The intent of this document is to be the go-to document for anybody who
wants to write new documentation, but isn't familiar with Sphinx.
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isa<> et al. automatically infer when the cast is an upcast (including a
self-cast), so these are no longer necessary.
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Recent changes to isa<>/dyn_cast<> have made unnecessary those classof()
of the form:
static bool classof(const Foo *) { return true; }
Accordingly, remove mention of such classof() from the documentation.
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Additionally, all such cases are handled with no dynamic check.
All `classof()` of the form
class Foo {
[...]
static bool classof(const Bar *) { return true; }
[...]
}
where Foo is an ancestor of Bar are no longer necessary.
Don't write them!
Note: The exact test is `is_base_of<Foo, Bar>`, which is non-strict, so
that Foo is considered an ancestor of itself.
This leads to the following rule of thumb for LLVM-style RTTI:
The argument type of `classof()` should be a strict ancestor.
For more information about implementing LLVM-style RTTI, see
docs/HowToSetUpLLVMStyleRTTI.rst
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This classof() is effectively saying that a MachineCodeEmitter "is-a"
JITEmitter, but JITEmitter is in fact a descendant of
MachineCodeEmitter, so this is not semantically correct. Consequently,
none of the assertions that rely on these classof() actualy check
anything.
Remove the RTTI (which didn't actually check anything) and use
static_cast<> instead.
Post-Mortem Bug Analysis
========================
Cause of the bug
----------------
r55022 appears to be the source of the classof() and assertions removed
by this commit. It aimed at removing some dynamic_cast<> that were
solely in the assertions. A typical diff hunk from that commit looked
like:
- assert(dynamic_cast<JITEmitter*>(MCE) && "Unexpected MCE?");
- JITEmitter *JE = static_cast<JITEmitter*>(getCodeEmitter());
+ assert(isa<JITEmitter>(MCE) && "Unexpected MCE?");
+ JITEmitter *JE = cast<JITEmitter>(getCodeEmitter());
Hence, the source of the bug then seems to be an attempt to replace
dynamic_cast<> with LLVM-style RTTI without properly setting up the
class hierarchy for LLVM-style RTTI. The bug therefore appears to be
simply a "thinko".
What initially indicated the presence of the bug
------------------------------------------------
After implementing automatic upcasting for isa<>, classof() functions of
the form
static bool classof(const Foo *) { return true; }
were removed, since they only serve the purpose of optimizing
statically-OK upcasts. A subsequent recompilation triggered a build
failure on the isa<> tests within the removed asserts, since the
automatic upcasting (correctly) failed to substitute this classof().
Key to pinning down the root cause of the bug
---------------------------------------------
After being alerted to the presence of the bug, some thought about the
semantics which were being asserted by the buggy classof() revealed that
it was incorrect.
How the bug could have been prevented
-------------------------------------
This bug could have been prevented by better documentation for how to
set up LLVM-style RTTI. This should be solved by the recently added
documentation HowToSetUpLLVMStyleRTTI. However, this bug suggests that
the documentation should clearly explain the contract that classof()
must fulfill. The HowToSetUpLLVMStyleRTTI already explains this
contract, but it is a little tucked away. A future patch will expand
that explanation and make it more prominent.
There does not appear to be a simple way to have the compiler prevent
this bug, since fundamentally it boiled down to a spurious classof()
where the programmer made an erroneous statement about the conversion.
This suggests that perhaps the interface to LLVM-style RTTI of classof()
is not the best. There is already some evidence for this, since in a
number of places Clang has classof() forward to classofKind(Kind K)
which evaluates the cast in terms of just the Kind. This could probably
be generalized to simply a `static const Kind MyKind;` field in leaf
classes and `static const Kind firstMyKind, lastMyKind;` for non-leaf
classes, and have the rest of the work be done inside Casting.h,
assuming that the Kind enum is laid out in a preorder traversal of the
inheritance tree.
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When all cases of a switch statement are dead, the weights vector only has one
element, and we will get an ssertion failure when calling createBranchWeights.
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to the instruction position. The old encoding would give an absolute
ID which counts up within a function, and only resets at the next function.
I.e., Instead of having:
... = icmp eq i32 n-1, n-2
br i1 ..., label %bb1, label %bb2
it will now be roughly:
... = icmp eq i32 1, 2
br i1 1, label %bb1, label %bb2
This makes it so that ids remain relatively small and can be encoded
in fewer bits.
With this encoding, forward reference operands will be given
negative-valued IDs. Use signed VBRs for the most common case
of forward references, which is phi instructions.
To retain backward compatibility we bump the bitcode version
from 0 to 1 to distinguish between the different encodings.
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Not all instructions define a virtual register in their first operand.
Specifically, INLINEASM has a different format.
<rdar://problem/12472811>
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For function calls on the 64-bit PowerPC SVR4 target, each parameter
is mapped to as many doublewords in the parameter save area as
necessary to hold the parameter. The first 13 non-varargs
floating-point values are passed in registers; any additional
floating-point parameters are passed in the parameter save area. A
single-precision floating-point parameter (32 bits) must be mapped to
the second (rightmost, low-order) word of its assigned doubleword
slot.
Currently LLVM violates this ABI requirement by mapping such a
parameter to the first (leftmost, high-order) word of its assigned
doubleword slot. This is internally self-consistent but will not
interoperate correctly with libraries compiled with an ABI-compliant
compiler.
This patch corrects the problem by adjusting the parameter addressing
on both sides of the calling convention.
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Note: [D]M{T,F}CP2 is just a recommended encoding. Vendors often provide a
custom CP2 that interprets instructions differently and may wish to add their
own instructions that use this opcode. We should ensure that this is easy to
do. I will probably add a 'has custom CP{0-3}' subtarget flag to make this
easy: We want to avoid the GCC situation where every MIPS vendor makes a custom
fork that breaks every other MIPS CPU and so can't be merged upstream.
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Patch from Preston Briggs <preston.briggs@gmail.com>.
This is an updated version of the dependence-analysis patch, including an MIV
test based on Banerjee's inequalities.
It's a fairly complete implementation of the paper
Practical Dependence Testing
Gina Goff, Ken Kennedy, and Chau-Wen Tseng
PLDI 1991
It cannot yet propagate constraints between coupled RDIV subscripts (discussed
in Section 5.3.2 of the paper).
It's organized as a FunctionPass with a single entry point that supports testing
for dependence between two instructions in a function. If there's no dependence,
it returns null. If there's a dependence, it returns a pointer to a Dependence
which can be queried about details (what kind of dependence, is it loop
independent, direction and distance vector entries, etc). I haven't included
every imaginable feature, but there's a good selection that should be adequate
for supporting many loop transformations. Of course, it can be extended as
necessary.
Included in the patch file are many test cases, commented with C code showing
the loops and array references.
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value but later turns out to be a function.
Unfortunately, we can't fold tests into a single file because we only get one
error out of llvm-as.
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Original message:
The attached is the fix to radar://11663049. The optimization can be outlined by following rules:
(select (x != c), e, c) -> select (x != c), e, x),
(select (x == c), c, e) -> select (x == c), x, e)
where the <c> is an integer constant.
The reason for this change is that : on x86, conditional-move-from-constant needs two instructions;
however, conditional-move-from-register need only one instruction.
While the LowerSELECT() sounds to be the most convenient place for this optimization, it turns out to be a bad place. The reason is that by replacing the constant <c> with a symbolic value, it obscure some instruction-combining opportunities which would otherwise be very easy to spot. For that reason, I have to postpone the change to last instruction-combining phase.
The change passes the test of "make check-all -C <build-root/test" and "make -C project/test-suite/SingleSource".
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the compiler makes use of GPR0. However, there are two flavors of
GPR0 defined by the target: the 32-bit GPR0 (R0) and the 64-bit GPR0
(X0). The spill/reload code makes use of R0 regardless of whether we
are generating 32- or 64-bit code.
This patch corrects the problem in the obvious manner, using X0 and
ADDI8 for 64-bit and R0 and ADDI for 32-bit.
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the Altivec extensions were introduced. Its use is optional, and
allows the compiler to communicate to the operating system which
vector registers should be saved and restored during a context switch.
In practice, this information is ignored by the various operating
systems using the SVR4 ABI; the kernel saves and restores the entire
register state. Setting the VRSAVE register is no longer performed by
the AIX XL compilers, the IBM i compilers, or by GCC on Power Linux
systems. It seems best to avoid this logic within LLVM as well.
This patch avoids generating code to update and restore VRSAVE for the
PowerPC SVR4 ABIs (32- and 64-bit). The code remains in place for the
Darwin ABI.
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The minimum set of required instructions is ISD::AND, ISD::OR, ISD::SETO(or ISD::SETOEQ) and ISD::SETUO(or ISD::SETUNE). Everything is expanded into one of two patterns:
Pattern 1: (LHS CC1 RHS) Opc (LHS CC2 RHS)
Pattern 2: (LHS CC1 LHS) Opc (RHS CC2 RHS)
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Some of these dyn_cast<>'s would be better phrased as isa<> or cast<>.
That will happen in a future patch.
There are also two dyn_cast_or_null<>'s slipped in instead of
dyn_cast<>'s, since they were causing crashes with just dyn_cast<>.
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