112 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
112 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
XS Computer One - Apple 1 Replica Project
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=========================================
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[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/macmade/XS-Computer-One.svg?branch=master&style=flat)](https://travis-ci.org/macmade/XS-Computer-One)
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[![Issues](http://img.shields.io/github/issues/macmade/XS-Computer-One.svg?style=flat)](https://github.com/macmade/XS-Computer-One/issues)
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![Status](https://img.shields.io/badge/status-active-brightgreen.svg?style=flat)
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![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-none-lightgray.svg?style=flat)
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[![Contact](https://img.shields.io/badge/contact-@macmade-blue.svg?style=flat)](https://twitter.com/macmade)
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[![Donate-Patreon](https://img.shields.io/badge/donate-patreon-yellow.svg?style=flat)](https://patreon.com/macmade)
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[![Donate-Gratipay](https://img.shields.io/badge/donate-gratipay-yellow.svg?style=flat)](https://www.gratipay.com/macmade)
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[![Donate-Paypal](https://img.shields.io/badge/donate-paypal-yellow.svg?style=flat)](https://paypal.me/xslabs)
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About
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-----
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This project is an attempt to build a working replica of the [Apple-1] computer, made in 1976 by Steve Wozniak and released by Apple Computer Company, now Apple, Inc.
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Only about 200 units of this computer were made. Today, only about 60 units still exists, and less than 10 are known working.
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They are sometimes sold at auctions, for record prices. In 2012, one was sold for $671,000.
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To my knowledge, three replica projects exists:
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[Replica-1] by Vince Briel, [Mimeo-1] by Mike Willegal, and Obtronix by Steve Gabaly.
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The last two are exact replicas, while the first one uses actual components with a different motherboard layout.
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So this project will be (hopefully) a fourth one.
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I decided to build my own replica from scratch, including the PCB design, as it's a very nice occasion to learn about electronics.
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As a programmer, I sometimes feel frustrated not to know more about this... ; )
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[Apple-1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_I
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[Replica-1]: http://www.brielcomputers.com/wordpress/?cat=17
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[Mimeo-1]: http://www.willegal.net/appleii/apple1.htm
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### Roadmap
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There's of course no real roadmap yet, as I'm currently learning as I go. The project will surely takes a huge amount of time, so don't expect results too soon.
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Here are the actual project parts:
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| # | Part | Status | Description |
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|---|--------------------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| 1 | Learn | In progress | Learn as much as possible on electronics, as I'm completely new to this. |
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| 2 | Test | | Experiment with a few basic PCB and components. |
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| 3 | Component Identification | Done | Get the original component specification from the original schematics and documentation. |
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| 4 | Component Purchase | In progress | Purchase components or find alternatives if they are not available anymore. |
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| 5 | ROM | | Find a way to get the original ROM and have it built somehow. |
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| 6 | Prototype | | Get a prototype working on a breadboard. |
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| 7 | PCB Design | | Design the final PCB, as close as possible to the original Apple-1, and have it printed. |
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| 8 | Mounting | | Mount all components on the motherboard. |
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Tools & Equipment
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-----------------
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Here are the tools I'll use for this project:
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| Manufacturer | Part No. | Details | Alternative | Quantity | Found | Status |
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|--------------------|----------------|-----------------------------------|-------------|----------|-------|--------|
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| B&K Precision | [DP 21] | Logic Probe / 20 MHz - 30 Ns | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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| Fluke | [87-V] | True RMS Digital Multimeter | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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| Global Specialties | [PB-105T] | Breadboard | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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| Power Bright | VC500W | 120 V / 220 V Voltage Transformer | N/A | 1 | No | - |
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| Weller | WECP-20 | Soldering Station | N/A | 1 | No | - |
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| Weller | [7881] | Desolder Pump | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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| Kester | [24-6040-0027] | Solder / 60/40 - 0.79 mm | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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| ArcOne | G-FLY-A1101 | Safety Goggles | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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| CadSoft | [EAGLE] | PCB Design Software | N/A | 1 | Yes | - |
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***Note:*** *Any equivalent tool may be used.*
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[DP 21]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=DP_21virtualkey61500000virtualkey615-DP-21
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[87-V]: http://ch.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Fluke/FLUKE-87-V/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMuBVu7Wy0UTy5lFkCyOv5Wu
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[PB-105T]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=PB-105Tvirtualkey51000000virtualkey510-PB-105T
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[7881]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=7881virtualkey57800000virtualkey578-7881
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[24-6040-0027]: https://ch.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?R=24-6040-0027virtualkey53300000virtualkey533-24-6040-27
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[EAGLE]: http://www.cadsoftusa.com/eagle-pcb-design-software/?language=en
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Documentation
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-------------
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I'm using the original schematics and original Apple-1 photos in order to identify the components and build the PCB.
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The original [**Apple-1 Operation Manual**](https://github.com/macmade/XS-Computer-One/blob/master/Documentation/Apple-1%20Operation%20Manual.pdf?raw=true) is included in the repository.
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Bill Of Materials
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-----------------
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The complete list of the Apple-1 components can be found in the [BOM.md](https://github.com/macmade/XS-Computer-One/blob/master/BOM.md) file.
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When the components are still available for purchase, links are provided ([Mouser Electronics](http://www.mouser.com/)).
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For vintage components, valid alternatives may be provided. In such a case, I try to find components that look the same as the original.
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Unfortunately, I haven't been able to find alternative for all components, so your best option to find those parts is on sites like [eBay](http://www.ebay.com/). Note that rare/vintage components can be expensive.
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Schematics
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----------
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Here's a schematic of motherboard layout, with all components.
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Note that the components' size is not respected, and their position is not always totally correct, but it's still better than looking at original pictures for quick component identification:
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![](https://github.com/macmade/XS-Computer-One/raw/master/Schematics/Apple-1 Board.png)
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Repository Infos
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Owner: Jean-David Gadina - XS-Labs
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Web: www.xs-labs.com
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Blog: www.noxeos.com
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Twitter: @macmade
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GitHub: github.com/macmade
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LinkedIn: ch.linkedin.com/in/macmade/
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StackOverflow: stackoverflow.com/users/182676/macmade
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