90 left \n')
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x2tics = {}
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xtics = {}
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base = start
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ll = 0
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for i in f.readlines():
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cycles = int(i.split(' ')[0])
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text = i.split(' ',1)[1].rstrip().upper()
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if len(text) > ll:
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ll = len(text)
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xtics[str(base)] = text
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x2tics[str(base)] = str(base)
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base += cycles
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x2tics[str(xc2)] = ' ZC'
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if start < 0:
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x2tics['0'] = '0 ZC'
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g.write('set x2tics (')
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for k, v in x2tics.iteritems():
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g.write('"%s" %f, ' % (v,float(k)))
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g.write(')\n')
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g.write('set xtics (')
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for k, v in xtics.iteritems():
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g.write('"%s" %d, ' % (v + ' '*(ll-len(v)),int(k)))
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g.write(')\n')
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f.close()
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g.write('set ytics ("0" 0, "+" 1, "-" %f)\n' % yb)
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g.write('plot sin(x/%f)\n' % xdiv)
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g.write('quit\n')
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g.close()
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os.system('gnuplot plot.gnuplot')
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os.system('pstopdf plot.ps -o plot.pdf')
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if rot:
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os.system('pdf90 plot.pdf')
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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import sys, math, os
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try:
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timeline_file = sys.argv[1]
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except:
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print "usage: %s timeline.txt" % sys.argv[0]
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sys.exit(1)
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f = open(timeline_file,'r')
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title = f.readline().strip() + " Audio Timeline"
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start = 0
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rot = True
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g = open('timeline.gnuplot','w')
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if rot:
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g.write('set x2label "%s"\n' % title);
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#else:
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# g.write('set ylabel "%d/%d KHz Cycle"\n' % (int(freq0)/1000,int(freq1)/1000))
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g.write('set term postscript \n')
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#g.write('set size ratio 0.5\n')
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g.write('set output "timeline.ps"\n')
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g.write('set key off\n')
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g.write('set grid xtics lt 0 lw 1 lc rgb "#000000"\n')
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g.write('set grid ytics lt 0 lw 1 lc rgb "#000000"\n')
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g.write('set yrange [0:1]\n')
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g.write('set xtics 1 font "courier,9"\n')
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g.write('set x2tics 1 font "courier,9"\n')
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g.write('set xtic rotate by 90 right \n')
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g.write('set x2tic rotate by 90 left \n')
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g.write('unset ytics\n')
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g.write('unset y2tics\n')
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x2tics = {}
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xtics = {}
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ll = 0
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for i in f.readlines():
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if i[0] == '#':
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continue
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timestamp = float(i.split(',')[0])
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label = i.split(',')[1].rstrip()
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if len(label) > ll:
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ll = len(label)
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xtics[str(timestamp)] = label
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x2tics[str(timestamp)] = str(timestamp)
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g.write('set arrow from %f,0 to %f,1 nohead lw 1 lc rgb "black"\n' % (timestamp,timestamp))
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xr = timestamp
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g.write('set x2tics (')
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for k, v in x2tics.iteritems():
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g.write('"%s" %f, ' % (v,float(k)))
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g.write(')\n')
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g.write('set xtics (')
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for k, v in xtics.iteritems():
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#g.write('"%s" %f, ' % (v + ' '*(ll-len(v)),float(k)))
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g.write('"%s" %f, ' % (v,float(k)))
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g.write(')\n')
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f.close()
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#g.write('set ytics ("0" 0, "+" 1, "-" %f)\n' % yb)
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g.write('set xrange [%d:%f]\n' % (start,xr))
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g.write('plot 0\n')
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g.write('quit\n')
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g.close()
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os.system('gnuplot timeline.gnuplot')
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os.system('pstopdf timeline.ps -o timeline.pdf')
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if rot:
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os.system('pdf90 timeline.pdf')
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From: http://support.apple.com/kb/TA40730
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This note is about the cassette interface built into the Apple II and
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Apple II+, subroutines. An assumption made here is that the cassette
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recorder is in the proper mode, play or record, when the read and write
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routines are executed. Note also that the timing is approximate and may
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vary from one Apple to another.
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A record is a block of binary data. This data may be a BASIC or APPLESOFT
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program, a machine language program, or just binary data. Records representing
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BASIC or APPLESOFT programs are really two records, the length of the program
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and the actual program. A record consists of a header, synchronous bit, the
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actual data, and a checksum byte for error detection.
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Monitor record format
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+--------+-+-----------------------+-+
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| HEADER |S| DATA |C|
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+--------+-+-----------------------+-+
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BASIC program record format
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+--------+-+----+-+--------+-+----------------+-+
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| HEADER |S| LB |C| HEADER |S| PROGRAM |C|
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+--------+-+----+-+--------+-+----------------+-+
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Key: S = SYNC bit
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C = CHECKSUM byte
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LB = BASIC program length
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The header consists of 10 seconds of 770 Hz tone, (1 cycle equals 1300
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microseconds). This gives enough time for the cassette motor to attain speed
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and the plastic tape leader to go by. A subroutine called HEADR generates a
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shortened header between the BASIC length bytes and the BASIC program itself.
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The length of the header tone is controlled by the value of the accumulator on
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entry to the subroutine. This can vary from 0.2 seconds to 40 seconds. On
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entry the X register should be 0 and the carry flag should be set. HEADR also
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generates a synchronous bit at the end of the tone. HEADR resides at
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hexadecimal address $FCC9, or decimal address -882.
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The last cycle of header tone and SYNC bit
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---+ +-------------+ +-----+
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| | | | |
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+-------------+ +----+ |
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| 1300 microseconds | 200 | 250 | header tone | synchronous bit |
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The synchronous bit, generated by HEADR, is one half cycle of 2500 Hz, (200
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microseconds) and one half cycle of 2000 Hz, (250 microseconds). It is used to
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signal the end of the header tone and the start of the data.
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The data is recorded on the tape with a low starting address and a high ending
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address. Each byte of data is shifted out most significant bit first, least
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significant bit last. A zero bit is made up of one cycle of 2 kHz, (250
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microseconds per half cycle) and a one bit is one cycle of 1 kHz, (500
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microseconds per half cycle). This works out to 2000 baud for zeros only and
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1000 baud for ones, or an average of 1500 baud.
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A zero bit and a one bit
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+-----+ +----------+ +
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| | | | |
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+ +-----+ +----------+
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| 500 usec | 1000 usec |
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The checksum byte is written on the tape at the end of the data block. All
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during reading or writing each data byte is EXCLUSIVE OR-ed with the checksum
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byte. If the checksum computed during a read agrees with the checksum that was
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written out, then the data is probably good. This method will detect an odd
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number of errors for any of the eight bits of the byte.
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In writing data, the cassette output uses quite simple circuitry, a flip-flop
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connected through a voltage divider to the jack on the back panel of the
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Apple. Any time the address $C020 is accessed this flip-flop changes state.
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Accessing the flip-flop once every 500 microseconds generates a 1000 Hz
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tone.
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@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
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From: http://support.apple.com/kb/TA40737
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For reading data, the cassette recorder uses a more complicated input circuit
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consisting of a 741 operational amplifier configured as a zero crossing
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detector. Zero crossing detection means that whenever the voltage at the input
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jack goes from positive to negative (or negative to positive) the output of
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the amplifier switches from a 1 to a 0 (or 0 to 1). The detector is accessed
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by any read to address $C060. The sign bit (most significant bit) of the byte
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read reflects the detector status. The read routines continually EXCLUSIVE
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ORs this bit with the value most recently read to detect a change in state.
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The amount of time required to change state indicates the incoming frequency
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which then is used to determine if a one or a zero has been received. After
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detecting the first zero crossing at the start of the header, the read routine
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uses HEADR to generate a 3.5 delay, and then the read routine waits for the
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sync bit. After HEADR generates the synchronous bit, the read routine reads
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the data and puts it in the specified memory range.
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In using the cassette interface to either read or write, all you need do is
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specify an address range and execute the read or write subroutine. The
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address range is stored in four bytes, two for the first address to be saved
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and two for the last to be saved. In both cases the least significant byte is
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first.
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Commanding the cassette interface:
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1. from the monitor:
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If the start is $800 and the end is $9FF, then
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800.9FFW will write the data to the cassette and
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800.9FFR will retrieve it.
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2. from machine language:
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Again, if the start is $800 and the end is $9FF then store the address
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range,
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LDA #$00
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STA $3C starting address low
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LDA #$08
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STA $3D starting address high
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LDA #$FF
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STA $3E ending address low
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LDA #$09
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STA $3F ending address high
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JSR $FEDC write to block to tape
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The JSR $FEDC will write to the cassette; JSR $FEFD will read from the
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cassette.
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3. from BASIC:
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First set up the address range. If S = the start and E = the end then from
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integer BASIC,
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POKE 60,S MOD 256
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POKE 61,S / 256
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POKE 62,E MOD 256
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POKE 63,E / 256
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4. from APPLESOFT,
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POKE 60,S - INT(S / 256) * 256
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POKE 61,S / 256
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POKE 62,E - INT(E / 256) * 256
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POKE 63,E / 256
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|
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Then, to write out to cassette, use CALL -307; to read in from the cassette,
|
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use CALL -259.
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Reference in New Issue