# BlueSCSI
:toc: macro

BlueSCSI & ArdSCSino are hardware that reproduces SCSI devices (hard disks) with an Arduino STM32F103C (aka Blue Pill.)

`BlueSCSI` created by https://github.com/erichelgeson[erichelgeson] is a fork of `ArdSCSino-stm32` which adds:

* Usability Improvements
* Mac specific functionality
* Enable/Disable Passive SCSI termination
* An alternative power source if not able to be powered by the SCSI bus
* Documentation
* Open Hardware (KiCad & Grebers)

`ArdSCSino-stm32` created by https://github.com/ztto/ArdSCSino-stm32[ztto] is the STM32 version of `ArdSCSino`

`ArdSCSino` created by https://twitter.com/h_koma2[Tambo (TNB Seisakusho)]

image::docs/buynow.png[link=https://scsi.blue, 150]
image::docs/discordbanner.png[link=https://discord.gg/GKcvtgU7P9, 150]

Join us in #bluescsi on https://discord.gg/GKcvtgU7P9[Discord] or open an issue on this repo.

toc::[]

## Compatibility

If your computer is not listed below - it may be compatible but there is no guarantee it will work. This device is designed and tested to work with pre-PowerPC Macs.

### Compatible

#### Tested

SE, SE/30, Classic, Classic II, Mac II's, Mac IIsi(external power required), Color Classic, LC I/II/III, LC 475, LC 575

#### Partially Compatible

Mac Plus (hardware 1.0-c and above) - Only System 7 currenty works.

PowerPC - Some have had luck booting but is not recommended.

#### Reported by others

https://68kmla.org/forums/topic/61045-arduino-scsi-device-work-in-progress/?do=findComment&comment=663077[IIcx], https://68kmla.org/forums/topic/61045-arduino-scsi-device-work-in-progress/?do=findComment&comment=664446[PowerBook 100 (with custom adapter)]

## Performance

All tests done on a Color Classic with https://macintoshgarden.org/apps/scsi-director-pro-40[SCSI Director Pro 4]

* BlueSCSI
```
Max Read 1024 KB/sec
Max Write 900 KB/sec
Seek 1.05
```

* RaSCSI
```
Max Read 1181 KB/sec
Max Write 664 KB/sec
Seek 1.19
```

* SCS2SD v5.1
```
Max Read 523 KB/sec
Max Write 267 KB/sec
Seek 1.90
```

## Assembly

++++
See <a href="docs/assembly.md">docs/assembly.md</a>
++++

## Usage

Hard Disk image files are placed in the root directory of a `ExFat` or `FAT32` formatted SD card. https://twitter.com/theory_retro/status/1376571371694723076[`ExFat` may be much faster]. Use a premade or blank disk below. These images are compatible with the RaSCSI device and Basilisk II emulator.

The naming convention is as follows (file name max 32 characters). Note you may mount multiple drives at a time to different SCSI ID's.

`HDxy_512.hda`
```
HD - Hard Disk
x - SCSI ID to attach to. 0-7 (though 7 on a Macintosh is the System)
y - LUN id usually 0. 
512 - Sector size. Usually 512. 256, 512, & 1024 supported.
```

### Examples

`HD10_512.hda` - Hard Disk at SCSI ID 1, LUN 0, sector size of 512.

`HD51_512 System 6.0.8L LC.hda` - Hard Disk at SCSI ID 5, LUN 1, sector size of 512. Text between block size and .hda is ignored.

#### Bad 

`HD99_712 foo bar fizz buzz bang.hda` Over 32 chars and invalid SCSI/LUN/Block size

If no image files are found PC13 will pulse on and off. Check the LOG.txt on the root of the SD card for any errors.

### Premade Images

Premade images are handy to just drop onto your SD card and go. You can use an emulator such as https://www.emaculation.com/doku.php/basiliskii_osx_setup[Basilisk II] on your modern machine to get software from places like the https://macintoshgarden.com[Macintosh Garden] to your vintage mac.

* Premade from RaSCSI in BlueSCSI too - Rename the files based on the Usage instructions above. - http://macintoshgarden.org/apps/rascsi-68kmla-edition

### Blanks

These are blank, formatted drives. If you want to install an OS or software on an empty drive, use one of these.

* Preformatted HFS blank images in various sizes - https://github.com/erichelgeson/BlueSCSI/tree/main/docs/MacHD.zip

### Custom Disk Images (Advanced)

This technique is useful when you would like a disk image larger than the pre-built images in the previous section.

The following instructions demonstrates the process using https://ss64.com/osx/dd.html[dd] on a modern Mac:

1. Open terminal.
2. The following command will create a blank disk image. You can modify the command to suit your use.
   * `dd if=/dev/zero of=example.hda bs=1m count=500`
   * The `count` field defines the number of megabytes (`bs=1m`) the total disk image should be.
   * The output file from the command is "example.hda". This can be changed in the `of=example.hda` field.
3. Place the new blank disk image in the root directory of your SD card.
4. If you do not already have a tool to format SCSI drives, https://macintoshgarden.org/apps/lido-756[download LIDO]. You can use an emulator such as https://www.emaculation.com/doku.php/basiliskii_osx_setup[Basilisk II] to move files to the image to prepare your installation.
5. After booting into your target machine with the working Mac OS disk image on your BlueSCSI from step 3, format the blank disk.

### Termination

To enable termination place the two jumpers on the TERM block. Termination should be enabled if it is the last device in the SCSI chain, otherwise remove the jumpers if it is not.

## Troubleshooting

### Review the LOG.txt

There should logs that indicate what BlueSCSI did at startup.

### LED Flashes on and off 3x

This indicates BlueSCSI could not find any files on the SD card or communicate with the SD card.

Ensure your files are named properly (case sensitive) following the naming convetion in the readme.

If you recived a kit - verify all connections and that the outside of the SD holder is grounded.


### LED Flashes on and off 5x

Format your card with https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/

### Slow performance

Ensure you are using a good SD card. SD card quality can vary widely.

Format your card as ExFat - users have seen quite a jump in performance.

### (Kit Only) Verify you are not using a bad fake

https://github.com/keirf/Greaseweazle/wiki/STM32-Fakes[How to tell if your STM32 is fake]

### Older Version Specific Troubleshooting

<<docs/troubleshooting-1.0-b.adoc,Version 1.0-b>>

## Hardware Versions

### 1.1-a (in testing)

* Other SCSI connection types
* More silk screen art

### 1.0-c (Latest)

* Fixed issue with diode footprint being too small
* Fixed issue with external power and `TERMPOWER`

### 1.0-b

First release

## Development (Advanced)

Below is for users who wish to edit or develop on the BluePill - normal users should not need to worry about this.

### Setup PlatformIO IDE

Open the project in https://platformio.org/platformio-ide[PlatformIO IDE] and everything is pre-configured.

## Flashing

When flashing you have two options:

Flash by setting up the IDE and re-compiling and programming. If you are a developer and plan to contribute this method is what you should use.

You may also flash the `.bin` file directly from https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html[STM32CubeProgrammer]. Use this method if you are not a developer and just wish to get the code to the BluePill.

### Using STLink v2 (prefered)

1. Remove SD Card
2. Make sure the STLink is up to date - https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stsw-link007.html[Latest Firmware]
3. Connect pins `SWDIO`(2), `GND`(4), `SWCLK`(6), and `3.3v`(8) from the programmer to the Blue Pill. NOTE: These are not the same as Serial ports.
4. Run the https://docs.platformio.org/en/latest/integration/ide/vscode.html#project-tasks[PlatformIO: Upload] task.
5. You should see the LED `PC_13` flashing indicating no SD Card detected.
6. Insert SD Card, boot on your favorite Mac!

The following YoutTube video demonstrates the steps of flashing & updating your BlueSCSI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRLAOts_MTM

#### Trouble Shooting

If the device is not detected you may need to hold reset, click program, once it is detected release reset.

If you are unable to get the device in DFU mode for programming you may need to use https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html[STM32CubeProgrammer] to erase the chip.

### Alterantive upload methods

See the https://docs.platformio.org/en/latest/boards/ststm32/bluepill_f103c8.html#uploading[uploading] documentation on PlatformIO for alterantives.

### Using USB HID

Note: I have not been able to get this method to work. Please contribute to this document if you do.

## Notes

### Making Gerbers for JLCPCB

https://support.jlcpcb.com/article/44-how-to-export-kicad-pcb-to-gerber-files


BlueSCSI(TM) - Eric Helgeson - All rights reserved.