4.8 KiB
Apple IIe Keyboard USB
Arduino project to convert Apple IIe keyboard to USB using Teensy 2.0.
This is a modified version of RetroConnector's IIe-to-USB keyboard adapter code, changed to work with the Teensy 2.0 (atmega32u4) instead of the Teensy++. This modification also requires a parallel-in serial-out shift register such as as the 74HC165 or 74LS165.
Differences from the original code
The Apple IIe keyboard requires 24 pins, but the Teensy 2.0 only has 23 pins available while it's in HID USB mode.
This modified code works around this limitation by using 18 pins for the X/Y lines, and 4 pins to drive the shift register to read CONTROL, SHIFT, CAPS LOCK, OPEN/CLOSED APPLE and RESET.
This leaves one pin free that we give to the built-in LED to show the Caps-Lock state.
Wiring
Keyboard connector to Teensy 2.0
Connections from the 26-pin connector on the Apple IIe keyboard to the pins on the Teensy 2.0 pins. "--" denotes connection to the shift register, covered below.
IIe Connector Col/Row Arduino IDE Pin Teensy 2.0 Pin 1 Y0 0 B0 2 Y1 1 B1 3 +5V +5v +5v 4 Y2 2 B2 5 SW1/CAPL -- -- 6 Y3 3 B3 7 SW0/OAPL -- -- 8 Y4 24 E6 9 CAPLOCK -- -- 10 Y5 4 B7 11 CNTL -- -- 12 Y8 5 D0 13 GND GND GND 14 X0 6 D1 15 RESET -- -- 16 X2 9 C6 17 X7 17 F6 18 X1 10 C7 19 X5 16 F7 20 X3 23 D5 21 X4 15 B6 22 Y9 22 D4 23 Y6 14 B5 24 SHIFT -- -- 25 Y7 13 B4 26 X6 12 D7
Wiring note: With the keyboard sitting in front of you as though you were typing on it, pins 25/26 will be on the end of the connector closest to you, and pins 1/2 will be on the end of the connector farthest from you:
+----------------+ | | +-------+ | | | 1/2 | | KEYBOARD | | | | | | | 25/26 | | | +-------+ +----------------+
Modifier keys to shift register
Follows DIP-8 package: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/sn74ls165a.pdf
IIe Connector Col/Row Shift Register Input Notes 5 SW1/CAPL B (pin 12) Active High 7 SW0/OAPL A (pin 11) Active High 9 CAPLOCK E (pin 3) Active Low, needs pull-up 11 CNTL H (pin 6) Active Low, needs pull-up 15 RESET G (pin 5) Active Low, needs pull-up, active low (only active with Control) 24 SHIFT F (pin 4) Active Low, needs pull-up
Shift Register Pins-to-Keys: 0: open-apple, pull-down, active high 1: closed-apple, pull-down, active high 2: unused 3: unused 4: Caps-Lock, pull-up, active low 5: Shift, pull-up, active low 6: Reset, pull-up, active low (only active with Control) 7: Control, pull-up, active low
Shift register to Teensy 2.0
Teensy 2.0 Pin Shift Register Pin 18/F5 1: Parallel Load / SH/LD (active low) 19/F4 15: Clock Enable / CLK INH (active low) 20/F1 2: Clock Pulse / CLK (low-to-high edge triggered) 21/F0 9: Data Pin (Q7) +5v 16: VCC GND 8: GND
Follows DIP-8 package: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/sn74ls165a.pdf
Other Pins
Leave these unconnected.
Teensy 2.0 Purpose 7/D2 USB RX 8/D3 USB TX 11/D6 Caps Lock LED (LED_BUILTIN)
Changes
Jan 24, 2017: Initial Commit
Credits
This modification is by Matthew Nielsen, and can be found at: https://github.com/xunker/apple_iie_keyboard_usb
This is based on the original code by RetroConnector: https://github.com/option8/RetroConnector/blob/master/IIe-USB
Shift Register code is pulled from the Arduino Playground: http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/ShiftRegSN74HC165N
It uses the Keypad library, by Mark Stanley and Alexander Brevig: http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Code/Keypad
Keyboard pinout information is from Apple.info: http://apple2.info/wiki/index.php?title=Pinouts#Apple_.2F.2Fe_Motherboard_keyboard_connector