About section + components identification.
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Jean-David Gadina
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README.md
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README.md
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@ -4,7 +4,172 @@ XS Computer One - Apple 1 Replica Project
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About
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-----
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[ ... ]
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This project is an attempt to build a working replica of the [Apple-1] computer, made in 1976 by Steve Wozniak and released by Apple Computer Company, now Apple, Inc.
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Only about 200 units of this computer were made. Today, only about 60 units still exists, and less than 10 are known working.
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They are sometimes sold at auctions, for record prices. In 2012, one was sold for $671,000.
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To my knowledge, three replica projects exists:
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[Replica-1] by Vince Briel, [Mimeo-1] by Mike Willegal, and Obtronix by Steve Gabaly.
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The last two are exact replicas, while the first one uses actual components with a different motherboard layout.
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So this project will be (hopefully) a fourth one.
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I decided to build my own replica from scratch, as it's a very nice occasion to learn about electronics.
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As a programmer, I sometimes feel frustrated not to know more about this... ; )
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[Apple-1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_I
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[Replica-1]: http://www.brielcomputers.com/wordpress/?cat=17
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[Mimeo-1]: http://www.willegal.net/appleii/apple1.htm
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### Roadmap
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There's of course no real roadmap yet, as I'm currently learning as I go. The project will surely takes a huge amount of time, so don't expect results too soon.
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Here are the actual project parts:
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| # | Part | Status | Description |
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|---|--------------------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| 1 | Learn | In progress | Learn as much as possible on electronics, as I'm completely new to this. |
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| 2 | Test | | Experiment with a few basic PCB and components. |
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| 3 | Component Identification | In progress | Get the original component specification from the original schematics and documentation. |
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| 4 | Component Purchase | In progress | Purchase components or find alternatives if they are not available anymore. |
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| 5 | ROM | | Find a way to get the original ROM and have it built somehow. |
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| 6 | Prototype | | Get a prototype working on a breadboard. |
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| 7 | PCB Design | | Design the final PCB, as close as possible to the original Apple-1, and have it printed. |
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| 8 | Mounting | | Mount all components on the motherboard. |
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Tools & Equipment
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-----------------
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|---------------|------------|------------------------------|-------------|----------|--------|
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| B&K Precision | [DP 21] | Logic Probe / 20 MHz - 30 Ns | N/A | 1 | OK |
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| | | (Multimeter) | N/A | 1 | |
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| | | (Soldering Station) | N/A | 1 | |
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| | | (Desolder Pump) | N/A | 1 | |
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| | | (Solder) | N/A | 1 | |
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| | | (Breadboard) | N/A | 1 | |
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| | | (Power Transformer) | N/A | 1 | |
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***Note:*** *Any equivalent tool may be used. Tools listed here are the one I'll use for the project.*
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[DP 21]: http://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=DP_21virtualkey61500000virtualkey615-DP-21
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Hardware Parts - Power Supply
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-----------------------------
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### Power Transformers
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|----------|--------|
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| Stancor | [P-8380] | 117 V / 10 V CT - 3.0 A | Triad Magnetics [F-31X] | 1 | OK |
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| Stancor | [P-8667] | 117 V / 28 V CT - 1.0 A | Triad Magnetics [F40X] | 1 | OK |
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[P-8380]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=P-8380virtualkey53800000virtualkey802-P-8380
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[P-8667]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=P-8667virtualkey53800000virtualkey802-P-8667
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[F-31X]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=F-31Xvirtualkey55310000virtualkey553-F-31X
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[F40X]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=F40Xvirtualkey55310000virtualkey553-F40X
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### Rectifiers
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|-------------------------|----------|-------------------------|----------------|----------|--------|
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| ??? | MR500 | 50 V / 3.0 A | MCC [FR301-TP] | 4 | OK |
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| Fairchild Semiconductor | [1N4001] | 50 V / 1.0 A | N/A | 4 | OK |
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[FR301-TP]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=FR301-TPvirtualkey54720000virtualkey833-FR301-TP
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[1N4001]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=1N4001virtualkey51210000virtualkey512-1N4001
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### Capacitors
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|------------------|-----------------------------------------------|---------------------------|----------|--------|
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| Sprague | 53D113G025JP6 | Radial Aluminum Electrolytic / 15 V - 5300 uF | ??? | 1 | |
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| Sprague | 53D382G050JL6 | Radial Aluminum Electrolytic / 25 V - 2400 uF | ??? | 2 | |
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| Vishay | [MAL213826229E3] | Radial Aluminum Electrolytic / 25 V - 22 uF | Nichicon [TVX1E220MAD1LS] | 5 | OK |
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[MAL213826229E3]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=MAL213826229E3virtualkey59420000virtualkey594-2222-138-26229
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[TVX1E220MAD1LS]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=TVX1E220MAD1LSvirtualkey64700000virtualkey647-TVX1E220MAD1LS
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### Voltage Regulators
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|------------------------|------------------|--------------------------|------------------------------------|----------|--------|
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| STMicroelectronics | [LM323K] | +15 V / +5 V - 3.0 A | N/A | 1 | OK |
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| National Semiconductor | LM320 MP-5 | -15 V / -5 V - 1.0 A | Fairchild Semiconductor [LM7905CT] | 1 | OK |
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| National Semiconductor | LM320 MP-12 | -25 V / -12 V - 1.0 A | Fairchild Semiconductor [LM7912CT] | 1 | OK |
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| National Semiconductor | LM340-12 | +25 V / +12 V - 1.0 A | Fairchild Semiconductor [LM7812CT] | 1 | OK |
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[LM323K]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=LM323Kvirtualkey51120000virtualkey511-LM323K
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[LM7905CT]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=LM7905CTvirtualkey51210000virtualkey512-LM7905CT
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[LM7912CT]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=LM7912CTvirtualkey51210000virtualkey512-LM7912CT
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[LM7812CT]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=LM7812CTvirtualkey51210000virtualkey512-LM7812CT
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### Heatsinks
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|------------|---------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| Wakefield | [680-125A] | 1.5 C/W | N/A | 1 | OK |
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[680-125A]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=680-125Avirtualkey56720000virtualkey567-680-125A
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### Fuses
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|---------------|-------------------------------------------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| Littelfuse | | Axial Glass / 3AG Slo-Blo / 125 V - 0.5 A | ??? | 1 | |
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### Connectors
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|---------------|-----------------------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| Molex | [171813-0006] | 6-Pin Power Connector | N/A | 1 | OK |
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| ??? | ??? | 4-Pin Video Connector | ??? | 1 | |
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| ??? | ??? | 22-Pin Connector | ??? | 1 | |
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| ??? | ??? | B4 (Keyboard?) | ??? | 1 | |
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[171813-0006]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=171813-0006virtualkey53810000virtualkey538-171813-0006
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Hardware Parts - Terminal Section
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---------------------------------
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### Crystal
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|----------------|------------------------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| ECS | [ECS-143-S-1X] | HC-49/U / 14.31818 MHz | N/A | 1 | OK |
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[ECS-143-S-1X]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=ECS-143-S-1Xvirtualkey59070000virtualkey520-HCA1431-SX
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### ...
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Hardware Parts - Processor Section
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----------------------------------
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### Processor
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|----------------|----------|---------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| MOS Technology | 6502 | | ??? | 1 | |
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### Memory
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|----------|---------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| ??? | MK4096 | | ??? | 16 | |
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### PIA
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Status |
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|--------------|----------|------------------------------|---------------|----------|--------|
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| Motorola | MC6820CL | Peripheral Interface Adapter | ??? | 1 | OK |
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### ...
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Repository Infos
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