fix bug where non-inlined asmsub didn't always get a proper RTS, causing program crash

was caused by a change in 7.8; 8ae3bad6f7 "fix rts in empty asmsub"

.idea/kotlinc.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="Kotlin2JvmCompilerArguments">
-    <option name="jvmTarget" value="11" />
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 <project version="4">
   <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
     <modules>
-      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGeneration/codeGeneration.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGeneration/codeGeneration.iml" />
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGenCpu6502/codeGenCpu6502.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGenCpu6502/codeGenCpu6502.iml" />
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGenExperimental6502/codeGenExperimental6502.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGenExperimental6502/codeGenExperimental6502.iml" />
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGenTargets/codeGenTargets.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/codeGenTargets/codeGenTargets.iml" />
       <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/codeOptimizers/codeOptimizers.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/codeOptimizers/codeOptimizers.iml" />
       <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/compiler/compiler.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/compiler/compiler.iml" />
       <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/compilerAst/compilerAst.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/compilerAst/compilerAst.iml" />

CompilerDevelopment.md

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 * The same argument applies to `IMemSizer`, and - not entirely sure about that - `IBuiltinFunctions`.
 
 #### Steps to take, in conceptual (!) order:
+
+(note: all these steps have been implemented, rejected or otherwise solved now.)
+
 1. introduce an abstraction `SourceCode` that encapsulates the origin and actual loading of Prog8 source code
    - from the local file system (use case: user programs)
    - from resources (prog8lib)

README.md

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ What does Prog8 provide?
 - small program boilerplate/compilersupport overhead
 - programs can be run multiple times without reloading because of automatic variable (re)initializations.
 - conditional branches
-- 'when' statement to provide a concise jump table alternative to if/elseif chains
+- ``when`` statement to provide a concise jump table alternative to if/elseif chains
+- ``in`` expression for concise and efficient multi-value/containment check 
 - many built-in functions such as ``sin``, ``cos``, ``rnd``, ``abs``, ``min``, ``max``, ``sqrt``, ``msb``, ``rol``, ``ror``, ``swap``, ``sort`` and ``reverse``
 - various powerful built-in libraries to do I/O, number conversions, graphics and more  
 - convenience abstractions for low level aspects such as ZeroPage handling, program startup, explicit memory addresses
@@ -52,11 +53,12 @@ What does Prog8 provide?
 - breakpoints, that let the Vice emulator drop into the monitor if execution hits them
 - source code labels automatically loaded in Vice emulator so it can show them in disassembly
 
-*Two supported compiler targets* (contributions to improve these or to add support for other machines are welcome!):
+*Multiple supported compiler targets* (contributions to improve these or to add support for other machines are welcome!):
 
-- "c64": Commodore-64  (6510 CPU = almost a 6502)
+- "c64": Commodore-64  (6502 like CPU)
+- "c128": Commodore-128  (6502 like CPU - the Z80 cpu mode is not supported)
 - "cx16": [CommanderX16](https://www.commanderx16.com)  (65c02 CPU)
-- If you only use standard kernal and prog8 library routines, it is possible to compile the *exact same program* for both machines (just change the compiler target flag)!
+- If you only use standard kernal and prog8 library routines, it is possible to compile the *exact same program* for different machines (just change the compiler target flag)
 
 
 

codeGenCpu6502/codeGenCpu6502.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="JAVA_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager" inherit-compiler-output="true">
+    <exclude-output />
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src" isTestSource="false" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build" />
+    </content>
+    <orderEntry type="inheritedJdk" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+    <orderEntry type="library" name="KotlinJavaRuntime" level="project" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="compilerAst" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="compilerInterfaces" />
+    <orderEntry type="library" name="michael.bull.kotlin.result.jvm" level="project" />
+  </component>
+</module>

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/AsmOptimizer.kt

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.VarDeclType
-import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IMachineDefinition
 
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import prog8.compilerinterface.IMachineDefinition
 // note: see https://wiki.nesdev.org/w/index.php/6502_assembly_optimisations
 
 
-fun optimizeAssembly(lines: MutableList<String>, machine: IMachineDefinition, program: Program): Int {
+internal fun optimizeAssembly(lines: MutableList<String>, machine: IMachineDefinition, program: Program): Int {
 
     var numberOfOptimizations = 0
 
@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@ fun optimizeAssembly(lines: MutableList<String>, machine: IMachineDefinition, pr
     return numberOfOptimizations
 }
 
+private fun String.isBranch() = this.startsWith("b")
+private fun String.isStoreReg() = this.startsWith("sta") || this.startsWith("sty") || this.startsWith("stx")
+private fun String.isStoreRegOrZero() = this.isStoreReg() || this.startsWith("stz")
+private fun String.isLoadReg() = this.startsWith("lda") || this.startsWith("ldy") || this.startsWith("ldx")
+
 private class Modification(val lineIndex: Int, val remove: Boolean, val replacement: String?)
 
 private fun apply(modifications: List<Modification>, lines: MutableList<String>) {
@@ -196,9 +201,9 @@ private fun optimizeSameAssignments(linesByFourteen: List<List<IndexedValue<Stri
         sta  A1
         sty  A2
          */
-        if(first.startsWith("st") && second.startsWith("st")
-            && third.startsWith("ld") && fourth.startsWith("ld")
-            && fifth.startsWith("st") && sixth.startsWith("st")) {
+        if(first.isStoreReg() && second.isStoreReg()
+            && third.isLoadReg() && fourth.isLoadReg()
+            && fifth.isStoreReg() && sixth.isStoreReg()) {
             val reg1 = first[2]
             val reg2 = second[2]
             val reg3 = third[2]
@@ -227,8 +232,8 @@ private fun optimizeSameAssignments(linesByFourteen: List<List<IndexedValue<Stri
         lda  A1     ; can be removed
         ldy  A2     ; can be removed if not followed by a branch instuction
          */
-        if(!overlappingMods && first.startsWith("st") && second.startsWith("st")
-            && third.startsWith("ld") && fourth.startsWith("ld")) {
+        if(!overlappingMods && first.isStoreReg() && second.isStoreReg()
+            && third.isLoadReg() && fourth.isLoadReg()) {
             val reg1 = first[2]
             val reg2 = second[2]
             val reg3 = third[2]
@@ -249,13 +254,14 @@ private fun optimizeSameAssignments(linesByFourteen: List<List<IndexedValue<Stri
                 }
             }
         }
+
         /*
         sta  A1
-        sty  A2
+        sty  A2     ; ... or stz
         lda  A1     ; can be removed if not followed by a branch instruction
          */
-        if(!overlappingMods && first.startsWith("st") && second.startsWith("st")
-            && third.startsWith("ld") && !fourth.startsWith("b")) {
+        if(!overlappingMods && first.isStoreReg() && second.isStoreRegOrZero()
+            && third.isLoadReg() && !fourth.isBranch()) {
             val reg1 = first[2]
             val reg3 = third[2]
             if(reg1==reg3) {
@@ -276,7 +282,7 @@ private fun optimizeSameAssignments(linesByFourteen: List<List<IndexedValue<Stri
         ldy  A1     ; make tay
         sta  A1     ; remove
          */
-        if(!overlappingMods && first.startsWith("sta") && second.startsWith("ld")
+        if(!overlappingMods && first.startsWith("sta") && second.isLoadReg()
             && third.startsWith("sta") && second.length>4) {
             val firstvalue = first.substring(4)
             val secondvalue = second.substring(4)
@@ -293,10 +299,10 @@ private fun optimizeSameAssignments(linesByFourteen: List<List<IndexedValue<Stri
         }
 
         /*
-        sta  A
-        sta  A
+        sta  A   ; or stz     double store, remove this first one
+        sta  A   ; or stz
          */
-        if(!overlappingMods && first.startsWith("st") && second.startsWith("st")) {
+        if(!overlappingMods && first.isStoreRegOrZero() && second.isStoreRegOrZero()) {
             if(first[2]==second[2]) {
                 val firstvalue = first.substring(4)
                 val secondvalue = second.substring(4)
@@ -304,7 +310,7 @@ private fun optimizeSameAssignments(linesByFourteen: List<List<IndexedValue<Stri
                     val address = getAddressArg(first, program)
                     if(address==null || !machine.isIOAddress(address)) {
                         overlappingMods = true
-                        mods.add(Modification(lines[1].index, true, null))
+                        mods.add(Modification(lines[0].index, true, null))
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -333,7 +339,7 @@ private fun optimizeStoreLoadSame(linesByFour: List<List<IndexedValue<String>>>,
         ) {
             val third = lines[3].value.trimStart()
             val attemptRemove =
-                if(third.startsWith("b")) {
+                if(third.isBranch()) {
                     // a branch instruction follows, we can only remove the load instruction if
                     // another load instruction of the same register precedes the store instruction
                     // (otherwise wrong cpu flags are used)
@@ -400,7 +406,7 @@ private fun getAddressArg(line: String, program: Program): UInt? {
                     when(decl.type){
                         VarDeclType.VAR -> null
                         VarDeclType.CONST,
-                        VarDeclType.MEMORY -> (decl.value as NumericLiteralValue).number.toUInt()
+                        VarDeclType.MEMORY -> (decl.value as NumericLiteral).number.toUInt()
                     }
                 }
                 else null

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/AssemblyProgram.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
+
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Ok
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Result
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.mapError
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+import prog8.parser.SourceCode
+import java.io.File
+import java.nio.file.Path
+import kotlin.io.path.Path
+import kotlin.io.path.isRegularFile
+
+
+internal class AssemblyProgram(
+        override val name: String,
+        outputDir: Path,
+        private val compTarget: ICompilationTarget) : IAssemblyProgram {
+
+    private val assemblyFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.asm")
+    private val prgFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.prg")        // CBM prg executable program
+    private val xexFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.xex")        // Atari xex executable program
+    private val binFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.bin")
+    private val viceMonListFile = outputDir.resolve(viceMonListName(name))
+    private val listFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.list")
+
+    override fun assemble(options: CompilationOptions): Boolean {
+
+        val assemblerCommand: List<String>
+
+        when (compTarget.name) {
+            in setOf("c64", "c128", "cx16") -> {
+                // CBM machines .prg generation.
+
+                // add "-Wlong-branch"  to see warnings about conversion of branch instructions to jumps (default = do this silently)
+                val command = mutableListOf("64tass", "--ascii", "--case-sensitive", "--long-branch",
+                    "-Wall", "-Wno-strict-bool", "-Wno-shadow", // "-Werror",
+                    "--dump-labels", "--vice-labels", "--labels=$viceMonListFile", "--no-monitor"
+                )
+
+                if(options.asmQuiet)
+                    command.add("--quiet")
+
+                if(options.asmListfile)
+                    command.add("--list=$listFile")
+
+                val outFile = when (options.output) {
+                    OutputType.PRG -> {
+                        command.add("--cbm-prg")
+                        println("\nCreating prg for target ${compTarget.name}.")
+                        prgFile
+                    }
+                    OutputType.RAW -> {
+                        command.add("--nostart")
+                        println("\nCreating raw binary for target ${compTarget.name}.")
+                        binFile
+                    }
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid output type")
+                }
+                command.addAll(listOf("--output", outFile.toString(), assemblyFile.toString()))
+                assemblerCommand = command
+
+            }
+            "atari" -> {
+                // Atari800XL .xex generation.
+
+                // TODO are these options okay?
+                val command = mutableListOf("64tass", "--ascii", "--case-sensitive", "--long-branch",
+                    "-Wall", "-Wno-strict-bool", "-Wno-shadow", // "-Werror",
+                    "--no-monitor"
+                )
+
+                if(options.asmQuiet)
+                    command.add("--quiet")
+
+                if(options.asmListfile)
+                    command.add("--list=$listFile")
+
+                val outFile = when (options.output) {
+                    OutputType.XEX -> {
+                        command.add("--atari-xex")
+                        println("\nCreating xex for target ${compTarget.name}.")
+                        xexFile
+                    }
+                    OutputType.RAW -> {
+                        command.add("--nostart")
+                        println("\nCreating raw binary for target ${compTarget.name}.")
+                        binFile
+                    }
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid output type")
+                }
+                command.addAll(listOf("--output", outFile.toString(), assemblyFile.toString()))
+                assemblerCommand = command
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid compilation target")
+        }
+
+        val proc = ProcessBuilder(assemblerCommand).inheritIO().start()
+        val result = proc.waitFor()
+        if (result == 0 && compTarget.name!="atari") {
+            removeGeneratedLabelsFromMonlist()
+            generateBreakpointList()
+        }
+        return result==0
+    }
+
+    private fun removeGeneratedLabelsFromMonlist() {
+        val pattern = Regex("""al (\w+) \S+${generatedLabelPrefix}.+?""")
+        val lines = viceMonListFile.toFile().readLines()
+        viceMonListFile.toFile().outputStream().bufferedWriter().use {
+            for (line in lines) {
+                if(pattern.matchEntire(line)==null)
+                    it.write(line+"\n")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun generateBreakpointList() {
+        // builds list of breakpoints, appends to monitor list file
+        val breakpoints = mutableListOf<String>()
+        val pattern = Regex("""al (\w+) \S+_prog8_breakpoint_\d+.?""")      // gather breakpoints by the source label that's generated for them
+        for (line in viceMonListFile.toFile().readLines()) {
+            val match = pattern.matchEntire(line)
+            if (match != null)
+                breakpoints.add("break \$" + match.groupValues[1])
+        }
+        val num = breakpoints.size
+        breakpoints.add(0, "; vice monitor breakpoint list now follows")
+        breakpoints.add(1, "; $num breakpoints have been defined")
+        breakpoints.add(2, "del")
+        viceMonListFile.toFile().appendText(breakpoints.joinToString("\n") + "\n")
+    }
+}
+
+
+internal fun loadAsmIncludeFile(filename: String, source: SourceCode): Result<String, NoSuchFileException> {
+    return if (filename.startsWith(SourceCode.libraryFilePrefix)) {
+        return com.github.michaelbull.result.runCatching {
+            SourceCode.Resource("/prog8lib/${filename.substring(SourceCode.libraryFilePrefix.length)}").text
+        }.mapError { NoSuchFileException(File(filename)) }
+    } else {
+        val sib = Path(source.origin).resolveSibling(filename)
+        if (sib.isRegularFile())
+            Ok(SourceCode.File(sib).text)
+        else
+            Ok(SourceCode.File(Path(filename)).text)
+    }
+}

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
 
 import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
 import prog8.ast.Node
@@ -6,27 +6,66 @@ import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.ArrayIndex
+import prog8.ast.statements.BuiltinFunctionCallStatement
 import prog8.ast.statements.DirectMemoryWrite
-import prog8.ast.statements.FunctionCallStatement
 import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
 import prog8.ast.toHex
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compiler.target.Cx16Target
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.*
-import prog8.compilerinterface.CpuType
-import prog8.compilerinterface.FSignature
-import prog8.compilerinterface.subroutineFloatEvalResultVar2
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.*
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
 
-internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen, private val assignAsmGen: AssignmentAsmGen) {
 
-    internal fun translateFunctioncallExpression(fcall: FunctionCall, func: FSignature, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?) {
+internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program,
+                                      private val asmgen: AsmGen,
+                                      private val assignAsmGen: AssignmentAsmGen,
+                                      private val allocations: VariableAllocator) {
+
+    internal fun translateFunctioncallExpression(fcall: BuiltinFunctionCall, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?) {
+        val func = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(fcall.target.nameInSource.single())
         translateFunctioncall(fcall, func, discardResult = false, resultToStack = resultToStack, resultRegister = resultRegister)
     }
 
-    internal fun translateFunctioncallStatement(fcall: FunctionCallStatement, func: FSignature) {
+    internal fun translateFunctioncallStatement(fcall: BuiltinFunctionCallStatement) {
+        val func = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(fcall.name)
         translateFunctioncall(fcall, func, discardResult = true, resultToStack = false, resultRegister = null)
     }
 
+    internal fun translateUnaryFunctioncall(name: String, singleArg: AsmAssignSource, isStatement: Boolean, scope: Subroutine): DataType {
+        val func = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(name)
+        val argExpression =
+            when(singleArg.kind) {
+                SourceStorageKind.LITERALNUMBER -> singleArg.number!!
+                SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION -> singleArg.expression!!
+                SourceStorageKind.ARRAY -> singleArg.array!!
+                else -> {
+                    // TODO make it so that we can assign efficiently from something else as an expression....namely: register(s)
+                    //      this is useful in pipe expressions for instance, to skip the use of a temporary variable
+                    //      but for now, just assign it to a temporary variable and use that as a source
+                    //      Idea: to do this without having to rewrite every single function in translateFunctioncall(),
+                    //            hack a special IdentifierReference like "!6502.A/X/Y/AX/AY/XY" to reference a cpu register
+                    val tempvar = asmgen.getTempVarName(singleArg.datatype)
+                    val assignTempvar = AsmAssignment(
+                        singleArg,
+                        AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, singleArg.datatype, scope, variableAsmName = asmgen.asmVariableName(tempvar)),
+                        false, program.memsizer, Position.DUMMY
+                    )
+                    assignAsmGen.translateNormalAssignment(assignTempvar)
+                    // now use an expression to assign this tempvar
+                    val ident = IdentifierReference(tempvar, Position.DUMMY)
+                    ident.linkParents(scope)
+                    ident
+                }
+            }
+        val argExpressions = mutableListOf(argExpression);
+        val fcall = BuiltinFunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf(name), Position.DUMMY), argExpressions, Position.DUMMY)
+        fcall.linkParents(scope)
+        translateFunctioncall(fcall, func, discardResult = false, resultToStack = false, null)
+        return if(isStatement) {
+            DataType.UNDEFINED
+        } else {
+            builtinFunctionReturnType(func.name, argExpressions, program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
+        }
+    }
+
     private fun translateFunctioncall(fcall: IFunctionCall, func: FSignature, discardResult: Boolean, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?) {
         if (discardResult && func.pure)
             return  // can just ignore the whole function call altogether
@@ -66,9 +105,22 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             "peekw" -> funcPeekW(fcall, resultToStack, resultRegister)
             "peek" -> throw AssemblyError("peek() should have been replaced by @()")
             "pokew" -> funcPokeW(fcall)
+            "pokemon" -> { /* meme function */ }
             "poke" -> throw AssemblyError("poke() should have been replaced by @()")
-            "push", "pushw" -> funcPush(fcall, func)
-            "pop", "popw" -> funcPop(fcall, func)
+            "push" -> asmgen.pushCpuStack(DataType.UBYTE, fcall.args[0])
+            "pushw" -> asmgen.pushCpuStack(DataType.UWORD, fcall.args[0])
+            "pop" -> {
+                require(fcall.args[0] is IdentifierReference) {
+                    "attempt to pop a value into a differently typed variable, or in something else that isn't supported ${(fcall as Node).position}"
+                }
+                asmgen.popCpuStack(DataType.UBYTE, (fcall.args[0] as IdentifierReference).targetVarDecl(program)!!, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine)
+            }
+            "popw" -> {
+                require(fcall.args[0] is IdentifierReference) {
+                    "attempt to pop a value into a differently typed variable, or in something else that isn't supported ${(fcall as Node).position}"
+                }
+                asmgen.popCpuStack(DataType.UWORD, (fcall.args[0] as IdentifierReference).targetVarDecl(program)!!, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine)
+            }
             "rsave" -> funcRsave()
             "rsavex" -> funcRsaveX()
             "rrestore" -> funcRrestore()
@@ -131,119 +183,8 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             asmgen.out("  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1 |  pla |  tax |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1")
     }
 
-    private fun funcPop(fcall: IFunctionCall, func: FSignature) {
-        // note: because A is pushed first so popped last, saving A is often not required here.
-        require(fcall.args[0] is IdentifierReference) {
-            "attempt to pop a value into a differently typed variable, or in something else that isn't supported ${(fcall as Node).position}"
-        }
-        val target = (fcall.args[0] as IdentifierReference).targetVarDecl(program)!!
-        val parameter = target.subroutineParameter
-        if(parameter!=null) {
-            val sub = parameter.definingSubroutine!!
-            require(sub.isAsmSubroutine) {
-                "push/pop arg passing only supported on asmsubs ${(fcall as Node).position}"
-            }
-            val shouldKeepA = sub.asmParameterRegisters.any { it.registerOrPair==RegisterOrPair.AX || it.registerOrPair==RegisterOrPair.AY }
-            val reg = sub.asmParameterRegisters[sub.parameters.indexOf(parameter)]
-            if(reg.statusflag!=null) {
-                if(shouldKeepA)
-                    asmgen.out("  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG")
-                asmgen.out("""
-                    clc
-                    pla
-                    beq  +
-                    sec
-+""")
-                if(shouldKeepA)
-                    asmgen.out("  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG")
-            }
-            else {
-                if (func.name == "pop") {
-                    if (asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02)) {
-                        when (reg.registerOrPair) {
-                            RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  pla")
-                            RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("  plx")
-                            RegisterOrPair.Y -> asmgen.out("  ply")
-                            in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> asmgen.out("  pla |  sta  cx16.${reg.registerOrPair!!.name.lowercase()}")
-                            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid target register ${reg.registerOrPair}")
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        when (reg.registerOrPair) {
-                            RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  pla")
-                            RegisterOrPair.X -> {
-                                if(shouldKeepA)
-                                    asmgen.out("  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  pla |  tax |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG")
-                                else
-                                    asmgen.out("  pla |  tax")
-                            }
-                            RegisterOrPair.Y -> {
-                                if(shouldKeepA)
-                                    asmgen.out("  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  pla |  tay |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG")
-                                else
-                                    asmgen.out("  pla |  tay")
-                            }
-                            in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> asmgen.out("  pla |  sta  cx16.${reg.registerOrPair!!.name.lowercase()}")
-                            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid target register ${reg.registerOrPair}")
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    // word pop
-                    if (asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
-                        when (reg.registerOrPair) {
-                            RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  plx |  pla")
-                            RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  ply |  pla")
-                            RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  ply |  plx")
-                            in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
-                                val regname = reg.registerOrPair!!.name.lowercase()
-                                asmgen.out("  pla |  sta  cx16.$regname+1 |  pla |  sta  cx16.$regname")
-                            }
-                            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid target register ${reg.registerOrPair}")
-                        }
-                    else {
-                        when (reg.registerOrPair) {
-                            RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  pla |  tax |  pla")
-                            RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  pla |  tay |  pla")
-                            RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  pla |  tay |  pla |  tax")
-                            in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
-                                val regname = reg.registerOrPair!!.name.lowercase()
-                                asmgen.out("  pla |  sta  cx16.$regname+1 |  pla |  sta  cx16.$regname")
-                            }
-                            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid target register ${reg.registerOrPair}")
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            val tgt = AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, target.datatype, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine, variableAsmName = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.name))
-            if (func.name == "pop") {
-                asmgen.out("  pla")
-                asmgen.assignRegister(RegisterOrPair.A, tgt)
-            } else {
-                if (asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
-                    asmgen.out("  ply |  pla")
-                else
-                    asmgen.out("  pla |  tay |  pla")
-                asmgen.assignRegister(RegisterOrPair.AY, tgt)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun funcPush(fcall: IFunctionCall, func: FSignature) {
-        val signed = fcall.args[0].inferType(program).oneOf(DataType.BYTE, DataType.WORD)
-        if(func.name=="push") {
-            asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(fcall.args[0], RegisterOrPair.A, signed)
-            asmgen.out("  pha")
-        } else {
-            asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(fcall.args[0], RegisterOrPair.AY, signed)
-            if (asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
-                asmgen.out("  pha |  phy")
-            else
-                asmgen.out("  pha |  tya |  pha")
-        }
-    }
-
     private fun funcCallFar(fcall: IFunctionCall) {
-        if(asmgen.options.compTarget !is Cx16Target)
+        if(asmgen.options.compTarget.name != "cx16")
             throw AssemblyError("callfar only works on cx16 target at this time")
 
         val bank = fcall.args[0].constValue(program)?.number?.toInt()
@@ -274,7 +215,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         .byte  ${bank.toHex()}
                         sta  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(argAddrArg.identifier)}""")
                 }
-                is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                is NumericLiteral -> {
                     asmgen.out("""
                         lda  ${argAddrArg.number.toHex()}
                         jsr  cx16.jsrfar
@@ -288,7 +229,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
     }
 
     private fun funcCallRom(fcall: IFunctionCall) {
-        if(asmgen.options.compTarget !is Cx16Target)
+        if(asmgen.options.compTarget.name != "cx16")
             throw AssemblyError("callrom only works on cx16 target at this time")
 
         val bank = fcall.args[0].constValue(program)?.number?.toInt()
@@ -327,7 +268,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         pla
                         sta  $01""")
                 }
-                is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                is NumericLiteral -> {
                     asmgen.out("""
                         lda  $01
                         pha
@@ -356,12 +297,12 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
                         asmgen.out("  cmp  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(arg2)}")
                     }
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
-                        asmgen.out("  cmp  #${arg2.number}")
+                        asmgen.out("  cmp  #${arg2.number.toInt()}")
                     }
                     is DirectMemoryRead -> {
-                        if(arg2.addressExpression is NumericLiteralValue) {
+                        if(arg2.addressExpression is NumericLiteral) {
                             asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
                             asmgen.out("  cmp  ${arg2.addressExpression.constValue(program)!!.number.toHex()}")
                         } else {
@@ -390,12 +331,12 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                             cmp  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(arg2)}
 +""")
                     }
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.AY)
                         asmgen.out("""
-                            cpy  #>${arg2.number}
+                            cpy  #>${arg2.number.toInt()}
                             bne  +
-                            cmp  #<${arg2.number}
+                            cmp  #<${arg2.number.toInt()}
 +""")
                     }
                     else -> {
@@ -414,15 +355,16 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
     }
 
     private fun funcMemory(fcall: IFunctionCall, discardResult: Boolean, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?) {
-        if(discardResult || fcall !is FunctionCall)
+        if(discardResult || fcall !is BuiltinFunctionCall)
             throw AssemblyError("should not discard result of memory allocation at $fcall")
-        val nameRef = fcall.args[0] as IdentifierReference
-        val name = (nameRef.targetVarDecl(program)!!.value as StringLiteralValue).value
-        val size = (fcall.args[1] as NumericLiteralValue).number.toUInt()
+        val name = (fcall.args[0] as StringLiteral).value
+        require(name.all { it.isLetterOrDigit() || it=='_' }) {"memory name should be a valid symbol name"}
+        val size = (fcall.args[1] as NumericLiteral).number.toUInt()
+        val align = (fcall.args[2] as NumericLiteral).number.toUInt()
 
-        val existingSize = asmgen.slabs[name]
-        if(existingSize!=null && existingSize!=size)
-            throw AssemblyError("memory slab '$name' already exists with a different size ($size) at ${fcall.position}")
+        val existing = allocations.getMemorySlab(name)
+        if(existing!=null && (existing.first!=size || existing.second!=align))
+            throw AssemblyError("memory slab '$name' already exists with a different size or alignment at ${fcall.position}")
 
         val slabname = IdentifierReference(listOf("prog8_slabs", name), fcall.position)
         slabname.linkParents(fcall)
@@ -434,7 +376,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                 AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, false, null, program, asmgen)
         val assign = AsmAssignment(src, target, false, program.memsizer, fcall.position)
         asmgen.translateNormalAssignment(assign)
-        asmgen.slabs[name] = size
+        allocations.allocateMemorySlab(name, size, align)
     }
 
     private fun funcSqrt16(fcall: IFunctionCall, func: FSignature, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?, scope: Subroutine?) {
@@ -546,8 +488,8 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.ror2_array_ub")
                     }
                     is DirectMemoryRead -> {
-                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteralValue) {
-                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number
+                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteral) {
+                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number
                             asmgen.out("  lda  ${number.toHex()} |  lsr  a |  bcc  + |  ora  #\$80 |+  |  sta  ${number.toHex()}")
                         } else {
                             asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(what.addressExpression, RegisterOrPair.AY)
@@ -589,14 +531,14 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.ror_array_ub")
                     }
                     is DirectMemoryRead -> {
-                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteralValue) {
-                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number
+                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteral) {
+                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number
                             asmgen.out("  ror  ${number.toHex()}")
                         } else {
                             val ptrAndIndex = asmgen.pointerViaIndexRegisterPossible(what.addressExpression)
                             if(ptrAndIndex!=null) {
                                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(ptrAndIndex.second, RegisterOrPair.X)
-                                asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, (fcall as FunctionCallStatement).definingSubroutine!!)
+                                asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine!!)
                                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(ptrAndIndex.first, RegisterOrPair.AY)
                                 asmgen.restoreRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X)
                                 asmgen.out("""
@@ -647,8 +589,8 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.rol2_array_ub")
                     }
                     is DirectMemoryRead -> {
-                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteralValue) {
-                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number
+                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteral) {
+                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number
                             asmgen.out("  lda  ${number.toHex()} |  cmp  #\$80 |  rol  a |  sta  ${number.toHex()}")
                         } else {
                             asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(what.addressExpression, RegisterOrPair.AY)
@@ -690,14 +632,14 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.rol_array_ub")
                     }
                     is DirectMemoryRead -> {
-                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteralValue) {
-                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number
+                        if (what.addressExpression is NumericLiteral) {
+                            val number = (what.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number
                             asmgen.out("  rol  ${number.toHex()}")
                         } else {
                             val ptrAndIndex = asmgen.pointerViaIndexRegisterPossible(what.addressExpression)
                             if(ptrAndIndex!=null) {
                                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(ptrAndIndex.second, RegisterOrPair.X)
-                                asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, (fcall as FunctionCallStatement).definingSubroutine!!)
+                                asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine!!)
                                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(ptrAndIndex.first, RegisterOrPair.AY)
                                 asmgen.restoreRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X)
                                 asmgen.out("""
@@ -920,8 +862,8 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
 
         // optimized simple case: swap two memory locations
         if(first is DirectMemoryRead && second is DirectMemoryRead) {
-            val addr1 = (first.addressExpression as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number?.toHex()
-            val addr2 = (second.addressExpression as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number?.toHex()
+            val addr1 = (first.addressExpression as? NumericLiteral)?.number?.toHex()
+            val addr2 = (second.addressExpression as? NumericLiteral)?.number?.toHex()
             val name1 = if(first.addressExpression is IdentifierReference) asmgen.asmVariableName(first.addressExpression as IdentifierReference) else null
             val name2 = if(second.addressExpression is IdentifierReference) asmgen.asmVariableName(second.addressExpression as IdentifierReference) else null
 
@@ -952,10 +894,10 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                         if(pointerVariable != null
                             && pointerVariable isSameAs secondExpr.left
                             && firstExpr.operator == "+" && secondExpr.operator == "+"
-                            && (firstOffset is NumericLiteralValue || firstOffset is IdentifierReference || firstOffset is TypecastExpression)
-                            && (secondOffset is NumericLiteralValue || secondOffset is IdentifierReference || secondOffset is TypecastExpression)
+                            && (firstOffset is NumericLiteral || firstOffset is IdentifierReference || firstOffset is TypecastExpression)
+                            && (secondOffset is NumericLiteral || secondOffset is IdentifierReference || secondOffset is TypecastExpression)
                         ) {
-                            if(firstOffset is NumericLiteralValue && secondOffset is NumericLiteralValue) {
+                            if(firstOffset is NumericLiteral && secondOffset is NumericLiteral) {
                                 if(firstOffset!=secondOffset) {
                                     swapArrayValues(
                                         DataType.UBYTE,
@@ -994,9 +936,9 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             val elementIDt = first.inferType(program)
             val elementDt = elementIDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
 
-            val firstNum = first.indexer.indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+            val firstNum = first.indexer.indexExpr as? NumericLiteral
             val firstVar = first.indexer.indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
-            val secondNum = second.indexer.indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+            val secondNum = second.indexer.indexExpr as? NumericLiteral
             val secondVar = second.indexer.indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
 
             if(firstNum!=null && secondNum!=null) {
@@ -1065,7 +1007,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
         }
     }
 
-    private fun swapArrayValues(elementDt: DataType, arrayVarName1: String, indexValue1: NumericLiteralValue, arrayVarName2: String, indexValue2: NumericLiteralValue) {
+    private fun swapArrayValues(elementDt: DataType, arrayVarName1: String, indexValue1: NumericLiteral, arrayVarName2: String, indexValue2: NumericLiteral) {
         val index1 = indexValue1.number.toInt() * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
         val index2 = indexValue2.number.toInt() * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
         when(elementDt) {
@@ -1179,7 +1121,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
         }
     }
 
-    private fun swapArrayValues(elementDt: DataType, arrayVarName1: String, indexValue1: NumericLiteralValue, arrayVarName2: String, indexName2: IdentifierReference) {
+    private fun swapArrayValues(elementDt: DataType, arrayVarName1: String, indexValue1: NumericLiteral, arrayVarName2: String, indexName2: IdentifierReference) {
         val index1 = indexValue1.number.toInt() * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
         val idxAsmName2 = asmgen.asmVariableName(indexName2)
         when(elementDt) {
@@ -1237,7 +1179,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
         }
     }
 
-    private fun swapArrayValues(elementDt: DataType, arrayVarName1: String, indexName1: IdentifierReference, arrayVarName2: String, indexValue2: NumericLiteralValue) {
+    private fun swapArrayValues(elementDt: DataType, arrayVarName1: String, indexName1: IdentifierReference, arrayVarName2: String, indexValue2: NumericLiteral) {
         val idxAsmName1 = asmgen.asmVariableName(indexName1)
         val index2 = indexValue2.number.toInt() * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
         when(elementDt) {
@@ -1348,7 +1290,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
 
     private fun funcPokeW(fcall: IFunctionCall) {
         when(val addrExpr = fcall.args[0]) {
-            is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+            is NumericLiteral -> {
                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(fcall.args[1], RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 val addr = addrExpr.number.toHex()
                 asmgen.out("  sta  $addr |  sty  ${addr}+1")
@@ -1379,13 +1321,13 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                 }
             }
             is BinaryExpression -> {
-                if(addrExpr.operator=="+" && addrExpr.left is IdentifierReference && addrExpr.right is NumericLiteralValue) {
+                if(addrExpr.operator=="+" && addrExpr.left is IdentifierReference && addrExpr.right is NumericLiteral) {
                     val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(addrExpr.left as IdentifierReference)
                     if(asmgen.isZpVar(addrExpr.left as IdentifierReference)) {
                         // pointervar is already in the zero page, no need to copy
                         asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine!!)
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(fcall.args[1], RegisterOrPair.AX)
-                        val index = (addrExpr.right as NumericLiteralValue).number.toHex()
+                        val index = (addrExpr.right as NumericLiteral).number.toHex()
                         asmgen.out("""
                             ldy  #$index
                             sta  ($varname),y
@@ -1407,7 +1349,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
 
     private fun funcPeekW(fcall: IFunctionCall, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?) {
         when(val addrExpr = fcall.args[0]) {
-            is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+            is NumericLiteral -> {
                 val addr = addrExpr.number.toHex()
                 asmgen.out("  lda  $addr |  ldy  ${addr}+1")
             }
@@ -1437,11 +1379,11 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                 }
             }
             is BinaryExpression -> {
-                if(addrExpr.operator=="+" && addrExpr.left is IdentifierReference && addrExpr.right is NumericLiteralValue) {
+                if(addrExpr.operator=="+" && addrExpr.left is IdentifierReference && addrExpr.right is NumericLiteral) {
                     val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(addrExpr.left as IdentifierReference)
                     if(asmgen.isZpVar(addrExpr.left as IdentifierReference)) {
                         // pointervar is already in the zero page, no need to copy
-                        val index = (addrExpr.right as NumericLiteralValue).number.toHex()
+                        val index = (addrExpr.right as NumericLiteral).number.toHex()
                         asmgen.out("""
                             ldy  #$index
                             lda  ($varname),y
@@ -1488,14 +1430,14 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  dex")
         } else {
             val reg = resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY
-            var needAsave = !(fcall.args[0] is DirectMemoryRead || fcall.args[0] is NumericLiteralValue || fcall.args[0] is IdentifierReference)
+            var needAsave = !(fcall.args[0] is DirectMemoryRead || fcall.args[0] is NumericLiteral || fcall.args[0] is IdentifierReference)
             if(!needAsave) {
                 val mr0 = fcall.args[0] as? DirectMemoryRead
                 val mr1 = fcall.args[1] as? DirectMemoryRead
                 if (mr0 != null)
-                    needAsave = mr0.addressExpression !is NumericLiteralValue && mr0.addressExpression !is IdentifierReference
+                    needAsave = mr0.addressExpression !is NumericLiteral && mr0.addressExpression !is IdentifierReference
                 if (mr1 != null)
-                    needAsave = needAsave or (mr1.addressExpression !is NumericLiteralValue && mr1.addressExpression !is IdentifierReference)
+                    needAsave = needAsave or (mr1.addressExpression !is NumericLiteral && mr1.addressExpression !is IdentifierReference)
             }
             when(reg) {
                 RegisterOrPair.AX -> {
@@ -1538,7 +1480,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
         val arg = fcall.args.single()
         if (!arg.inferType(program).isWords)
             throw AssemblyError("msb required word argument")
-        if (arg is NumericLiteralValue)
+        if (arg is NumericLiteral)
             throw AssemblyError("msb(const) should have been const-folded away")
         if (arg is IdentifierReference) {
             val sourceName = asmgen.asmVariableName(arg)
@@ -1549,6 +1491,16 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                     null, RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName+1")
                     RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("  ldx  $sourceName+1")
                     RegisterOrPair.Y -> asmgen.out("  ldy  $sourceName+1")
+                    RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName+1 |  ldx  #0")
+                    RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName+1 |  ldy  #0")
+                    RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  ldx  $sourceName+1 |  ldy  #0")
+                    in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
+                        val regname = resultRegister.name.lowercase()
+                        if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName+1 |  sta  cx16.$regname |  stz  cx16.$regname+1")
+                        else
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName+1 |  sta  cx16.$regname |  lda  #0 |  sta  cx16.$regname+1")
+                    }
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid reg")
                 }
             }
@@ -1582,7 +1534,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
         val arg = fcall.args.single()
         if (!arg.inferType(program).isWords)
             throw AssemblyError("lsb required word argument")
-        if (arg is NumericLiteralValue)
+        if (arg is NumericLiteral)
             throw AssemblyError("lsb(const) should have been const-folded away")
 
         if (arg is IdentifierReference) {
@@ -1594,6 +1546,16 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                     null, RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName")
                     RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("  ldx  $sourceName")
                     RegisterOrPair.Y -> asmgen.out("  ldy  $sourceName")
+                    RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName |  ldx  #0")
+                    RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName |  ldy  #0")
+                    RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  ldx  $sourceName |  ldy  #0")
+                    in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
+                        val regname = resultRegister.name.lowercase()
+                        if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName |  sta  cx16.$regname |  stz  cx16.$regname+1")
+                        else
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName |  sta  cx16.$regname |  lda  #0 |  sta  cx16.$regname+1")
+                    }
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid reg")
                 }
             }
@@ -1654,14 +1616,14 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                     val addr = AddressOf(value, value.position)
                     AsmAssignSource.fromAstSource(addr, program, asmgen)
                 }
-                is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                is NumericLiteral -> {
                     throw AssemblyError("float literals should have been converted into autovar")
                 }
                 else -> {
                     if(scope==null)
                         throw AssemblyError("cannot use float arguments outside of a subroutine scope")
 
-                    scope.asmGenInfo.usedFloatEvalResultVar2 = true
+                    allocations.subroutineExtra(scope).usedFloatEvalResultVar2 = true
                     val variable = IdentifierReference(listOf(subroutineFloatEvalResultVar2), value.position)
                     val addr = AddressOf(variable, value.position)
                     addr.linkParents(value)

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/ExpressionsAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
-import prog8.ast.statements.BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder
-import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
 import prog8.ast.toHex
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compilerinterface.BuiltinFunctions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CpuType
 import kotlin.math.absoluteValue
 
-internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
+internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program,
+                                 private val asmgen: AsmGen,
+                                 private val allocator: VariableAllocator) {
 
     @Deprecated("avoid calling this as it generates slow evalstack based code")
     internal fun translateExpression(expression:Expression) {
@@ -34,108 +33,107 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
             is TypecastExpression -> translateExpression(expression)
             is AddressOf -> translateExpression(expression)
             is DirectMemoryRead -> asmgen.translateDirectMemReadExpressionToRegAorStack(expression, true)
-            is NumericLiteralValue -> translateExpression(expression)
+            is NumericLiteral -> translateExpression(expression)
             is IdentifierReference -> translateExpression(expression)
-            is FunctionCall -> translateFunctionCallResultOntoStack(expression)
-            is ArrayLiteralValue, is StringLiteralValue -> throw AssemblyError("no asm gen for string/array literal value assignment - should have been replaced by a variable")
-            is RangeExpr -> throw AssemblyError("range expression should have been changed into array values")
+            is FunctionCallExpression -> translateFunctionCallResultOntoStack(expression)
+            is BuiltinFunctionCall -> asmgen.translateBuiltinFunctionCallExpression(expression, true, null)
+            is PipeExpression -> asmgen.translatePipeExpression(expression.source, expression.segments,
+                                                                expression, isStatement = false, pushResultOnEstack = true )
+            is ContainmentCheck -> throw AssemblyError("containment check as complex expression value is not supported")
+            is ArrayLiteral, is StringLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("no asm gen for string/array literal value assignment - should have been replaced by a variable")
+            is RangeExpression -> throw AssemblyError("range expression should have been changed into array values")
             is CharLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("charliteral should have been replaced by ubyte using certain encoding")
+            else -> TODO("missing expression asmgen for $expression")
         }
     }
 
-    private fun translateFunctionCallResultOntoStack(call: FunctionCall) {
+    private fun translateFunctionCallResultOntoStack(call: FunctionCallExpression) {
         // only for use in nested expression evaluation
 
-        val sub = call.target.targetStatement(program)
-        if(sub is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder) {
-            val builtinFunc = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(sub.name)
-            asmgen.translateBuiltinFunctionCallExpression(call, builtinFunc, true, null)
-        } else {
-            sub as Subroutine
-            asmgen.saveXbeforeCall(call)
-            asmgen.translateFunctionCall(call, true)
-            if(sub.regXasResult()) {
-                // store the return value in X somewhere that we can acces again below
-                asmgen.out("  stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG")
-            }
-            asmgen.restoreXafterCall(call)
+        val sub = call.target.targetSubroutine(program)!!
+        asmgen.saveXbeforeCall(call)
+        asmgen.translateFunctionCall(call, true)
+        if(sub.regXasResult()) {
+            // store the return value in X somewhere that we can access again below
+            asmgen.out("  stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG")
+        }
+        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(call)
 
-            val returns = sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters)
-            for ((_, reg) in returns) {
-                // result value is in cpu or status registers, put it on the stack instead (as we're evaluating an expression tree)
-                if (reg.registerOrPair != null) {
-                    when (reg.registerOrPair!!) {
-                        RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
-                        RegisterOrPair.Y -> asmgen.out("  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
-                        RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  dex")
-                        RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
-                        RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  dex")
-                        RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
-                        RegisterOrPair.FAC1 -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.push_fac1")
-                        RegisterOrPair.FAC2 -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.push_fac2")
-                        RegisterOrPair.R0,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R1,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R2,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R3,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R4,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R5,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R6,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R7,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R8,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R9,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R10,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R11,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R12,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R13,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R14,
-                        RegisterOrPair.R15 -> {
-                            asmgen.out(
-                                """
-                                lda  cx16.${reg.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()}
-                                sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
-                                lda  cx16.${reg.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()}+1
-                                sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x
-                                dex
-                            """)
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else when(reg.statusflag) {
-                    Statusflag.Pc -> {
-                        asmgen.out("""
-                            lda  #0
-                            rol  a
+        val returns = sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters)
+        for ((_, reg) in returns) {
+            // result value is in cpu or status registers, put it on the stack instead (as we're evaluating an expression tree)
+            if (reg.registerOrPair != null) {
+                when (reg.registerOrPair!!) {
+                    RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
+                    RegisterOrPair.Y -> asmgen.out("  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
+                    RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  dex")
+                    RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
+                    RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  dex")
+                    RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  tya |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  dex")
+                    RegisterOrPair.FAC1 -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.push_fac1")
+                    RegisterOrPair.FAC2 -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.push_fac2")
+                    RegisterOrPair.R0,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R1,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R2,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R3,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R4,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R5,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R6,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R7,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R8,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R9,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R10,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R11,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R12,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R13,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R14,
+                    RegisterOrPair.R15 -> {
+                        asmgen.out(
+                            """
+                            lda  cx16.${reg.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()}
                             sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
-                            dex""")
+                            lda  cx16.${reg.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()}+1
+                            sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+                            dex
+                        """)
                     }
-                    Statusflag.Pz -> {
-                        asmgen.out("""
-                            beq  +
-                            lda  #0
-                            beq  ++
-+                           lda  #1
-+                           sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
-                            dex""")
-                    }
-                    Statusflag.Pv -> {
-                        asmgen.out("""
-                            bvs  +
-                            lda  #0
-                            beq  ++
-+                           lda  #1
-+                           sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
-                            dex""")
-                    }
-                    Statusflag.Pn -> {
-                        asmgen.out("""
-                            bmi  +
-                            lda  #0
-                            beq  ++
-+                           lda  #1
-+                           sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
-                            dex""")
-                    }
-                    null -> {}
                 }
+            } else when(reg.statusflag) {
+                Statusflag.Pc -> {
+                    asmgen.out("""
+                        lda  #0
+                        rol  a
+                        sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+                        dex""")
+                }
+                Statusflag.Pz -> {
+                    asmgen.out("""
+                        beq  +
+                        lda  #0
+                        beq  ++
++                           lda  #1
++                           sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+                        dex""")
+                }
+                Statusflag.Pv -> {
+                    asmgen.out("""
+                        bvs  +
+                        lda  #0
+                        beq  ++
++                           lda  #1
++                           sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+                        dex""")
+                }
+                Statusflag.Pn -> {
+                    asmgen.out("""
+                        bmi  +
+                        lda  #0
+                        beq  ++
++                           lda  #1
++                           sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+                        dex""")
+                }
+                null -> {}
             }
         }
     }
@@ -209,7 +207,7 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
         asmgen.out("  lda  #<$name |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  lda  #>$name  |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x  | dex")
     }
 
-    private fun translateExpression(expr: NumericLiteralValue) {
+    private fun translateExpression(expr: NumericLiteral) {
         when(expr.type) {
             DataType.UBYTE, DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out(" lda  #${expr.number.toHex()}  | sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x  | dex")
             DataType.UWORD, DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("""
@@ -220,7 +218,7 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
                 dex
             """)
             DataType.FLOAT -> {
-                val floatConst = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(expr.number)
+                val floatConst = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(expr.number)
                 asmgen.out(" lda  #<$floatConst |  ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.push_float")
             }
             else -> throw AssemblyError("weird type")
@@ -537,13 +535,20 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
                     }
                 }
             }
+            in ComparisonOperators -> {
+                if(leftDt in NumericDatatypes && rightDt in NumericDatatypes) {
+                    val rightVal = expr.right.constValue(program)?.number?.toInt()
+                    if(rightVal==0)
+                        return translateComparisonWithZero(expr.left, leftDt, expr.operator)
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         if((leftDt in ByteDatatypes && rightDt !in ByteDatatypes)
                 || (leftDt in WordDatatypes && rightDt !in WordDatatypes))
             throw AssemblyError("binary operator ${expr.operator} left/right dt not identical")
 
-        if(leftDt==DataType.STR && rightDt==DataType.STR && expr.operator in comparisonOperators) {
+        if(leftDt==DataType.STR && rightDt==DataType.STR && expr.operator in ComparisonOperators) {
             translateCompareStrings(expr.left, expr.operator, expr.right)
         }
         else {
@@ -559,6 +564,69 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
         }
     }
 
+    private fun translateComparisonWithZero(expr: Expression, dt: DataType, operator: String) {
+        translateExpressionInternal(expr)
+        when(operator) {
+            "==" -> {
+                when(dt) {
+                    DataType.UBYTE, DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.equalzero_b")
+                    DataType.UWORD, DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.equalzero_w")
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.equal_zero")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("wrong dt")
+                }
+            }
+            "!=" -> {
+                when(dt) {
+                    DataType.UBYTE, DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.notequalzero_b")
+                    DataType.UWORD, DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.notequalzero_w")
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.notequal_zero")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("wrong dt")
+                }
+            }
+            "<" -> {
+                if(dt==DataType.UBYTE || dt==DataType.UWORD)
+                    return translateExpressionInternal(NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(false, expr.position))
+                when(dt) {
+                    DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.lesszero_b")
+                    DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.lesszero_w")
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.less_zero")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("wrong dt")
+                }
+            }
+            ">" -> {
+                when(dt) {
+                    DataType.UBYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.greaterzero_ub")
+                    DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.greaterzero_sb")
+                    DataType.UWORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.greaterzero_uw")
+                    DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.greaterzero_sw")
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.greater_zero")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("wrong dt")
+                }
+            }
+            "<=" -> {
+                when(dt) {
+                    DataType.UBYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.equalzero_b")
+                    DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.lessequalzeros_b")
+                    DataType.UWORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.equalzero_w")
+                    DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.lessequalzero_sw")
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.lessequal_zero")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("wrong dt")
+                }
+            }
+            ">=" -> {
+                if(dt==DataType.UBYTE || dt==DataType.UWORD)
+                    return translateExpressionInternal(NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(true, expr.position))
+                when(dt) {
+                    DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.greaterequalzero_sb")
+                    DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.greaterequalzero_sw")
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.greaterequal_zero")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("wrong dt")
+                }
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid comparison operator")
+        }
+    }
+
     private fun translateSquared(variable: IdentifierReference, dt: DataType) {
         val asmVar = asmgen.asmVariableName(variable)
         when(dt) {
@@ -629,7 +697,7 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
                     asmgen.out("  lda  $arrayVarName+$indexValue |  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x |  lda  $arrayVarName+$indexValue+1 |  sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x |  dex")
                 }
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
-                    asmgen.out("  lda  #<$arrayVarName+$indexValue |  ldy  #>$arrayVarName+$indexValue |  jsr  floats.push_float")
+                    asmgen.out("  lda  #<($arrayVarName+$indexValue) |  ldy  #>($arrayVarName+$indexValue) |  jsr  floats.push_float")
                 }
                 else -> throw AssemblyError("weird element type")
             }
@@ -725,7 +793,8 @@ internal class ExpressionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmge
             "<=" -> asmgen.out(if(dt==DataType.UWORD) "  jsr  prog8_lib.lesseq_uw" else "  jsr  prog8_lib.lesseq_w")
             ">=" -> asmgen.out(if(dt==DataType.UWORD) "  jsr  prog8_lib.greatereq_uw" else "  jsr  prog8_lib.greatereq_w")
             "==" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.equal_w")
-            "!=" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.notequal_w")            "&" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.bitand_w")
+            "!=" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.notequal_w")
+            "&" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.bitand_w")
             "^" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.bitxor_w")
             "|" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.bitor_w")
             "and" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.and_w")

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/ForLoopsAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,28 +1,29 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
 
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.fold
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.ArrayToElementTypes
 import prog8.ast.base.DataType
 import prog8.ast.base.RegisterOrPair
 import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
-import prog8.ast.expressions.RangeExpr
+import prog8.ast.expressions.RangeExpression
 import prog8.ast.statements.ForLoop
 import prog8.ast.toHex
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compilerinterface.toConstantIntegerRange
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Zeropage
 import kotlin.math.absoluteValue
 
-internal class ForLoopsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
+internal class ForLoopsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen, private val zeropage: Zeropage) {
 
     internal fun translate(stmt: ForLoop) {
         val iterableDt = stmt.iterable.inferType(program)
         if(!iterableDt.isKnown)
             throw AssemblyError("unknown dt")
         when(stmt.iterable) {
-            is RangeExpr -> {
-                val range = (stmt.iterable as RangeExpr).toConstantIntegerRange()
+            is RangeExpression -> {
+                val range = (stmt.iterable as RangeExpression).toConstantIntegerRange()
                 if(range==null) {
-                    translateForOverNonconstRange(stmt, iterableDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, stmt.iterable as RangeExpr)
+                    translateForOverNonconstRange(stmt, iterableDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, stmt.iterable as RangeExpression)
                 } else {
                     translateForOverConstRange(stmt, iterableDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, range)
                 }
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ internal class ForLoopsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen:
         }
     }
 
-    private fun translateForOverNonconstRange(stmt: ForLoop, iterableDt: DataType, range: RangeExpr) {
+    private fun translateForOverNonconstRange(stmt: ForLoop, iterableDt: DataType, range: RangeExpression) {
         val loopLabel = asmgen.makeLabel("for_loop")
         val endLabel = asmgen.makeLabel("for_end")
         val modifiedLabel = asmgen.makeLabel("for_modified")
@@ -289,13 +290,15 @@ $loopLabel          sty  $indexVar
                         bne  $loopLabel
                         beq  $endLabel""")
                 }
-                if(length>=16 && asmgen.zeropage.hasByteAvailable()) {
-                    // allocate index var on ZP
-                    val zpAddr = asmgen.zeropage.allocate(indexVar, DataType.UBYTE, stmt.position, asmgen.errors)
-                    asmgen.out("""$indexVar = $zpAddr  ; auto zp UBYTE""")
+                if(length>=16) {
+                    // allocate index var on ZP if possible
+                    val result = zeropage.allocate(listOf(indexVar), DataType.UBYTE, stmt.definingScope, null, null, stmt.position, asmgen.errors)
+                    result.fold(
+                        success = { (address,_)-> asmgen.out("""$indexVar = $address  ; auto zp UBYTE""") },
+                        failure = { asmgen.out("$indexVar    .byte  0") }
+                    )
                 } else {
-                    asmgen.out("""
-$indexVar           .byte  0""")
+                    asmgen.out("$indexVar    .byte  0")
                 }
                 asmgen.out(endLabel)
             }
@@ -328,13 +331,15 @@ $loopLabel          sty  $indexVar
                         bne  $loopLabel
                         beq  $endLabel""")
                 }
-                if(length>=16 && asmgen.zeropage.hasByteAvailable()) {
-                    // allocate index var on ZP
-                    val zpAddr = asmgen.zeropage.allocate(indexVar, DataType.UBYTE, stmt.position, asmgen.errors)
-                    asmgen.out("""$indexVar = $zpAddr  ; auto zp UBYTE""")
+                if(length>=16) {
+                    // allocate index var on ZP if possible
+                    val result = zeropage.allocate(listOf(indexVar), DataType.UBYTE, stmt.definingScope, null, null, stmt.position, asmgen.errors)
+                    result.fold(
+                        success = { (address,_)-> asmgen.out("""$indexVar = $address  ; auto zp UBYTE""") },
+                        failure = { asmgen.out("$indexVar    .byte  0") }
+                    )
                 } else {
-                    asmgen.out("""
-$indexVar           .byte  0""")
+                    asmgen.out("$indexVar    .byte  0")
                 }
                 asmgen.out(endLabel)
             }
@@ -588,7 +593,7 @@ $loopLabel""")
         asmgen.loopEndLabels.pop()
     }
 
-    private fun assignLoopvar(stmt: ForLoop, range: RangeExpr) =
+    private fun assignLoopvar(stmt: ForLoop, range: RangeExpression) =
         asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(
             range.from,
             asmgen.asmVariableName(stmt.loopVar),

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/FunctionCallAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,22 +1,24 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
 
 import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
 import prog8.ast.Node
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
-import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.AddressOf
+import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
+import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
+import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignSource
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignTarget
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignment
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.TargetStorageKind
-import prog8.compilerinterface.CpuType
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.AsmAssignSource
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.AsmAssignTarget
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.AsmAssignment
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.TargetStorageKind
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
 
 
 internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
 
-    internal fun translateFunctionCallStatement(stmt: IFunctionCall) {
+    internal fun translateFunctionCallStatement(stmt: FunctionCallStatement) {
         saveXbeforeCall(stmt)
         translateFunctionCall(stmt, false)
         restoreXafterCall(stmt)
@@ -67,6 +69,10 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
         }
     }
 
+    internal fun optimizeIntArgsViaRegisters(sub: Subroutine) =
+        (sub.parameters.size==1 && sub.parameters[0].type in IntegerDatatypes)
+                || (sub.parameters.size==2 && sub.parameters[0].type in ByteDatatypes && sub.parameters[1].type in ByteDatatypes)
+
     internal fun translateFunctionCall(call: IFunctionCall, isExpression: Boolean) {
         // Output only the code to set up the parameters and perform the actual call
         // NOTE: does NOT output the code to deal with the result values!
@@ -76,8 +82,10 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
         val sub = call.target.targetSubroutine(program) ?: throw AssemblyError("undefined subroutine ${call.target}")
         val subAsmName = asmgen.asmSymbolName(call.target)
 
-        if(!isExpression && !sub.isAsmSubroutine)
-            throw AssemblyError("functioncall statements to non-asmsub should have been replaced by GoSub $call")
+        if(!isExpression && !sub.isAsmSubroutine) {
+            if(!optimizeIntArgsViaRegisters(sub))
+                throw AssemblyError("functioncall statements to non-asmsub should have been replaced by GoSub $call")
+        }
 
         if(sub.isAsmSubroutine) {
             argumentsViaRegisters(sub, call)
@@ -87,8 +95,7 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
                 // NOTE: *if* there is a return statement, it will be the only one, and the very last statement of the subroutine
                 // (this condition has been enforced by an ast check earlier)
                 asmgen.out("  \t; inlined routine follows: ${sub.name}")
-                val assembly = sub.statements.single() as InlineAssembly
-                asmgen.translate(assembly)
+                sub.statements.forEach { asmgen.translate(it as InlineAssembly) }
                 asmgen.out("  \t; inlined routine end: ${sub.name}")
             } else {
                 asmgen.out("  jsr  $subAsmName")
@@ -98,24 +105,36 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
             if(sub.inline)
                 throw AssemblyError("can only reliably inline asmsub routines at this time")
 
-            argumentsViaVariables(sub, call)
+            if(optimizeIntArgsViaRegisters(sub)) {
+                if(sub.parameters.size==1) {
+                    val register = if (sub.parameters[0].type in ByteDatatypes) RegisterOrPair.A else RegisterOrPair.AY
+                    argumentViaRegister(sub, IndexedValue(0, sub.parameters[0]), call.args[0], register)
+                } else {
+                    // 2 byte params, second in Y, first in A
+                    argumentViaRegister(sub, IndexedValue(0, sub.parameters[0]), call.args[0], RegisterOrPair.A)
+                    if(!call.args[1].isSimple)
+                        asmgen.out("  pha")
+                    argumentViaRegister(sub, IndexedValue(1, sub.parameters[1]), call.args[1], RegisterOrPair.Y)
+                    if(!call.args[1].isSimple)
+                        asmgen.out("  pla")
+                }
+            } else {
+                // arguments via variables
+                for(arg in sub.parameters.withIndex().zip(call.args))
+                    argumentViaVariable(sub, arg.first.value, arg.second)
+            }
             asmgen.out("  jsr  $subAsmName")
         }
 
         // remember: dealing with the X register and/or dealing with return values is the responsibility of the caller
     }
 
-    private fun argumentsViaVariables(sub: Subroutine, call: IFunctionCall) {
-        for(arg in sub.parameters.withIndex().zip(call.args))
-            argumentViaVariable(sub, arg.first, arg.second)
-    }
-
     private fun argumentsViaRegisters(sub: Subroutine, call: IFunctionCall) {
         if(sub.parameters.size==1) {
             argumentViaRegister(sub, IndexedValue(0, sub.parameters.single()), call.args[0])
         } else {
             if(asmgen.asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(call.args, sub.asmParameterRegisters)) {
-                registerArgsViaStackEvaluation(call, sub)
+                registerArgsViaCpuStackEvaluation(call, sub)
             } else {
                 asmgen.asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub).forEach {
                     val param = sub.parameters[it]
@@ -126,150 +145,45 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
         }
     }
 
-    private fun registerArgsViaStackEvaluation(stmt: IFunctionCall, sub: Subroutine) {
+    private fun registerArgsViaCpuStackEvaluation(call: IFunctionCall, callee: Subroutine) {
         // this is called when one or more of the arguments are 'complex' and
         // cannot be assigned to a register easily or risk clobbering other registers.
-        // TODO find another way to prepare the arguments, without using the eval stack
 
-        if(sub.parameters.isEmpty())
+        require(callee.isAsmSubroutine)
+        if(callee.parameters.isEmpty())
             return
 
-
-        // 1. load all arguments reversed onto the stack: first arg goes last (is on top).
-
-        for (arg in stmt.args.reversed())
-            asmgen.translateExpression(arg)
-
-        // TODO here's an alternative to the above, but for now generates bigger code due to intermediate register steps:
-//        for (arg in stmt.args.reversed()) {
-//            // note this stuff below is needed to (eventually) avoid calling asmgen.translateExpression()
-//            // TODO also This STILL requires the translateNormalAssignment() to be fixed to avoid stack eval for expressions...
-//            val dt = arg.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
-//            asmgen.assignExpressionTo(arg, AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.STACK, program, asmgen, dt, sub))
-//        }
-
-        var argForCarry: IndexedValue<Pair<Expression, RegisterOrStatusflag>>? = null
-        var argForXregister: IndexedValue<Pair<Expression, RegisterOrStatusflag>>? = null
-        var argForAregister: IndexedValue<Pair<Expression, RegisterOrStatusflag>>? = null
-
-        asmgen.out("  inx")     // align estack pointer
-
-        for(argi in stmt.args.zip(sub.asmParameterRegisters).withIndex()) {
-            val plusIdxStr = if(argi.index==0) "" else "+${argi.index}"
-            when {
-                argi.value.second.statusflag == Statusflag.Pc -> {
-                    require(argForCarry == null)
-                    argForCarry = argi
-                }
-                argi.value.second.statusflag != null -> throw AssemblyError("can only use Carry as status flag parameter")
-                argi.value.second.registerOrPair in arrayOf(RegisterOrPair.X, RegisterOrPair.AX, RegisterOrPair.XY) -> {
-                    require(argForXregister==null)
-                    argForXregister = argi
-                }
-                argi.value.second.registerOrPair in arrayOf(RegisterOrPair.A, RegisterOrPair.AY) -> {
-                    require(argForAregister == null)
-                    argForAregister = argi
-                }
-                argi.value.second.registerOrPair == RegisterOrPair.Y -> {
-                    asmgen.out("  ldy  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x")
-                }
-                argi.value.second.registerOrPair in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
-                    // immediately output code to load the virtual register, to avoid clobbering the A register later
-                    when (sub.parameters[argi.index].type) {
-                        in ByteDatatypes -> {
-                            // only load the lsb of the virtual register
-                            asmgen.out(
-                                """
-                                lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x
-                                sta  cx16.${argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()}
-                            """)
-                            if (asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
-                                asmgen.out(
-                                    "  stz  cx16.${
-                                        argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()
-                                    }+1")
-                            else
-                                asmgen.out(
-                                    "  lda  #0 |  sta  cx16.${
-                                        argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()
-                                    }+1")
-                        }
-                        in WordDatatypes, in IterableDatatypes ->
-                            asmgen.out(
-                                """
-                                lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x
-                                sta  cx16.${argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()}
-                                lda  P8ESTACK_HI$plusIdxStr,x
-                                sta  cx16.${
-                                    argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().lowercase()
-                                }+1
-                            """)
-                        else -> throw AssemblyError("weird dt")
-                    }
-                }
-                else -> throw AssemblyError("weird argument")
-            }
+        // use the cpu hardware stack as intermediate storage for the arguments.
+        val argOrder = asmgen.options.compTarget.asmsubArgsEvalOrder(callee)
+        argOrder.reversed().forEach {
+            asmgen.pushCpuStack(callee.parameters[it].type, call.args[it])
         }
-
-        if(argForCarry!=null) {
-            val plusIdxStr = if(argForCarry.index==0) "" else "+${argForCarry.index}"
-            asmgen.out("""
-                clc
-                lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x
-                beq  +
-                sec
-+               php""")             // push the status flags
+        argOrder.forEach {
+            val param = callee.parameters[it]
+            val targetVar = callee.searchAsmParameter(param.name)!!
+            asmgen.popCpuStack(param.type, targetVar, (call as Node).definingSubroutine)
         }
-
-        if(argForAregister!=null) {
-            val plusIdxStr = if(argForAregister.index==0) "" else "+${argForAregister.index}"
-            when(argForAregister.value.second.registerOrPair) {
-                RegisterOrPair.A -> asmgen.out("  lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x")
-                RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x |  ldy  P8ESTACK_HI$plusIdxStr,x")
-                else -> throw AssemblyError("weird arg")
-            }
-        }
-
-        if(argForXregister!=null) {
-            val plusIdxStr = if(argForXregister.index==0) "" else "+${argForXregister.index}"
-
-            if(argForAregister!=null)
-                asmgen.out("  pha")
-            when(argForXregister.value.second.registerOrPair) {
-                RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("  lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x |  tax")
-                RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  ldy  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x |  lda  P8ESTACK_HI$plusIdxStr,x |  tax |  tya")
-                RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  ldy  P8ESTACK_HI$plusIdxStr,x |  lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x |  tax")
-                else -> throw AssemblyError("weird arg")
-            }
-            if(argForAregister!=null)
-                asmgen.out("  pla")
-        } else {
-            repeat(sub.parameters.size - 1) { asmgen.out("  inx") }       // unwind stack
-        }
-
-        if(argForCarry!=null)
-            asmgen.out("  plp")       // set the carry flag back to correct value
     }
 
-    private fun argumentViaVariable(sub: Subroutine, parameter: IndexedValue<SubroutineParameter>, value: Expression) {
+    private fun argumentViaVariable(sub: Subroutine, parameter: SubroutineParameter, value: Expression) {
         // pass parameter via a regular variable (not via registers)
         val valueIDt = value.inferType(program)
         val valueDt = valueIDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
-        if(!isArgumentTypeCompatible(valueDt, parameter.value.type))
+        if(!isArgumentTypeCompatible(valueDt, parameter.type))
             throw AssemblyError("argument type incompatible")
 
-        val varName = asmgen.asmVariableName(sub.scopedName + parameter.value.name)
-        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(value, varName, parameter.value.type, sub)
+        val varName = asmgen.asmVariableName(sub.scopedName + parameter.name)
+        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(value, varName, parameter.type, sub)
     }
 
-    private fun argumentViaRegister(sub: Subroutine, parameter: IndexedValue<SubroutineParameter>, value: Expression) {
+    private fun argumentViaRegister(sub: Subroutine, parameter: IndexedValue<SubroutineParameter>, value: Expression, registerOverride: RegisterOrPair? = null) {
         // pass argument via a register parameter
         val valueIDt = value.inferType(program)
         val valueDt = valueIDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
         if(!isArgumentTypeCompatible(valueDt, parameter.value.type))
             throw AssemblyError("argument type incompatible")
 
-        val paramRegister = sub.asmParameterRegisters[parameter.index]
+        val paramRegister = if(registerOverride==null) sub.asmParameterRegisters[parameter.index] else RegisterOrStatusflag(registerOverride, null)
         val statusflag = paramRegister.statusflag
         val register = paramRegister.registerOrPair
         val requiredDt = parameter.value.type
@@ -284,29 +198,28 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
                 // this param needs to be set last, right before the jsr
                 // for now, this is already enforced on the subroutine definition by the Ast Checker
                 when(value) {
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
                         val carrySet = value.number.toInt() != 0
                         asmgen.out(if(carrySet) "  sec" else "  clc")
                     }
                     is IdentifierReference -> {
                         val sourceName = asmgen.asmVariableName(value)
                         asmgen.out("""
-                pha
-                clc
-                lda  $sourceName
-                beq  +
-                sec  
-    +           pla
-    """)
+                            pha
+                            clc
+                            lda  $sourceName
+                            beq  +
+                            sec  
++                           pla""")
                     }
                     else -> {
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.A)
                         asmgen.out("""
-                                    beq  +
-                                    sec
-                                    bcs  ++
-    +                               clc
-    +""")
+                            beq  +
+                            sec
+                            bcs  ++
++                           clc
++""")
                     }
                 }
             } else throw AssemblyError("can only use Carry as status flag parameter")

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/PostIncrDecrAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
-import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.PostIncrDecr
 import prog8.ast.toHex
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
 
 
 internal class PostIncrDecrAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ internal class PostIncrDecrAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
             }
             targetMemory!=null -> {
                 when (val addressExpr = targetMemory.addressExpression) {
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
                         val what = addressExpr.number.toHex()
                         asmgen.out(if(incr) "  inc  $what" else "  dec  $what")
                     }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ internal class PostIncrDecrAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
 """)
                         }
                         DataType.FLOAT -> {
-                            asmgen.out("  lda  #<$asmArrayvarname+$indexValue |  ldy  #>$asmArrayvarname+$indexValue")
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  #<($asmArrayvarname+$indexValue) |  ldy  #>($asmArrayvarname+$indexValue)")
                             asmgen.out(if(incr) "  jsr  floats.inc_var_f" else "  jsr  floats.dec_var_f")
                         }
                         else -> throw AssemblyError("need numeric type")

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/ProgramAndVarsGen.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,623 @@
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
+
+import prog8.ast.INameScope
+import prog8.ast.Program
+import prog8.ast.antlr.escape
+import prog8.ast.base.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.statements.*
+import prog8.ast.toHex
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.AsmAssignTarget
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment.TargetStorageKind
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+import java.time.LocalDate
+import java.time.LocalDateTime
+import kotlin.math.absoluteValue
+
+/**
+ * Generates the main parts of the program:
+ *  - entry/exit code
+ *  - initialization routines
+ *  - blocks
+ *  - subroutines
+ *  - all variables (note: VarDecl ast nodes are *NOT* used anymore for this! now uses IVariablesAndConsts data tables!)
+ */
+internal class ProgramAndVarsGen(
+    val program: Program,
+    val variables: IVariablesAndConsts,
+    val options: CompilationOptions,
+    val errors: IErrorReporter,
+    private val functioncallAsmGen: FunctionCallAsmGen,
+    private val asmgen: AsmGen,
+    private val allocator: VariableAllocator,
+    private val zeropage: Zeropage
+) {
+    private val compTarget = options.compTarget
+    private val callGraph = CallGraph(program, true)
+    private val blockVariableInitializers = program.allBlocks.associateWith { it.statements.filterIsInstance<Assignment>() }
+
+    internal fun generate() {
+        val allInitializers = blockVariableInitializers.asSequence().flatMap { it.value }
+        require(allInitializers.all { it.origin==AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT }) {"all block-level assignments must be a variable initializer"}
+
+        allocator.allocateZeropageVariables()
+
+        header()
+        val allBlocks = program.allBlocks
+        if(allBlocks.first().name != "main")
+            throw AssemblyError("first block should be 'main'")
+
+        if(errors.noErrors())  {
+            program.allBlocks.forEach { block2asm(it) }
+            memorySlabs()
+            footer()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun header() {
+        val ourName = this.javaClass.name
+        val cpu = when(compTarget.machine.cpu) {
+            CpuType.CPU6502 -> "6502"
+            CpuType.CPU65c02 -> "w65c02"
+            else -> "unsupported"
+        }
+
+        asmgen.out("; $cpu assembly code for '${program.name}'")
+        asmgen.out("; generated by $ourName on ${LocalDateTime.now().withNano(0)}")
+        asmgen.out("; assembler syntax is for the 64tasm cross-assembler")
+        asmgen.out("; output options: output=${options.output} launcher=${options.launcher} zp=${options.zeropage}")
+        asmgen.out("")
+        asmgen.out(".cpu  '$cpu'\n.enc  'none'\n")
+
+        program.actualLoadAddress = program.definedLoadAddress
+        if (program.actualLoadAddress == 0u) {
+            when(options.output) {
+                OutputType.RAW -> {
+                    errors.err("load address must be specified with %address when using raw output type", program.toplevelModule.position)
+                    return
+                }
+                OutputType.PRG -> {
+                    when(options.launcher) {
+                        CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC -> {
+                            program.actualLoadAddress = compTarget.machine.PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS
+                        }
+                        CbmPrgLauncherType.NONE -> {
+                            errors.err("load address must be specified with %address when not using basic launcher", program.toplevelModule.position)
+                            return
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                OutputType.XEX -> {
+                    if(options.launcher!=CbmPrgLauncherType.NONE)
+                        throw AssemblyError("atari xex output can't contain BASIC launcher")
+                    program.actualLoadAddress = compTarget.machine.PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // the global prog8 variables needed
+        val zp = zeropage
+        asmgen.out("P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1 = ${zp.SCRATCH_B1}")
+        asmgen.out("P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG = ${zp.SCRATCH_REG}")
+        asmgen.out("P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1 = ${zp.SCRATCH_W1}    ; word")
+        asmgen.out("P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2 = ${zp.SCRATCH_W2}    ; word")
+        asmgen.out("P8ESTACK_LO = ${compTarget.machine.ESTACK_LO.toHex()}")
+        asmgen.out("P8ESTACK_HI = ${compTarget.machine.ESTACK_HI.toHex()}")
+
+        when(options.output) {
+            OutputType.RAW -> {
+                asmgen.out("; ---- raw assembler program ----")
+                asmgen.out("* = ${program.actualLoadAddress.toHex()}\n")
+            }
+            OutputType.PRG -> {
+                when(options.launcher) {
+                    CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC -> {
+                        if (program.actualLoadAddress != options.compTarget.machine.PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS) {
+                            errors.err("BASIC output must have load address ${options.compTarget.machine.PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS.toHex()}", program.toplevelModule.position)
+                        }
+                        asmgen.out("; ---- basic program with sys call ----")
+                        asmgen.out("* = ${program.actualLoadAddress.toHex()}")
+                        val year = LocalDate.now().year
+                        asmgen.out("  .word  (+), $year")
+                        asmgen.out("  .null  $9e, format(' %d ', prog8_entrypoint), $3a, $8f, ' prog8'")
+                        asmgen.out("+\t.word  0")
+                        asmgen.out("prog8_entrypoint\t; assembly code starts here\n")
+                        if(!options.noSysInit)
+                            asmgen.out("  jsr  ${compTarget.name}.init_system")
+                        asmgen.out("  jsr  ${compTarget.name}.init_system_phase2")
+                    }
+                    CbmPrgLauncherType.NONE -> {
+                        asmgen.out("; ---- program without basic sys call ----")
+                        asmgen.out("* = ${program.actualLoadAddress.toHex()}\n")
+                        if(!options.noSysInit)
+                            asmgen.out("  jsr  ${compTarget.name}.init_system")
+                        asmgen.out("  jsr  ${compTarget.name}.init_system_phase2")
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            OutputType.XEX -> {
+                asmgen.out("; ---- atari xex program ----")
+                asmgen.out("* = ${program.actualLoadAddress.toHex()}\n")
+                if(!options.noSysInit)
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  ${compTarget.name}.init_system")
+                asmgen.out("  jsr  ${compTarget.name}.init_system_phase2")
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(options.zeropage !in arrayOf(ZeropageType.BASICSAFE, ZeropageType.DONTUSE)) {
+            asmgen.out("""
+                ; zeropage is clobbered so we need to reset the machine at exit
+                lda  #>sys.reset_system
+                pha
+                lda  #<sys.reset_system
+                pha""")
+        }
+
+        // make sure that on the cx16 and c64, basic rom is banked in again when we exit the program
+        when(compTarget.name) {
+            "cx16" -> {
+                if(options.floats)
+                    asmgen.out("  lda  #4 |  sta  $01")    // to use floats, make sure Basic rom is banked in
+                asmgen.out("  jsr  main.start |  lda  #4 |  sta  $01 |  rts")
+            }
+            "c64" -> asmgen.out("  jsr  main.start |  lda  #31 |  sta  $01 |  rts")
+            else -> asmgen.jmp("main.start")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun memorySlabs() {
+        asmgen.out("; memory slabs")
+        asmgen.out("prog8_slabs\t.block")
+        for((name, info) in allocator.memorySlabs) {
+            if(info.second>1u)
+                asmgen.out("\t.align  ${info.second.toHex()}")
+            asmgen.out("$name\t.fill  ${info.first}")
+        }
+        asmgen.out("\t.bend")
+    }
+
+    private fun footer() {
+        // the global list of all floating point constants for the whole program
+        asmgen.out("; global float constants")
+        for (flt in allocator.globalFloatConsts) {
+            val floatFill = compTarget.machine.getFloat(flt.key).makeFloatFillAsm()
+            val floatvalue = flt.key
+            asmgen.out("${flt.value}\t.byte  $floatFill  ; float $floatvalue")
+        }
+
+        // program end
+        asmgen.out("prog8_program_end\t; end of program label for progend()")
+    }
+
+    private fun block2asm(block: Block) {
+        asmgen.out("")
+        asmgen.out("; ---- block: '${block.name}' ----")
+        if(block.address!=null)
+            asmgen.out("* = ${block.address!!.toHex()}")
+        else {
+            if("align_word" in block.options())
+                asmgen.out("\t.align 2")
+            else if("align_page" in block.options())
+                asmgen.out("\t.align $100")
+        }
+
+        asmgen.out("${block.name}\t" + (if("force_output" in block.options()) ".block\n" else ".proc\n"))
+
+        asmgen.outputSourceLine(block)
+
+        zeropagevars2asm(block)
+        memdefsAndConsts2asm(block)
+        asmsubs2asm(block.statements)
+        nonZpVariables2asm(block)
+
+        asmgen.out("")
+        asmgen.out("; subroutines in this block")
+
+        // First translate regular statements, and then put the subroutines at the end.
+        // (regular statements = everything except the initialization assignments;
+        // these will be part of the prog8_init_vars init routine generated below)
+        val initializers = blockVariableInitializers.getValue(block)
+        val statements = block.statements.filterNot { it in initializers }
+        val (subroutine, stmts) = statements.partition { it is Subroutine }
+        stmts.forEach { asmgen.translate(it) }
+        subroutine.forEach { asmgen.translate(it) }
+
+        if(!options.dontReinitGlobals) {
+            // generate subroutine to initialize block-level (global) variables
+            if (initializers.isNotEmpty()) {
+                asmgen.out("prog8_init_vars\t.proc\n")
+                initializers.forEach { assign -> asmgen.translate(assign) }
+                asmgen.out("  rts\n  .pend")
+            }
+        }
+
+        asmgen.out(if("force_output" in block.options()) "\n\t.bend\n" else "\n\t.pend\n")
+    }
+
+    internal fun translateSubroutine(sub: Subroutine) {
+        var onlyVariables = false
+
+        if(sub.inline) {
+            if(options.optimize) {
+                if(sub.isAsmSubroutine || callGraph.unused(sub))
+                    return
+
+                // from an inlined subroutine only the local variables are generated,
+                // all other code statements are omitted in the subroutine itself
+                // (they've been inlined at the call site, remember?)
+                onlyVariables = true
+            }
+        }
+
+        asmgen.out("")
+
+        if(sub.isAsmSubroutine) {
+            if(sub.asmAddress!=null)
+                return  // already done at the memvars section
+
+            // asmsub with most likely just an inline asm in it
+            asmgen.out("${sub.name}\t.proc")
+            sub.statements.forEach { asmgen.translate(it) }
+            asmgen.out("  .pend\n")
+        } else {
+            // regular subroutine
+            asmgen.out("${sub.name}\t.proc")
+            zeropagevars2asm(sub)
+            memdefsAndConsts2asm(sub)
+            asmsubs2asm(sub.statements)
+
+            // the main.start subroutine is the program's entrypoint and should perform some initialization logic
+            if(sub.name=="start" && sub.definingBlock.name=="main")
+                entrypointInitialization()
+
+            if(functioncallAsmGen.optimizeIntArgsViaRegisters(sub)) {
+                asmgen.out("; simple int arg(s) passed via register(s)")
+                if(sub.parameters.size==1) {
+                    val dt = sub.parameters[0].type
+                    val target = AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, dt, sub, variableAsmName = sub.parameters[0].name)
+                    if(dt in ByteDatatypes)
+                        asmgen.assignRegister(RegisterOrPair.A, target)
+                    else
+                        asmgen.assignRegister(RegisterOrPair.AY, target)
+                } else {
+                    require(sub.parameters.size==2)
+                    // 2 simple byte args, first in A, second in Y
+                    val target1 = AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, sub.parameters[0].type, sub, variableAsmName = sub.parameters[0].name)
+                    val target2 = AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, sub.parameters[1].type, sub, variableAsmName = sub.parameters[1].name)
+                    asmgen.assignRegister(RegisterOrPair.A, target1)
+                    asmgen.assignRegister(RegisterOrPair.Y, target2)
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(!onlyVariables) {
+                asmgen.out("; statements")
+                sub.statements.forEach { asmgen.translate(it) }
+            }
+
+            asmgen.out("; variables")
+            val asmGenInfo = allocator.subroutineExtra(sub)
+            for((dt, name, addr) in asmGenInfo.extraVars) {
+                if(addr!=null)
+                    asmgen.out("$name = $addr")
+                else when(dt) {
+                    DataType.UBYTE -> asmgen.out("$name    .byte  0")
+                    DataType.UWORD -> asmgen.out("$name    .word  0")
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("weird dt")
+                }
+            }
+            if(asmGenInfo.usedRegsaveA)      // will probably never occur
+                asmgen.out("prog8_regsaveA     .byte  0")
+            if(asmGenInfo.usedRegsaveX)
+                asmgen.out("prog8_regsaveX     .byte  0")
+            if(asmGenInfo.usedRegsaveY)
+                asmgen.out("prog8_regsaveY     .byte  0")
+            if(asmGenInfo.usedFloatEvalResultVar1)
+                asmgen.out("$subroutineFloatEvalResultVar1    .byte  0,0,0,0,0")
+            if(asmGenInfo.usedFloatEvalResultVar2)
+                asmgen.out("$subroutineFloatEvalResultVar2    .byte  0,0,0,0,0")
+            nonZpVariables2asm(sub)
+            asmgen.out("  .pend\n")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun entrypointInitialization() {
+        asmgen.out("; program startup initialization")
+        asmgen.out("  cld")
+        if(!options.dontReinitGlobals) {
+            blockVariableInitializers.forEach {
+                if (it.value.isNotEmpty())
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  ${it.key.name}.prog8_init_vars")
+            }
+        }
+
+        // string and array variables in zeropage that have initializer value, should be initialized
+        val stringVarsWithInitInZp = allocator.zeropageVars.filter { it.value.dt==DataType.STR && it.value.initialStringValue!=null }
+        val arrayVarsWithInitInZp = allocator.zeropageVars.filter { it.value.dt in ArrayDatatypes && it.value.initialArrayValue!=null }
+        if(stringVarsWithInitInZp.isNotEmpty() || arrayVarsWithInitInZp.isNotEmpty()) {
+            asmgen.out("; zp str and array initializations")
+            stringVarsWithInitInZp.forEach {
+                val name = asmgen.asmVariableName(it.key)
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  #<${name}
+                    ldy  #>${name}
+                    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                    sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                    lda  #<${name}_init_value
+                    ldy  #>${name}_init_value
+                    jsr  prog8_lib.strcpy""")
+            }
+            arrayVarsWithInitInZp.forEach {
+                val size = it.value.size
+                val name = asmgen.asmVariableName(it.key)
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  #<${name}_init_value
+                    ldy  #>${name}_init_value
+                    sta  cx16.r0L
+                    sty  cx16.r0H
+                    lda  #<${name}
+                    ldy  #>${name}
+                    sta  cx16.r1L
+                    sty  cx16.r1H
+                    lda  #<$size
+                    ldy  #>$size
+                    jsr  sys.memcopy""")
+            }
+            asmgen.out("  jmp  +")
+        }
+
+        stringVarsWithInitInZp.forEach {
+            val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(it.key)+"_init_value"
+            val stringvalue = it.value.initialStringValue!!
+            outputStringvar(varname, it.value.dt, stringvalue.encoding, stringvalue.value)
+        }
+
+        arrayVarsWithInitInZp.forEach {
+            val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(it.key)+"_init_value"
+            arrayVariable2asm(varname, it.value.dt, it.value.initialArrayValue!!, null)
+        }
+
+        asmgen.out("""+       tsx
+                    stx  prog8_lib.orig_stackpointer    ; required for sys.exit()                    
+                    ldx  #255       ; init estack ptr
+                    clv
+                    clc""")
+    }
+
+    private fun zeropagevars2asm(scope: INameScope) {
+        val zpVariables = allocator.zeropageVars.filter { it.value.originalScope==scope }
+        for ((scopedName, zpvar) in zpVariables) {
+            if (scopedName.size == 2 && scopedName[0] == "cx16" && scopedName[1][0] == 'r' && scopedName[1][1].isDigit())
+                continue        // The 16 virtual registers of the cx16 are not actual variables in zp, they're memory mapped
+            asmgen.out("${scopedName.last()} \t= ${zpvar.address} \t; zp ${zpvar.dt}")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun nonZpVariables2asm(block: Block) {
+        val variables = variables.blockVars[block]?.filter { !allocator.isZpVar(it.scopedname) } ?: emptyList()
+        nonZpVariables2asm(variables)
+    }
+
+    private fun nonZpVariables2asm(sub: Subroutine) {
+        val variables = variables.subroutineVars[sub]?.filter { !allocator.isZpVar(it.scopedname) } ?: emptyList()
+        nonZpVariables2asm(variables)
+    }
+
+    private fun nonZpVariables2asm(variables: List<IVariablesAndConsts.StaticVariable>) {
+        asmgen.out("")
+        asmgen.out("; non-zeropage variables")
+        val (stringvars, othervars) = variables.partition { it.type==DataType.STR }
+        stringvars.forEach {
+            val stringvalue = it.initialValue as StringLiteral
+            outputStringvar(it.scopedname.last(), it.type, stringvalue.encoding, stringvalue.value)
+        }
+        othervars.sortedBy { it.type }.forEach {
+            staticVariable2asm(it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun staticVariable2asm(variable: IVariablesAndConsts.StaticVariable) {
+        val name = variable.scopedname.last()
+        val value = variable.initialValue
+        val staticValue: Number =
+            if(value!=null) {
+                if(value is NumericLiteral) {
+                    if(value.type== DataType.FLOAT)
+                        value.number
+                    else
+                        value.number.toInt()
+                } else {
+                    if(variable.type in NumericDatatypes)
+                        throw AssemblyError("can only deal with constant numeric values for global vars")
+                    else 0
+                }
+            } else 0
+
+        when (variable.type) {
+            DataType.UBYTE -> asmgen.out("$name\t.byte  ${staticValue.toHex()}")
+            DataType.BYTE -> asmgen.out("$name\t.char  $staticValue")
+            DataType.UWORD -> asmgen.out("$name\t.word  ${staticValue.toHex()}")
+            DataType.WORD -> asmgen.out("$name\t.sint  $staticValue")
+            DataType.FLOAT -> {
+                if(staticValue==0) {
+                    asmgen.out("$name\t.byte  0,0,0,0,0  ; float")
+                } else {
+                    val floatFill = compTarget.machine.getFloat(staticValue).makeFloatFillAsm()
+                    asmgen.out("$name\t.byte  $floatFill  ; float $staticValue")
+                }
+            }
+            DataType.STR -> {
+                throw AssemblyError("all string vars should have been interned into prog")
+            }
+            in ArrayDatatypes -> arrayVariable2asm(name, variable.type, value as? ArrayLiteral, variable.arraysize)
+            else -> {
+                throw AssemblyError("weird dt")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun arrayVariable2asm(varname: String, dt: DataType, value: ArrayLiteral?, orNumberOfZeros: Int?) {
+        when(dt) {
+            DataType.ARRAY_UB -> {
+                val data = makeArrayFillDataUnsigned(dt, value, orNumberOfZeros)
+                if (data.size <= 16)
+                    asmgen.out("$varname\t.byte  ${data.joinToString()}")
+                else {
+                    asmgen.out(varname)
+                    for (chunk in data.chunked(16))
+                        asmgen.out("  .byte  " + chunk.joinToString())
+                }
+            }
+            DataType.ARRAY_B -> {
+                val data = makeArrayFillDataSigned(dt, value, orNumberOfZeros)
+                if (data.size <= 16)
+                    asmgen.out("$varname\t.char  ${data.joinToString()}")
+                else {
+                    asmgen.out(varname)
+                    for (chunk in data.chunked(16))
+                        asmgen.out("  .char  " + chunk.joinToString())
+                }
+            }
+            DataType.ARRAY_UW -> {
+                val data = makeArrayFillDataUnsigned(dt, value, orNumberOfZeros)
+                if (data.size <= 16)
+                    asmgen.out("$varname\t.word  ${data.joinToString()}")
+                else {
+                    asmgen.out(varname)
+                    for (chunk in data.chunked(16))
+                        asmgen.out("  .word  " + chunk.joinToString())
+                }
+            }
+            DataType.ARRAY_W -> {
+                val data = makeArrayFillDataSigned(dt, value, orNumberOfZeros)
+                if (data.size <= 16)
+                    asmgen.out("$varname\t.sint  ${data.joinToString()}")
+                else {
+                    asmgen.out(varname)
+                    for (chunk in data.chunked(16))
+                        asmgen.out("  .sint  " + chunk.joinToString())
+                }
+            }
+            DataType.ARRAY_F -> {
+                val array = value?.value ?:
+                                Array(orNumberOfZeros!!) { defaultZero(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(dt), Position.DUMMY) }
+                val floatFills = array.map {
+                    val number = (it as NumericLiteral).number
+                    compTarget.machine.getFloat(number).makeFloatFillAsm()
+                }
+                asmgen.out(varname)
+                for (f in array.zip(floatFills))
+                    asmgen.out("  .byte  ${f.second}  ; float ${f.first}")
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("require array dt")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun memdefsAndConsts2asm(block: Block) {
+        val mvs = variables.blockMemvars[block] ?: emptySet()
+        val consts = variables.blockConsts[block] ?: emptySet()
+        memdefsAndConsts2asm(mvs, consts)
+    }
+
+    private fun memdefsAndConsts2asm(sub: Subroutine) {
+        val mvs = variables.subroutineMemvars[sub] ?: emptySet()
+        val consts = variables.subroutineConsts[sub] ?: emptySet()
+        memdefsAndConsts2asm(mvs, consts)
+    }
+
+    private fun memdefsAndConsts2asm(
+        memvars: Set<IVariablesAndConsts.MemoryMappedVariable>,
+        consts: Set<IVariablesAndConsts.ConstantNumberSymbol>
+    ) {
+        memvars.forEach {
+            asmgen.out("  ${it.scopedname.last()} = ${it.address.toHex()}")
+        }
+        consts.forEach {
+            if(it.type==DataType.FLOAT)
+                asmgen.out("  ${it.scopedname.last()} = ${it.value}")
+            else
+                asmgen.out("  ${it.scopedname.last()} = ${it.value.toHex()}")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun asmsubs2asm(statements: List<Statement>) {
+        statements
+            .filter { it is Subroutine && it.isAsmSubroutine && it.asmAddress!=null }
+            .forEach { asmsub ->
+                asmsub as Subroutine
+                asmgen.out("  ${asmsub.name} = ${asmsub.asmAddress!!.toHex()}")
+            }
+    }
+
+    private fun outputStringvar(varname: String, dt: DataType, encoding: Encoding, value: String) {
+        asmgen.out("$varname\t; $dt $encoding:\"${escape(value).replace("\u0000", "<NULL>")}\"")
+        val bytes = compTarget.encodeString(value, encoding).plus(0.toUByte())
+        val outputBytes = bytes.map { "$" + it.toString(16).padStart(2, '0') }
+        for (chunk in outputBytes.chunked(16))
+            asmgen.out("  .byte  " + chunk.joinToString())
+    }
+
+    private fun makeArrayFillDataUnsigned(dt: DataType, value: ArrayLiteral?, orNumberOfZeros: Int?): List<String> {
+        val array = value?.value ?:
+                        Array(orNumberOfZeros!!) { defaultZero(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(dt), Position.DUMMY) }
+        return when (dt) {
+            DataType.ARRAY_UB ->
+                // byte array can never contain pointer-to types, so treat values as all integers
+                array.map {
+                    val number = (it as NumericLiteral).number.toInt()
+                    "$"+number.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')
+                }
+            DataType.ARRAY_UW -> array.map {
+                when (it) {
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
+                        "$" + it.number.toInt().toString(16).padStart(4, '0')
+                    }
+                    is AddressOf -> {
+                        asmgen.asmSymbolName(it.identifier)
+                    }
+                    is IdentifierReference -> {
+                        asmgen.asmSymbolName(it)
+                    }
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("weird array elt dt")
+                }
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun makeArrayFillDataSigned(dt: DataType, value: ArrayLiteral?, orNumberOfZeros: Int?): List<String> {
+        val array = value?.value ?:
+                        Array(orNumberOfZeros!!) { defaultZero(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(dt), Position.DUMMY) }
+        return when (dt) {
+            DataType.ARRAY_UB ->
+                // byte array can never contain pointer-to types, so treat values as all integers
+                array.map {
+                    val number = (it as NumericLiteral).number.toInt()
+                    "$"+number.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')
+                }
+            DataType.ARRAY_B ->
+                // byte array can never contain pointer-to types, so treat values as all integers
+                array.map {
+                    val number = (it as NumericLiteral).number.toInt()
+                    val hexnum = number.absoluteValue.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')
+                    if(number>=0)
+                        "$$hexnum"
+                    else
+                        "-$$hexnum"
+                }
+            DataType.ARRAY_UW -> array.map {
+                val number = (it as NumericLiteral).number.toInt()
+                "$" + number.toString(16).padStart(4, '0')
+            }
+            DataType.ARRAY_W -> array.map {
+                val number = (it as NumericLiteral).number.toInt()
+                val hexnum = number.absoluteValue.toString(16).padStart(4, '0')
+                if(number>=0)
+                    "$$hexnum"
+                else
+                    "-$$hexnum"
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+        }
+    }
+
+}

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/VariableAllocator.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502
+
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.fold
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.onSuccess
+import prog8.ast.base.ArrayDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.base.DataType
+import prog8.ast.base.IntegerDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteral
+import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
+import prog8.ast.statements.ZeropageWish
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+
+internal class VariableAllocator(private val vars: IVariablesAndConsts,
+                                 private val options: CompilationOptions,
+                                 private val errors: IErrorReporter) {
+
+    private val zeropage = options.compTarget.machine.zeropage
+    private val subroutineExtras = mutableMapOf<Subroutine, SubroutineExtraAsmInfo>()
+    private val memorySlabsInternal = mutableMapOf<String, Pair<UInt, UInt>>()
+    internal val memorySlabs: Map<String, Pair<UInt, UInt>> = memorySlabsInternal
+    internal val globalFloatConsts = mutableMapOf<Double, String>()     // all float values in the entire program (value -> varname)
+    internal val zeropageVars: Map<List<String>, Zeropage.ZpAllocation> = zeropage.allocatedVariables
+
+    internal fun getMemorySlab(name: String) = memorySlabsInternal[name]
+    internal fun allocateMemorySlab(name: String, size: UInt, align: UInt) {
+        memorySlabsInternal[name] = Pair(size, align)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allocate variables into the Zeropage.
+     * The result should be retrieved from the current machine's zeropage object!
+     */
+    internal fun allocateZeropageVariables() {
+        if(options.zeropage== ZeropageType.DONTUSE)
+            return
+
+        val allVariables = (
+                        vars.blockVars.asSequence().flatMap { it.value } +
+                        vars.subroutineVars.asSequence().flatMap { it.value }
+                ).toList()
+
+        val numberOfAllocatableVariables = allVariables.size
+        val varsRequiringZp = allVariables.filter { it.zp == ZeropageWish.REQUIRE_ZEROPAGE }
+        val varsPreferringZp = allVariables.filter { it.zp == ZeropageWish.PREFER_ZEROPAGE }
+        val varsDontCare = allVariables.filter { it.zp == ZeropageWish.DONTCARE }
+        val numberOfExplicitNonZpVariables = allVariables.count { it.zp == ZeropageWish.NOT_IN_ZEROPAGE }
+        require(varsDontCare.size + varsRequiringZp.size + varsPreferringZp.size + numberOfExplicitNonZpVariables == numberOfAllocatableVariables)
+
+        var numVariablesAllocatedInZP = 0
+        var numberOfNonIntegerVariables = 0
+
+        varsRequiringZp.forEach { variable ->
+            val numElements = numArrayElements(variable)
+            val result = zeropage.allocate(
+                variable.scopedname,
+                variable.type,
+                variable.scope,
+                numElements,
+                variable.initialValue,
+                variable.position,
+                errors
+            )
+            result.fold(
+                success = {
+                    numVariablesAllocatedInZP++
+                },
+                failure = {
+                    errors.err(it.message!!, variable.position)
+                }
+            )
+        }
+
+        if(errors.noErrors()) {
+            varsPreferringZp.forEach { variable ->
+                val numElements = numArrayElements(variable)
+                val result = zeropage.allocate(
+                    variable.scopedname,
+                    variable.type,
+                    variable.scope,
+                    numElements,
+                    variable.initialValue,
+                    variable.position,
+                    errors
+                )
+                result.onSuccess { numVariablesAllocatedInZP++ }
+                //  no need to check for allocation error, if there is one, just allocate in normal system ram.
+            }
+
+            // try to allocate any other interger variables into the zeropage until it is full.
+            // TODO some form of intelligent priorization? most often used variables first? loopcounter vars first? ...?
+            if(errors.noErrors()) {
+                for (variable in varsDontCare) {
+                    if(variable.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
+                        if(zeropage.free.isEmpty()) {
+                            break
+                        } else {
+                            val numElements = numArrayElements(variable)
+                            val result = zeropage.allocate(
+                                variable.scopedname,
+                                variable.type,
+                                variable.scope,
+                                numElements,
+                                variable.initialValue,
+                                variable.position,
+                                errors
+                            )
+                            result.onSuccess { numVariablesAllocatedInZP++ }
+                        }
+                    } else
+                        numberOfNonIntegerVariables++
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        println("  number of allocated vars: $numberOfAllocatableVariables")
+        println("  put into zeropage: $numVariablesAllocatedInZP,  non-zp allocatable: ${numberOfNonIntegerVariables+numberOfExplicitNonZpVariables}")
+        println("  zeropage free space: ${zeropage.free.size} bytes")
+    }
+
+    internal fun isZpVar(scopedName: List<String>) = scopedName in zeropage.allocatedVariables
+
+    private fun numArrayElements(variable: IVariablesAndConsts.StaticVariable) =
+        when(variable.type) {
+            DataType.STR -> (variable.initialValue as StringLiteral).value.length
+            in ArrayDatatypes -> variable.arraysize!!
+            else -> null
+        }
+
+    internal fun subroutineExtra(sub: Subroutine): SubroutineExtraAsmInfo {
+        var extra = subroutineExtras[sub]
+        return if(extra==null) {
+            extra = SubroutineExtraAsmInfo()
+            subroutineExtras[sub] = extra
+            extra
+        }
+        else
+            extra
+    }
+
+    internal fun getFloatAsmConst(number: Double): String {
+        val asmName = globalFloatConsts[number]
+        if(asmName!=null)
+            return asmName
+
+        val newName = "prog8_float_const_${globalFloatConsts.size}"
+        globalFloatConsts[number] = newName
+        return newName
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * This class contains various attributes that influence the assembly code generator.
+ * Conceptually it should be part of any INameScope.
+ * But because the resulting code only creates "real" scopes on a subroutine level,
+ * it's more consistent to only define these attributes on a Subroutine node.
+ */
+internal class SubroutineExtraAsmInfo {
+    var usedRegsaveA = false
+    var usedRegsaveX = false
+    var usedRegsaveY = false
+    var usedFloatEvalResultVar1 = false
+    var usedFloatEvalResultVar2 = false
+
+    val extraVars = mutableListOf<Triple<DataType, String, UInt?>>()
+}

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/assignment/AsmAssignment.kt

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.AsmGen
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IMemSizer
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
 
 
 internal enum class TargetStorageKind {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ internal class AsmAssignSource(val kind: SourceStorageKind,
                                val array: ArrayIndexedExpression? = null,
                                val memory: DirectMemoryRead? = null,
                                val register: RegisterOrPair? = null,
-                               val number: NumericLiteralValue? = null,
+                               val number: NumericLiteral? = null,
                                val expression: Expression? = null
 )
 {
@@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ internal class AsmAssignSource(val kind: SourceStorageKind,
                 return AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.LITERALNUMBER, program, asmgen, cv.type, number = cv)
 
             return when(value) {
-                is NumericLiteralValue -> throw AssemblyError("should have been constant value")
-                is StringLiteralValue -> throw AssemblyError("string literal value should not occur anymore for asm generation")
-                is ArrayLiteralValue -> throw AssemblyError("array literal value should not occur anymore for asm generation")
+                is NumericLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("should have been constant value")
+                is StringLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("string literal value should not occur anymore for asm generation")
+                is ArrayLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("array literal value should not occur anymore for asm generation")
                 is IdentifierReference -> {
                     val parameter = value.targetVarDecl(program)?.subroutineParameter
                     if(parameter!=null && parameter.definingSubroutine!!.isAsmSubroutine)
@@ -167,26 +167,20 @@ internal class AsmAssignSource(val kind: SourceStorageKind,
                     val dt = value.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
                     AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.ARRAY, program, asmgen, dt, array = value)
                 }
-                is FunctionCall -> {
-                    when (val sub = value.target.targetStatement(program)) {
-                        is Subroutine -> {
-                            val returnType = sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters).firstOrNull { rr -> rr.second.registerOrPair != null || rr.second.statusflag!=null }?.first
-                                    ?: throw AssemblyError("can't translate zero return values in assignment")
+                is BuiltinFunctionCall -> {
+                    val returnType = value.inferType(program)
+                    AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, returnType.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, expression = value)
+                }
+                is FunctionCallExpression -> {
+                    val sub = value.target.targetSubroutine(program)!!
+                    val returnType = sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters).firstOrNull { rr -> rr.second.registerOrPair != null || rr.second.statusflag!=null }?.first
+                            ?: throw AssemblyError("can't translate zero return values in assignment")
 
-                            AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, returnType, expression = value)
-                        }
-                        is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder -> {
-                            val returnType = value.inferType(program)
-                            AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, returnType.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, expression = value)
-                        }
-                        else -> {
-                            throw AssemblyError("weird call")
-                        }
-                    }
+                    AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, returnType, expression = value)
                 }
                 else -> {
-                    val dt = value.inferType(program)
-                    AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, dt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, expression = value)
+                    val returnType = value.inferType(program)
+                    AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, returnType.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, expression = value)
                 }
             }
         }

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/assignment/AssignmentAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.toHex
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
-import prog8.compilerinterface.BuiltinFunctions
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.AsmGen
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.VariableAllocator
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CpuType
 import prog8.compilerinterface.builtinFunctionReturnType
 
 
-internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
-
-    private val augmentableAsmGen = AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(program, this, asmgen)
+internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, 
+                                private val asmgen: AsmGen, 
+                                private val allocator: VariableAllocator) {
+    private val augmentableAsmGen = AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(program, this, asmgen, allocator)
 
     fun translate(assignment: Assignment) {
         val target = AsmAssignTarget.fromAstAssignment(assignment, program, asmgen)
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                             assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
                         }
                         DataType.FLOAT -> {
-                            asmgen.out("  lda  #<$arrayVarName+$indexValue |  ldy  #>$arrayVarName+$indexValue")
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  #<($arrayVarName+$indexValue) |  ldy  #>($arrayVarName+$indexValue)")
                             assignFloatFromAY(assign.target)
                         }
                         else ->
@@ -131,8 +132,8 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
 
                 val value = assign.source.memory!!
                 when (value.addressExpression) {
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                        val address = (value.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number.toUInt()
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
+                        val address = (value.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number.toUInt()
                         assignMemoryByte(assign.target, address, null)
                     }
                     is IdentifierReference -> {
@@ -149,140 +150,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                 }
             }
             SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION -> {
-                when(val value = assign.source.expression!!) {
-                    is AddressOf -> {
-                        val sourceName = asmgen.asmSymbolName(value.identifier)
-                        assignAddressOf(assign.target, sourceName)
-                    }
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been literalnumber")
-                    is IdentifierReference -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been variable")
-                    is ArrayIndexedExpression -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been array")
-                    is DirectMemoryRead -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been memory")
-                    is TypecastExpression -> assignTypeCastedValue(assign.target, value.type, value.expression, value)
-                    is FunctionCall -> {
-                        when (val sub = value.target.targetStatement(program)) {
-                            is Subroutine -> {
-                                asmgen.saveXbeforeCall(value)
-                                asmgen.translateFunctionCall(value, true)
-                                val returnValue = sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters).singleOrNull { it.second.registerOrPair!=null } ?:
-                                    sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters).single { it.second.statusflag!=null }
-                                when (returnValue.first) {
-                                    DataType.STR -> {
-                                        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(value)
-                                        when(assign.target.datatype) {
-                                            DataType.UWORD -> {
-                                                // assign the address of the string result value
-                                                assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
-                                            }
-                                            DataType.STR, DataType.ARRAY_UB, DataType.ARRAY_B -> {
-                                                // copy the actual string result into the target string variable
-                                                asmgen.out("""
-                                                    pha
-                                                    lda  #<${assign.target.asmVarname}
-                                                    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
-                                                    lda  #>${assign.target.asmVarname}
-                                                    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
-                                                    pla
-                                                    jsr  prog8_lib.strcpy""")
-                                            }
-                                            else -> throw AssemblyError("weird target dt")
-                                        }
-                                    }
-                                    DataType.FLOAT -> {
-                                        // float result from function sits in FAC1
-                                        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(value)
-                                        assignFAC1float(assign.target)
-                                    }
-                                    else -> {
-                                        // do NOT restore X register before assigning the result values first
-                                        when (returnValue.second.registerOrPair) {
-                                            RegisterOrPair.A -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.A)
-                                            RegisterOrPair.X -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.X)
-                                            RegisterOrPair.Y -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.Y)
-                                            RegisterOrPair.AX -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AX)
-                                            RegisterOrPair.AY -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
-                                            RegisterOrPair.XY -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.XY)
-                                            else -> {
-                                                val sflag = returnValue.second.statusflag
-                                                if(sflag!=null)
-                                                    assignStatusFlagByte(assign.target, sflag)
-                                                else
-                                                    throw AssemblyError("should be just one register byte result value")
-                                            }
-                                        }
-                                        // we've processed the result value in the X register by now, so it's now finally safe to restore it
-                                        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(value)
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-                            is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder -> {
-                                val signature = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(sub.name)
-                                asmgen.translateBuiltinFunctionCallExpression(value, signature, false, assign.target.register)
-                                if(assign.target.register==null) {
-                                    // still need to assign the result to the target variable/etc.
-                                    val returntype = builtinFunctionReturnType(sub.name, value.args, program)
-                                    if(!returntype.isKnown)
-                                        throw AssemblyError("unknown dt")
-                                    when(returntype.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)) {
-                                        in ByteDatatypes -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.A)            // function's byte result is in A
-                                        in WordDatatypes -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)    // function's word result is in AY
-                                        DataType.STR -> {
-                                            when (assign.target.datatype) {
-                                                DataType.STR -> {
-                                                    asmgen.out("""
-                                                        pha
-                                                        lda  #<${assign.target.asmVarname}
-                                                        sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
-                                                        lda  #>${assign.target.asmVarname}
-                                                        sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
-                                                        pla
-                                                        jsr  prog8_lib.strcpy""")
-                                                }
-                                                DataType.UWORD -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
-                                                else -> throw AssemblyError("str return value type mismatch with target")
-                                            }
-                                        }
-                                        DataType.FLOAT -> {
-                                            // float result from function sits in FAC1
-                                            assignFAC1float(assign.target)
-                                        }
-                                        else -> throw AssemblyError("weird result type")
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-                            else -> {
-                                throw AssemblyError("weird func call")
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    is PrefixExpression -> {
-                        // first assign the value to the target then apply the operator in place on the target.
-                        translateNormalAssignment(AsmAssignment(
-                            AsmAssignSource.fromAstSource(value.expression, program, asmgen),
-                            assign.target,
-                            false, program.memsizer, assign.position
-                        ))
-                        val target = virtualRegsToVariables(assign.target)
-                        when(value.operator) {
-                            "+" -> {}
-                            "-" -> augmentableAsmGen.inplaceNegate(target, target.datatype)
-                            "~" -> augmentableAsmGen.inplaceInvert(target, target.datatype)
-                            "not" -> augmentableAsmGen.inplaceBooleanNot(target, target.datatype)
-                            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid prefix operator")
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else -> {
-                        // Everything else just evaluate via the stack.
-                        // (we can't use the assignment helper functions (assignExpressionTo...) to do it via registers here,
-                        // because the code here is the implementation of exactly that...)
-                        // TODO DON'T STACK-EVAL THIS... by using a temp var? so that it becomes augmentable assignment expression?
-                        asmgen.translateExpression(value)
-                        if (assign.target.datatype in WordDatatypes && assign.source.datatype in ByteDatatypes)
-                            asmgen.signExtendStackLsb(assign.source.datatype)
-                        if(assign.target.kind!=TargetStorageKind.STACK || assign.target.datatype != assign.source.datatype)
-                            assignStackValue(assign.target)
-                    }
-                }
+                assignExpression(assign)
             }
             SourceStorageKind.REGISTER -> {
                 asmgen.assignRegister(assign.source.register!!, assign.target)
@@ -294,6 +162,333 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
         }
     }
 
+    private fun assignExpression(assign: AsmAssignment) {
+        when(val value = assign.source.expression!!) {
+            is AddressOf -> {
+                val sourceName = asmgen.asmSymbolName(value.identifier)
+                assignAddressOf(assign.target, sourceName)
+            }
+            is NumericLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been literalnumber")
+            is IdentifierReference -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been variable")
+            is ArrayIndexedExpression -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been array")
+            is DirectMemoryRead -> throw AssemblyError("source kind should have been memory")
+            is TypecastExpression -> assignTypeCastedValue(assign.target, value.type, value.expression, value)
+            is FunctionCallExpression -> {
+                val sub = value.target.targetSubroutine(program)!!
+                asmgen.saveXbeforeCall(value)
+                asmgen.translateFunctionCall(value, true)
+                val returnValue = sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters).singleOrNull { it.second.registerOrPair!=null } ?:
+                sub.returntypes.zip(sub.asmReturnvaluesRegisters).single { it.second.statusflag!=null }
+                when (returnValue.first) {
+                    DataType.STR -> {
+                        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(value)
+                        when(assign.target.datatype) {
+                            DataType.UWORD -> {
+                                // assign the address of the string result value
+                                assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                            }
+                            DataType.STR, DataType.ARRAY_UB, DataType.ARRAY_B -> {
+                                // copy the actual string result into the target string variable
+                                asmgen.out("""
+                                            pha
+                                            lda  #<${assign.target.asmVarname}
+                                            sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                                            lda  #>${assign.target.asmVarname}
+                                            sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                                            pla
+                                            jsr  prog8_lib.strcpy""")
+                            }
+                            else -> throw AssemblyError("weird target dt")
+                        }
+                    }
+                    DataType.FLOAT -> {
+                        // float result from function sits in FAC1
+                        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(value)
+                        assignFAC1float(assign.target)
+                    }
+                    else -> {
+                        // do NOT restore X register before assigning the result values first
+                        when (returnValue.second.registerOrPair) {
+                            RegisterOrPair.A -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.A)
+                            RegisterOrPair.X -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.X)
+                            RegisterOrPair.Y -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.Y)
+                            RegisterOrPair.AX -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AX)
+                            RegisterOrPair.AY -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                            RegisterOrPair.XY -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.XY)
+                            else -> {
+                                val sflag = returnValue.second.statusflag
+                                if(sflag!=null)
+                                    assignStatusFlagByte(assign.target, sflag)
+                                else
+                                    throw AssemblyError("should be just one register byte result value")
+                            }
+                        }
+                        // we've processed the result value in the X register by now, so it's now finally safe to restore it
+                        asmgen.restoreXafterCall(value)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            is BuiltinFunctionCall -> {
+                asmgen.translateBuiltinFunctionCallExpression(value, false, assign.target.register)
+                if(assign.target.register==null) {
+                    // still need to assign the result to the target variable/etc.
+                    val returntype = builtinFunctionReturnType(value.name, value.args, program)
+                    if(!returntype.isKnown)
+                        throw AssemblyError("unknown dt")
+                    when(returntype.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)) {
+                        in ByteDatatypes -> assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.A)            // function's byte result is in A
+                        in WordDatatypes -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)    // function's word result is in AY
+                        DataType.STR -> {
+                            when (assign.target.datatype) {
+                                DataType.STR -> {
+                                    asmgen.out("""
+                                                        pha
+                                                        lda  #<${assign.target.asmVarname}
+                                                        sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                                                        lda  #>${assign.target.asmVarname}
+                                                        sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                                                        pla
+                                                        jsr  prog8_lib.strcpy""")
+                                }
+                                DataType.UWORD -> assignRegisterpairWord(assign.target, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                                else -> throw AssemblyError("str return value type mismatch with target")
+                            }
+                        }
+                        DataType.FLOAT -> {
+                            // float result from function sits in FAC1
+                            assignFAC1float(assign.target)
+                        }
+                        else -> throw AssemblyError("weird result type")
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            is PrefixExpression -> {
+                // first assign the value to the target then apply the operator in place on the target.
+                translateNormalAssignment(AsmAssignment(
+                    AsmAssignSource.fromAstSource(value.expression, program, asmgen),
+                    assign.target,
+                    false, program.memsizer, assign.position
+                ))
+                val target = virtualRegsToVariables(assign.target)
+                when(value.operator) {
+                    "+" -> {}
+                    "-" -> augmentableAsmGen.inplaceNegate(target, target.datatype)
+                    "~" -> augmentableAsmGen.inplaceInvert(target, target.datatype)
+                    "not" -> augmentableAsmGen.inplaceBooleanNot(target, target.datatype)
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid prefix operator")
+                }
+            }
+            is ContainmentCheck -> {
+                containmentCheckIntoA(value)
+                assignRegisterByte(assign.target, CpuRegister.A)
+            }
+            is PipeExpression -> {
+                asmgen.translatePipeExpression(value.source, value.segments, value, false, false)
+                val resultDt = value.inferType(program)
+                val register =
+                    if(resultDt.isBytes) RegisterOrPair.A
+                    else if(resultDt.isWords) RegisterOrPair.AY
+                    else if(resultDt istype DataType.FLOAT) RegisterOrPair.FAC1
+                    else throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+                asmgen.assignRegister(register, assign.target)
+            }
+            is BinaryExpression -> {
+                if(value.operator in ComparisonOperators) {
+                    // TODO real optimized code for comparison expressions that yield a boolean result value
+                    assignConstantByte(assign.target, 0)
+                    val origTarget = assign.target.origAstTarget
+                    if(origTarget!=null) {
+                        val assignTrue = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(
+                            Assignment(origTarget, NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(true, assign.position), AssignmentOrigin.ASMGEN, assign.position)
+                        ), assign.position)
+                        val assignFalse = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), assign.position)
+                        val ifelse = IfElse(value.copy(), assignTrue, assignFalse, assign.position)
+                        ifelse.linkParents(value)
+                        asmgen.translate(ifelse)
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        // no orig ast assign target so can't use the workaround, so fallback to stack eval
+                        fallbackToStackEval(assign)
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // All remaining binary expressions just evaluate via the stack for now.
+                    // (we can't use the assignment helper functions (assignExpressionTo...) to do it via registers here,
+                    // because the code here is the implementation of exactly that...)
+                    fallbackToStackEval(assign)
+                }
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("weird assignment value type $value")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun fallbackToStackEval(assign: AsmAssignment) {
+        // TODO DON'T STACK-EVAL... perhaps by using a temp var? so that it becomes augmentable assignment expression?
+        //      or don't try to solve it here in this one case and rather rewrite the whole stack based value evaluation.
+        // this routine is called for assigning a binaryexpression value:
+        // - if it's a boolean comparison expression and the workaround isn't possible (no origTarget ast node)
+        // - for all other binary expressions.
+        asmgen.translateExpression(assign.source.expression!!)
+        if (assign.target.datatype in WordDatatypes && assign.source.datatype in ByteDatatypes)
+            asmgen.signExtendStackLsb(assign.source.datatype)
+        if (assign.target.kind != TargetStorageKind.STACK || assign.target.datatype != assign.source.datatype)
+            assignStackValue(assign.target)
+    }
+
+    private fun containmentCheckIntoA(containment: ContainmentCheck) {
+        val elementDt = containment.element.inferType(program)
+        val range = containment.iterable as? RangeExpression
+        if(range!=null) {
+            val constRange = range.toConstantIntegerRange()
+            if(constRange!=null)
+                return containmentCheckIntoA(containment.element, elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), constRange.toList())
+            throw AssemblyError("non const range containment check not supported")
+        }
+        val variable = (containment.iterable as? IdentifierReference)?.targetVarDecl(program)
+        if(variable!=null) {
+            if(elementDt istype DataType.FLOAT)
+                throw AssemblyError("containment check of floats not supported")
+            if(variable.origin!=VarDeclOrigin.USERCODE) {
+                when(variable.datatype) {
+                    DataType.STR -> {
+                        require(elementDt.isBytes)
+                        val stringVal = variable.value as StringLiteral
+                        if(stringVal.value.length > ContainmentCheck.max_inlined_string_length) {
+                            // use subroutine
+                            val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(containment.iterable as IdentifierReference)
+                            assignAddressOf(AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, DataType.UWORD, containment.definingSubroutine, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1"), varname)
+                            assignExpressionToRegister(containment.element, RegisterOrPair.A, elementDt istype DataType.BYTE)
+                            asmgen.out("  ldy  #${stringVal.value.length}")
+                            asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.containment_bytearray")
+                            return
+                        } else {
+                            // inline cmp table
+                            val encoded = program.encoding.encodeString(stringVal.value, stringVal.encoding)
+                            return containmentCheckIntoA(containment.element, elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), encoded.map { it.toInt() })
+                        }
+                    }
+                    DataType.ARRAY_F -> {
+                        // require(elementDt istype DataType.FLOAT)
+                        throw AssemblyError("containment check of floats not supported")
+                    }
+                    in ArrayDatatypes -> {
+                        require(elementDt.isInteger)
+                        val arrayVal = variable.value as ArrayLiteral
+                        val dt = elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
+                        if(arrayVal.value.size > ContainmentCheck.max_inlined_string_length) {
+                            // use subroutine
+                            val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(containment.iterable as IdentifierReference)
+                            when(dt) {
+                                in ByteDatatypes -> {
+                                    assignAddressOf(AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, DataType.UWORD, containment.definingSubroutine, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1"), varname)
+                                    assignExpressionToRegister(containment.element, RegisterOrPair.A, elementDt istype DataType.BYTE)
+                                    asmgen.out("  ldy  #${arrayVal.value.size}")
+                                    asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.containment_bytearray")
+                                }
+                                in WordDatatypes -> {
+                                    assignExpressionToVariable(containment.element, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1", elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), containment.definingSubroutine)
+                                    assignAddressOf(AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, DataType.UWORD, containment.definingSubroutine, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2"), varname)
+                                    asmgen.out("  ldy  #${arrayVal.value.size}")
+                                    asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.containment_wordarray")
+                                }
+                                else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+                            }
+                            return
+                        } else {
+                            // inline cmp table
+                            val values = arrayVal.value.map { it.constValue(program)!!.number.toInt() }
+                            return containmentCheckIntoA(containment.element, dt, values)
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+                }
+            }
+            val varname = asmgen.asmVariableName(containment.iterable as IdentifierReference)
+            when(variable.datatype) {
+                DataType.STR -> {
+                    // use subroutine
+                    assignAddressOf(AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, DataType.UWORD, containment.definingSubroutine, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1"), varname)
+                    assignExpressionToRegister(containment.element, RegisterOrPair.A, elementDt istype DataType.BYTE)
+                    val stringVal = variable.value as StringLiteral
+                    asmgen.out("  ldy  #${stringVal.value.length}")
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.containment_bytearray")
+                    return
+                }
+                DataType.ARRAY_F -> throw AssemblyError("containment check of floats not supported")
+                DataType.ARRAY_B, DataType.ARRAY_UB -> {
+                    val arrayVal = variable.value as ArrayLiteral
+                    assignAddressOf(AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, DataType.UWORD, containment.definingSubroutine, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1"), varname)
+                    assignExpressionToRegister(containment.element, RegisterOrPair.A, elementDt istype DataType.BYTE)
+                    asmgen.out("  ldy  #${arrayVal.value.size}")
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.containment_bytearray")
+                    return
+                }
+                DataType.ARRAY_W, DataType.ARRAY_UW -> {
+                    val arrayVal = variable.value as ArrayLiteral
+                    assignExpressionToVariable(containment.element, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1", elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), containment.definingSubroutine)
+                    assignAddressOf(AsmAssignTarget(TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE, program, asmgen, DataType.UWORD, containment.definingSubroutine, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2"), varname)
+                    asmgen.out("  ldy  #${arrayVal.value.size}")
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.containment_wordarray")
+                    return
+                }
+                else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+            }
+        }
+        val stringVal = containment.iterable as? StringLiteral
+        if(stringVal!=null) {
+            require(elementDt.isBytes)
+            if(stringVal.value.length > ContainmentCheck.max_inlined_string_length)
+                throw AssemblyError("string should have been inlined in if it was this long")
+            val encoded = program.encoding.encodeString(stringVal.value, stringVal.encoding)
+            return containmentCheckIntoA(containment.element, elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), encoded.map { it.toInt() })
+        }
+        val arrayVal = containment.iterable as? ArrayLiteral
+        if(arrayVal!=null) {
+            require(elementDt.isInteger)
+            if(arrayVal.value.size > ContainmentCheck.max_inlined_string_length)
+                throw AssemblyError("array should have been inlined in if it was this long")
+            val values = arrayVal.value.map { it.constValue(program)!!.number.toInt() }
+            return containmentCheckIntoA(containment.element, elementDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), values)
+        }
+
+        throw AssemblyError("invalid containment iterable type")
+    }
+
+    private fun containmentCheckIntoA(element: Expression, dt: DataType, values: List<Number>) {
+        if(values.size<2)
+            throw AssemblyError("containment check against 0 or 1 values should have been optimized away")
+        val containsLabel = asmgen.makeLabel("contains")
+        when(dt) {
+            in ByteDatatypes -> {
+                asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(element, RegisterOrPair.A, dt==DataType.BYTE)
+                for (value in values) {
+                    asmgen.out("  cmp  #$value |  beq  +")
+                }
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  #0
+                    beq  ++
++                   lda  #1
++""")
+            }
+            in WordDatatypes -> {
+                asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(element, RegisterOrPair.AY, dt==DataType.WORD)
+                for (value in values) {
+                    asmgen.out("""
+                        cmp  #<$value
+                        bne  +
+                        cpy  #>$value
+                        beq  $containsLabel
++""")
+                }
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  #0
+                    beq  +
+$containsLabel      lda  #1
++""")
+            }
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
+        }
+    }
+
     private fun assignStatusFlagByte(target: AsmAssignTarget, statusflag: Statusflag) {
         when(statusflag) {
             Statusflag.Pc -> {
@@ -341,8 +536,8 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     }
 
                     when (value.addressExpression) {
-                        is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                            val address = (value.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number.toUInt()
+                        is NumericLiteral -> {
+                            val address = (value.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number.toUInt()
                             assignMemoryByteIntoWord(target, address, null)
                             return
                         }
@@ -364,7 +559,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     }
                 }
             }
-            is NumericLiteralValue -> throw AssemblyError("a cast of a literal value should have been const-folded away")
+            is NumericLiteral -> throw AssemblyError("a cast of a literal value should have been const-folded away")
             else -> {}
         }
 
@@ -442,6 +637,11 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
             }
         }
 
+        if(target.kind==TargetStorageKind.REGISTER) {
+            assignExpressionToRegister(value, target.register!!, targetDt==DataType.BYTE || targetDt==DataType.WORD)
+            return
+        }
+
         if(targetDt==DataType.FLOAT && (target.register==RegisterOrPair.FAC1 || target.register==RegisterOrPair.FAC2)) {
             when(valueDt) {
                 DataType.UBYTE -> {
@@ -474,7 +674,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
     }
 
     private fun assignCastViaLsbFunc(value: Expression, target: AsmAssignTarget) {
-        val lsb = FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("lsb"), value.position), mutableListOf(value), value.position)
+        val lsb = BuiltinFunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("lsb"), value.position), mutableListOf(value), value.position)
         lsb.linkParents(value.parent)
         val src = AsmAssignSource(SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION, program, asmgen, DataType.UBYTE, expression = lsb)
         val assign = AsmAssignment(src, target, false, program.memsizer, value.position)
@@ -818,8 +1018,8 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                         }
                         DataType.FLOAT -> {
                             asmgen.out("""
-                                lda  #<${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx
-                                ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx
+                                lda  #<(${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx)
+                                ldy  #>(${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx)
                                 jsr  floats.pop_float
                             """)
                         }
@@ -1031,8 +1231,8 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                                 ldy  #>$sourceName
                                 sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
                                 sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
-                                lda  #<${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx
-                                ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx
+                                lda  #<(${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx)
+                                ldy  #>(${target.asmVarname}+$scaledIdx)
                                 jsr  floats.copy_float
                             """)
                         }
@@ -1184,17 +1384,13 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
         when(target.kind) {
             TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE -> {
                 asmgen.out("""
-                    lda  $sourceName
-                    sta  ${target.asmVarname}
-                    lda  $sourceName+1
-                    sta  ${target.asmVarname}+1
-                    lda  $sourceName+2
-                    sta  ${target.asmVarname}+2
-                    lda  $sourceName+3
-                    sta  ${target.asmVarname}+3
-                    lda  $sourceName+4
-                    sta  ${target.asmVarname}+4
-                """)
+                    lda  #<$sourceName
+                    ldy  #>$sourceName
+                    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                    sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                    lda  #<${target.asmVarname}
+                    ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}
+                    jsr  floats.copy_float""")
             }
             TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> {
                 asmgen.out("""
@@ -1315,7 +1511,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                         pha
                         ora  #$7f
                         bmi  +
-                        ldx  #0
+                        lda  #0
 +                       tax
                         pla""")
                     RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("""
@@ -1323,7 +1519,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                         pha
                         ora  #$7f
                         bmi  +
-                        ldy  #0
+                        lda  #0
 +                       tay
                         pla""")
                     RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("""
@@ -1331,9 +1527,19 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                         tax 
                         ora  #$7f
                         bmi  +
-                        ldy  #0
+                        lda  #0
 +                       tay""")
-                    else -> throw AssemblyError("only reg pairs are words")
+                    in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
+                        val regname = wordtarget.register.name.lowercase()
+                        asmgen.out("""
+                            lda  $sourceName
+                            sta  cx16.$regname
+                            ora  #$7f
+                            bmi  +
+                            lda  #0
++                           sta  cx16.$regname+1""")
+                    }
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("only reg pairs allowed as word target ${wordtarget.register}")
                 }
             }
             TargetStorageKind.STACK -> {
@@ -1384,7 +1590,14 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     RegisterOrPair.AX -> asmgen.out("  ldx  #0 |  lda  $sourceName")
                     RegisterOrPair.AY -> asmgen.out("  ldy  #0 |  lda  $sourceName")
                     RegisterOrPair.XY -> asmgen.out("  ldy  #0 |  ldx  $sourceName")
-                    else -> throw AssemblyError("only reg pairs are words")
+                    in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> {
+                        val regname = wordtarget.register.name.lowercase()
+                        if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName |  sta  cx16.$regname |  stz  cx16.$regname+1")
+                        else
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $sourceName |  sta  cx16.$regname |  lda  #0 |  sta  cx16.$regname+1")
+                    }
+                    else -> throw AssemblyError("only reg pairs allowed as word target")
                 }
             }
             TargetStorageKind.STACK -> {
@@ -1897,7 +2110,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> throw AssemblyError("can't assign float to memory byte")
                 TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> {
-                    val floatConst = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(float)
+                    val floatConst = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(float)
                     when(target.register!!) {
                         RegisterOrPair.FAC1 -> asmgen.out("  lda  #<$floatConst  | ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.MOVFM")
                         RegisterOrPair.FAC2 -> asmgen.out("  lda  #<$floatConst  | ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.CONUPK")
@@ -1905,27 +2118,23 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     }
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.STACK -> {
-                    val floatConst = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(float)
+                    val floatConst = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(float)
                     asmgen.out(" lda  #<$floatConst |  ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.push_float")
                 }
             }
         } else {
             // non-zero value
-            val constFloat = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(float)
+            val constFloat = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(float)
             when(target.kind) {
                 TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE -> {
                     asmgen.out("""
-                            lda  $constFloat
-                            sta  ${target.asmVarname}
-                            lda  $constFloat+1
-                            sta  ${target.asmVarname}+1
-                            lda  $constFloat+2
-                            sta  ${target.asmVarname}+2
-                            lda  $constFloat+3
-                            sta  ${target.asmVarname}+3
-                            lda  $constFloat+4
-                            sta  ${target.asmVarname}+4
-                        """)
+                        lda  #<$constFloat
+                        ldy  #>$constFloat
+                        sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                        sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                        lda  #<${target.asmVarname}
+                        ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}
+                        jsr  floats.copy_float""")
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> {
                     val arrayVarName = target.asmVarname
@@ -1933,17 +2142,13 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     if (constIndex!=null) {
                         val indexValue = constIndex * program.memsizer.memorySize(DataType.FLOAT)
                         asmgen.out("""
-                            lda  $constFloat
-                            sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue
-                            lda  $constFloat+1
-                            sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue+1
-                            lda  $constFloat+2
-                            sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue+2
-                            lda  $constFloat+3
-                            sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue+3
-                            lda  $constFloat+4
-                            sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue+4
-                        """)
+                            lda  #<$constFloat
+                            ldy  #>$constFloat
+                            sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                            lda  #<($arrayVarName+$indexValue)
+                            ldy  #>($arrayVarName+$indexValue)
+                            jsr  floats.copy_float""")
                     } else {
                         val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference)
                         asmgen.out("""
@@ -1962,7 +2167,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> throw AssemblyError("can't assign float to memory byte")
                 TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> {
-                    val floatConst = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(float)
+                    val floatConst = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(float)
                     when(target.register!!) {
                         RegisterOrPair.FAC1 -> asmgen.out("  lda  #<$floatConst  | ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.MOVFM")
                         RegisterOrPair.FAC2 -> asmgen.out("  lda  #<$floatConst  | ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.CONUPK")
@@ -1970,7 +2175,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     }
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.STACK -> {
-                    val floatConst = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(float)
+                    val floatConst = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(float)
                     asmgen.out(" lda  #<$floatConst |  ldy  #>$floatConst |  jsr  floats.push_float")
                 }
             }
@@ -2126,11 +2331,11 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
 
     private fun storeRegisterAInMemoryAddress(memoryAddress: DirectMemoryWrite) {
         val addressExpr = memoryAddress.addressExpression
-        val addressLv = addressExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+        val addressLv = addressExpr as? NumericLiteral
 
         fun storeViaExprEval() {
             when(addressExpr) {
-                is NumericLiteralValue, is IdentifierReference -> {
+                is NumericLiteral, is IdentifierReference -> {
                     assignExpressionToVariable(addressExpr, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2", DataType.UWORD, null)
                     asmgen.storeAIntoZpPointerVar("P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2")
                 }

codeGenCpu6502/src/prog8/codegen/cpu6502/assignment/AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment
+package prog8.codegen.cpu6502.assignment
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
 import prog8.ast.toHex
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.AsmGen
+import prog8.codegen.cpu6502.VariableAllocator
+import prog8.compilerinterface.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CpuType
 
 
 internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                            private val assignmentAsmGen: AssignmentAsmGen,
-                                           private val asmgen: AsmGen
+                                           private val asmgen: AsmGen,
+                                           private val allocator: VariableAllocator
 ) {
     fun translate(assign: AsmAssignment) {
         require(assign.isAugmentable)
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             return inplaceModification(target, binExpr.operator, binExpr.right)
         }
 
-        if (binExpr.operator in associativeOperators) {
+        if (binExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
             if (binExpr.right isSameAs astTarget) {
                 // A = 5 <operator> A
                 return inplaceModification(target, binExpr.operator, binExpr.left)
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             }
             if(leftBinExpr.right isSameAs astTarget) {
                 // X = (Left <oper> X) <oper> Something
-                if(leftBinExpr.operator in associativeOperators) {
+                if(leftBinExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
                     inplaceModification(target, leftBinExpr.operator, leftBinExpr.left)
                     inplaceModification(target, binExpr.operator, binExpr.right)
                     return
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
         if(leftBinExpr==null && rightBinExpr!=null) {
             if(rightBinExpr.left isSameAs astTarget) {
                 // X = Something <oper> (X <oper> Right)
-                if(binExpr.operator in associativeOperators) {
+                if(binExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
                     inplaceModification(target, rightBinExpr.operator, rightBinExpr.right)
                     inplaceModification(target, binExpr.operator, binExpr.left)
                     return
@@ -133,7 +135,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             }
             if(rightBinExpr.right isSameAs astTarget) {
                 // X = Something <oper> (Left <oper> X)
-                if(binExpr.operator in associativeOperators && rightBinExpr.operator in associativeOperators) {
+                if(binExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators && rightBinExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
                     inplaceModification(target, rightBinExpr.operator, rightBinExpr.left)
                     inplaceModification(target, binExpr.operator, binExpr.left)
                     return
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             origValue
         }
 
-        val valueLv = (value as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number
+        val valueLv = (value as? NumericLiteral)?.number
         val ident = value as? IdentifierReference
         val memread = value as? DirectMemoryRead
 
@@ -173,7 +175,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             ident != null -> inplaceModification_byte_variable_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, ident)
                             memread != null -> inplaceModification_byte_memread_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, memread)
                             value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                 inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, value)
                             }
                             else -> inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, value)
@@ -185,7 +187,8 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             ident != null -> inplaceModification_word_variable_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, ident)
                             memread != null -> inplaceModification_word_memread_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, memread)
                             value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator))
+                                    return
                                 inplaceModification_word_value_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, value)
                             }
                             else -> inplaceModification_word_value_to_variable(target.asmVarname, target.datatype, operator, value)
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             valueLv != null -> inplaceModification_float_litval_to_variable(target.asmVarname, operator, valueLv.toDouble(), target.scope!!)
                             ident != null -> inplaceModification_float_variable_to_variable(target.asmVarname, operator, ident, target.scope!!)
                             value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                 inplaceModification_float_value_to_variable(target.asmVarname, operator, value, target.scope!!)
                             }
                             else -> inplaceModification_float_value_to_variable(target.asmVarname, operator, value, target.scope!!)
@@ -208,15 +211,15 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> {
                 val memory = target.memory!!
                 when (memory.addressExpression) {
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                        val addr = (memory.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number.toInt()
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
+                        val addr = (memory.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number.toInt()
                         // re-use code to assign a variable, instead this time, use a direct memory address
                         when {
                             valueLv != null -> inplaceModification_byte_litval_to_variable(addr.toHex(), DataType.UBYTE, operator, valueLv.toInt())
                             ident != null -> inplaceModification_byte_variable_to_variable(addr.toHex(), DataType.UBYTE, operator, ident)
                             memread != null -> inplaceModification_byte_memread_to_variable(addr.toHex(), DataType.UBYTE, operator, value)
                             value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                 inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable(addr.toHex(), DataType.UBYTE, operator, value)
                             }
                             else -> inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable(addr.toHex(), DataType.UBYTE, operator, value)
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             valueLv != null -> inplaceModification_byte_litval_to_pointer(pointer, operator, valueLv.toInt())
                             ident != null -> inplaceModification_byte_variable_to_pointer(pointer, operator, ident)
                             value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                 inplaceModification_byte_value_to_pointer(pointer, operator, value)
                             }
                             else -> inplaceModification_byte_value_to_pointer(pointer, operator, value)
@@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             ident != null -> inplaceModification_byte_variable_to_variable("P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", DataType.UBYTE, operator, ident)
                             memread != null -> inplaceModification_byte_memread_to_variable("P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", DataType.UBYTE, operator, memread)
                             value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                 inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable("P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", DataType.UBYTE, operator, value)
                             }
                             else -> inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable("P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", DataType.UBYTE, operator, value)
@@ -254,7 +257,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             }
             TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> {
                 with(target.array!!.indexer) {
-                    val indexNum = indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+                    val indexNum = indexExpr as? NumericLiteral
                     val indexVar = indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
                     when {
                         indexNum!=null -> {
@@ -266,7 +269,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                         ident != null -> inplaceModification_byte_variable_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, ident)
                                         memread != null -> inplaceModification_byte_memread_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, memread)
                                         value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                            if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                            if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                             inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, value)
                                         }
                                         else -> inplaceModification_byte_value_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, value)
@@ -278,7 +281,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                         ident != null -> inplaceModification_word_variable_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, ident)
                                         memread != null -> inplaceModification_word_memread_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, memread)
                                         value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                            if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                            if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                             inplaceModification_word_value_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, value)
                                         }
                                         else -> inplaceModification_word_value_to_variable(targetVarName, target.datatype, operator, value)
@@ -289,7 +292,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                         valueLv != null -> inplaceModification_float_litval_to_variable(targetVarName, operator, valueLv.toDouble(), target.scope!!)
                                         ident != null -> inplaceModification_float_variable_to_variable(targetVarName, operator, ident, target.scope!!)
                                         value is TypecastExpression -> {
-                                            if (tryRemoveRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
+                                            if (tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value, target, operator)) return
                                             inplaceModification_float_value_to_variable(targetVarName, operator, value, target.scope!!)
                                         }
                                         else -> inplaceModification_float_value_to_variable(targetVarName, operator, value, target.scope!!)
@@ -348,7 +351,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
         }
     }
 
-    private fun tryRemoveRedundantCast(value: TypecastExpression, target: AsmAssignTarget, operator: String): Boolean {
+    private fun tryInplaceModifyWithRemovedRedundantCast(value: TypecastExpression, target: AsmAssignTarget, operator: String): Boolean {
         if (target.datatype == value.type) {
             val childIDt = value.expression.inferType(program)
             val childDt = childIDt.getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
@@ -574,6 +577,26 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.A)
                 asmgen.out("  eor  $name |  sta  $name")
             }
+            "==" -> {
+                asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    cmp  $name
+                    beq  +
+                    lda  #0
+                    beq  ++
++                   lda  #1
++                   sta  $name""")
+            }
+            "!=" -> {
+                asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    cmp  $name
+                    beq  +
+                    lda  #1
+                    bne  ++
++                   lda  #0
++                   sta  $name""")
+            }
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -631,6 +654,26 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  and  $otherName |  sta  $name")
             "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  ora  $otherName |  sta  $name")
             "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  eor  $otherName |  sta  $name")
+            "==" -> {
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  $otherName
+                    cmp  $name
+                    beq  +
+                    lda  #0
+                    bne  ++
++                   lda  #1
++                   sta  $name""")
+            }
+            "!=" -> {
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  $otherName
+                    cmp  $name
+                    beq  +
+                    lda  #1
+                    bne  ++
++                   lda  #0
++                   sta  $name""")
+            }
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -702,6 +745,26 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  and  #$value |  sta  $name")
             "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  ora  #$value |  sta  $name")
             "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  eor  #$value |  sta  $name")
+            "==" -> {
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  $name
+                    cmp  #$value
+                    beq  +
+                    lda  #0
+                    beq  ++
++                   lda  #1
++                   sta  $name""")
+            }
+            "!=" -> {
+                asmgen.out("""
+                    lda  $name
+                    cmp  #$value
+                    beq  +
+                    lda  #1
+                    bne  ++
++                   lda  #0
++                   sta  $name""")
+            }
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -1006,6 +1069,18 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                         else
                             asmgen.out("  lda  #0 |  sta  $name |  sta  $name+1")
                     }
+                    value == 0x00ff -> {
+                        if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+                            asmgen.out("  stz  $name+1")
+                        else
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  #0 |  sta  $name+1")
+                    }
+                    value == 0xff00 -> {
+                        if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+                            asmgen.out("  stz  $name")
+                        else
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  #0 |  sta  $name")
+                    }
                     value and 255 == 0 -> {
                         if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
                             asmgen.out("  stz  $name")
@@ -1085,33 +1160,38 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
 +""")
                         else
                             asmgen.out("""
-                                ldy  #0
+                                ldy  #255
                                 lda  $otherName
                                 bpl  +
-                                dey     ; sign extend
-+                               sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-                                lda  $name
+                                iny     ; sign extend
++                               eor  #255
                                 sec
-                                sbc  $otherName
+                                adc  $name
                                 sta  $name
-                                lda  $name+1
-                                sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+                                tya
+                                adc  $name+1
                                 sta  $name+1""")
                     }
                     "*" -> {
-                        asmgen.out("  lda  $otherName |  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1")
-                        if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
-                            asmgen.out("  stz  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1")
-                        else
-                            asmgen.out("  lda  #0 |  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1")
+                        if(valueDt==DataType.UBYTE) {
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $otherName |  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1")
+                            if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+                                asmgen.out("  stz  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1")
+                            else
+                                asmgen.out("  lda  #0 |  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1")
+                        } else {
+                            asmgen.out("  lda  $otherName")
+                            asmgen.signExtendAYlsb(valueDt)
+                            asmgen.out("  sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1 |  sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1")
+                        }
                         asmgen.out("""
-                            lda  $name
-                            ldy  $name+1
-                            jsr  math.multiply_words
-                            lda  math.multiply_words.result
-                            sta  $name
-                            lda  math.multiply_words.result+1
-                            sta  $name+1""")
+                                lda  $name
+                                ldy  $name+1
+                                jsr  math.multiply_words
+                                lda  math.multiply_words.result
+                                sta  $name
+                                lda  math.multiply_words.result+1
+                                sta  $name+1""")
                     }
                     "/" -> {
                         if(dt==DataType.UWORD) {
@@ -1367,29 +1447,28 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                 sta  $name+1""")
                     }
                     "-" -> {
-                        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(value, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG", valueDt, null)
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(value, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", valueDt, null)
                         if(valueDt==DataType.UBYTE)
                             asmgen.out("""
                                 lda  $name
                                 sec
-                                sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+                                sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
                                 sta  $name
                                 bcs  +
                                 dec  $name+1
 +""")
                         else
                             asmgen.out("""
-                                ldy  #0
-                                lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+                                ldy  #255
+                                lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
                                 bpl  +
-                                dey         ; sign extend
-+                               sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-                                lda  $name
+                                iny         ; sign extend
++                               eor  #255
                                 sec
-                                sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+                                adc  $name
                                 sta  $name
-                                lda  $name+1
-                                sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+                                tya
+                                adc  $name+1
                                 sta  $name+1""")
                     }
                     "*" -> {
@@ -1568,7 +1647,7 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
         asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, scope)
         when (operator) {
             "**" -> {
-                if(asmgen.haveFPWR()) {
+                if(asmgen.haveFPWRcall()) {
                     asmgen.out("""
                         lda  #<$name
                         ldy  #>$name
@@ -1641,11 +1720,11 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
     }
 
     private fun inplaceModification_float_litval_to_variable(name: String, operator: String, value: Double, scope: Subroutine) {
-        val constValueName = asmgen.getFloatAsmConst(value)
+        val constValueName = allocator.getFloatAsmConst(value)
         asmgen.saveRegisterLocal(CpuRegister.X, scope)
         when (operator) {
             "**" -> {
-                if(asmgen.haveFPWR()) {
+                if(asmgen.haveFPWRcall()) {
                     asmgen.out("""
                         lda  #<$name
                         ldy  #>$name
@@ -1790,8 +1869,8 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> {
                         val mem = target.memory!!
                         when (mem.addressExpression) {
-                            is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                                val addr = (mem.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number.toHex()
+                            is NumericLiteral -> {
+                                val addr = (mem.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number.toHex()
                                 asmgen.out("""
                                     lda  $addr
                                     beq  +
@@ -1824,18 +1903,18 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                 cmp  #0
                                 beq  +
                                 lda  #1
-    +                           eor  #1""")
++                               eor  #1""")
                             RegisterOrPair.X -> asmgen.out("""
                                 txa
                                 beq  +
                                 lda  #1
-    +                           eor  #1
++                               eor  #1
                                 tax""")
                             RegisterOrPair.Y -> asmgen.out("""
                                 tya
                                 beq  +
                                 lda  #1
-    +                           eor  #1
++                               eor  #1
                                 tay""")
                             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid reg dt for byte not")
                         }
@@ -1918,8 +1997,8 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> {
                         val memory = target.memory!!
                         when (memory.addressExpression) {
-                            is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                                val addr = (memory.addressExpression as NumericLiteralValue).number.toHex()
+                            is NumericLiteral -> {
+                                val addr = (memory.addressExpression as NumericLiteral).number.toHex()
                                 asmgen.out("""
                                     lda  $addr
                                     eor  #255
@@ -2026,40 +2105,38 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                         when(target.register!!) { //P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
                             RegisterOrPair.AX -> {
                                 asmgen.out("""
-                                    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
-                                    stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG+1
-                                    lda  #0
                                     sec
-                                    sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+                                    eor  #255
+                                    adc  #0
                                     pha
-                                    lda  #0
-                                    sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG+1
+                                    txa
+                                    eor  #255
+                                    adc  #0
                                     tax
                                     pla""")
                             }
                             RegisterOrPair.AY -> {
                                 asmgen.out("""
-                                    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
-                                    sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG+1
-                                    lda  #0
                                     sec
-                                    sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+                                    eor  #255
+                                    adc  #0
                                     pha
-                                    lda  #0
-                                    sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG+1
+                                    tya
+                                    eor  #255
+                                    adc  #0
                                     tay
                                     pla""")
                             }
                             RegisterOrPair.XY -> {
                                 asmgen.out("""
-                                    stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
-                                    sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG+1
-                                    lda  #0
                                     sec
-                                    sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+                                    txa
+                                    eor  #255
+                                    adc  #0
                                     tax
-                                    lda  #0
-                                    sbc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG+1
+                                    tya
+                                    eor  #255
+                                    adc  #0
                                     tay""")
                             }
                             in Cx16VirtualRegisters -> throw AssemblyError("cx16 virtual regs should be variables, not real registers")

codeGenExperimental6502/build.gradle

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+
+plugins {
+    id 'java'
+    id 'application'
+    id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm"
+}
+
+java {
+    toolchain {
+        languageVersion = JavaLanguageVersion.of(javaVersion)
+    }
+}
+
+compileKotlin {
+    kotlinOptions {
+        jvmTarget = javaVersion
+    }
+}
+
+compileTestKotlin {
+    kotlinOptions {
+        jvmTarget = javaVersion
+    }
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    implementation project(':compilerInterfaces')
+    implementation project(':compilerAst')
+    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8"
+    // implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect"
+    implementation "com.michael-bull.kotlin-result:kotlin-result-jvm:1.1.12"
+
+}
+
+sourceSets {
+    main {
+        java {
+            srcDirs = ["${project.projectDir}/src"]
+        }
+        resources {
+            srcDirs = ["${project.projectDir}/res"]
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// note: there are no unit tests in this module!

codeGenExperimental6502/codeGenExperimental6502.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="JAVA_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager" inherit-compiler-output="true">
+    <exclude-output />
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src" isTestSource="false" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build" />
+    </content>
+    <orderEntry type="inheritedJdk" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+    <orderEntry type="library" name="KotlinJavaRuntime" level="project" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="compilerAst" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="compilerInterfaces" />
+    <orderEntry type="library" name="michael.bull.kotlin.result.jvm" level="project" />
+  </component>
+</module>

codeGenExperimental6502/src/prog8/codegen/experimental6502/AsmGen.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package prog8.codegen.experimental6502
+
+import prog8.ast.Program
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+class AsmGen(internal val program: Program,
+             internal val errors: IErrorReporter,
+             internal val variables: IVariablesAndConsts,
+             internal val options: CompilationOptions): IAssemblyGenerator {
+
+    override fun compileToAssembly(): IAssemblyProgram? {
+
+        println("\n** experimental 65(c)02 code generator **\n")
+
+        println("..todo: create assembly code into ${options.outputDir.toAbsolutePath()}..")
+        return AssemblyProgram("dummy")
+    }
+}

codeGenExperimental6502/src/prog8/codegen/experimental6502/AssemblyProgram.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package prog8.codegen.experimental6502
+
+import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IAssemblyProgram
+
+
+internal class AssemblyProgram(override val name: String) : IAssemblyProgram
+{
+    override fun assemble(options: CompilationOptions): Boolean {
+        println("..todo: assemble code into binary..")
+        return false
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/build.gradle

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+
+plugins {
+    id 'java'
+    id 'application'
+    id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm"
+}
+
+java {
+    toolchain {
+        languageVersion = JavaLanguageVersion.of(javaVersion)
+    }
+}
+
+compileKotlin {
+    kotlinOptions {
+        jvmTarget = javaVersion
+    }
+}
+
+compileTestKotlin {
+    kotlinOptions {
+        jvmTarget = javaVersion
+    }
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    implementation project(':compilerInterfaces')
+    implementation project(':compilerAst')
+    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8"
+    // implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect"
+    implementation "com.michael-bull.kotlin-result:kotlin-result-jvm:1.1.12"
+
+}
+
+sourceSets {
+    main {
+        java {
+            srcDirs = ["${project.projectDir}/src"]
+        }
+        resources {
+            srcDirs = ["${project.projectDir}/res"]
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// note: there are no unit tests in this module!

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/AtariTarget.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target
+
+import prog8.ast.base.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
+import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteral
+import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
+import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
+import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
+import prog8.codegen.target.atari.AtariMachineDefinition
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+
+class AtariTarget: ICompilationTarget, IStringEncoding by Encoder, IMemSizer {
+    override val name = NAME
+    override val machine = AtariMachineDefinition()
+    override val supportedEncodings = setOf(Encoding.ATASCII)
+    override val defaultEncoding = Encoding.ATASCII
+
+    companion object {
+        const val NAME = "atari"
+    }
+
+    override fun asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub: Subroutine): List<Int> =
+        asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder(sub)
+    override fun asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>, paramRegisters: List<RegisterOrStatusflag>) =
+        asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args, paramRegisters)
+
+    override fun memorySize(dt: DataType): Int {
+        return when(dt) {
+            in ByteDatatypes -> 1
+            in WordDatatypes, in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> 2
+            DataType.FLOAT -> 6
+            else -> Int.MIN_VALUE
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun memorySize(decl: VarDecl): Int {
+        return when(decl.type) {
+            VarDeclType.CONST -> 0
+            VarDeclType.VAR, VarDeclType.MEMORY -> {
+                when(val dt = decl.datatype) {
+                    in NumericDatatypes -> return memorySize(dt)
+                    in ArrayDatatypes -> decl.arraysize!!.constIndex()!! * memorySize(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(dt))
+                    DataType.STR -> (decl.value as StringLiteral).value.length + 1
+                    else -> 0
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/C128Target.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target
+
+import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
+import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
+import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
+import prog8.codegen.target.c128.C128MachineDefinition
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.CbmMemorySizer
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+
+class C128Target: ICompilationTarget, IStringEncoding by Encoder, IMemSizer by CbmMemorySizer {
+    override val name = NAME
+    override val machine = C128MachineDefinition()
+    override val supportedEncodings = setOf(Encoding.PETSCII, Encoding.SCREENCODES)
+    override val defaultEncoding = Encoding.PETSCII
+
+    companion object {
+        const val NAME = "c128"
+    }
+
+    override fun asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub: Subroutine): List<Int> =
+        asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder(sub)
+    override fun asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>, paramRegisters: List<RegisterOrStatusflag>) =
+        asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args, paramRegisters)
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/C64Target.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target
+
+import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
+import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
+import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
+import prog8.codegen.target.c64.C64MachineDefinition
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.CbmMemorySizer
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+
+class C64Target: ICompilationTarget, IStringEncoding by Encoder, IMemSizer by CbmMemorySizer {
+    override val name = NAME
+    override val machine = C64MachineDefinition()
+    override val supportedEncodings = setOf(Encoding.PETSCII, Encoding.SCREENCODES)
+    override val defaultEncoding = Encoding.PETSCII
+
+    companion object {
+        const val NAME = "c64"
+    }
+
+    override fun asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub: Subroutine): List<Int> =
+        asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder(sub)
+    override fun asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>, paramRegisters: List<RegisterOrStatusflag>) =
+        asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args, paramRegisters)
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/Cx16Target.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target
+
+import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
+import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
+import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.CbmMemorySizer
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk
+import prog8.codegen.target.cx16.CX16MachineDefinition
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+
+class Cx16Target: ICompilationTarget, IStringEncoding by Encoder, IMemSizer by CbmMemorySizer {
+    override val name = NAME
+    override val machine = CX16MachineDefinition()
+    override val supportedEncodings = setOf(Encoding.PETSCII, Encoding.SCREENCODES, Encoding.ISO)
+    override val defaultEncoding = Encoding.PETSCII
+
+    companion object {
+        const val NAME = "cx16"
+    }
+
+    override fun asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub: Subroutine): List<Int> =
+        asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder(sub)
+    override fun asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>, paramRegisters: List<RegisterOrStatusflag>) =
+        asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args, paramRegisters)
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/Encoder.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target
+
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.fold
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.AtasciiEncoding
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.IsoEncoding
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.PetsciiEncoding
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Encoding
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IStringEncoding
+import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
+
+internal object Encoder: IStringEncoding {
+    override fun encodeString(str: String, encoding: Encoding): List<UByte> {
+        val coded = when(encoding) {
+            Encoding.PETSCII -> PetsciiEncoding.encodePetscii(str, true)
+            Encoding.SCREENCODES -> PetsciiEncoding.encodeScreencode(str, true)
+            Encoding.ISO -> IsoEncoding.encode(str)
+            Encoding.ATASCII -> AtasciiEncoding.encode(str)
+            else -> throw InternalCompilerException("unsupported encoding $encoding")
+        }
+        return coded.fold(
+            failure = { throw it },
+            success = { it }
+        )
+    }
+    override fun decodeString(bytes: List<UByte>, encoding: Encoding): String {
+        val decoded = when(encoding) {
+            Encoding.PETSCII -> PetsciiEncoding.decodePetscii(bytes, true)
+            Encoding.SCREENCODES -> PetsciiEncoding.decodeScreencode(bytes, true)
+            Encoding.ISO -> IsoEncoding.decode(bytes)
+            Encoding.ATASCII -> AtasciiEncoding.decode(bytes)
+            else -> throw InternalCompilerException("unsupported encoding $encoding")
+        }
+        return decoded.fold(
+            failure = { throw it },
+            success = { it }
+        )
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/atari/AtariMachineDefinition.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.atari
+
+import prog8.codegen.target.c64.normal6502instructions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+import java.nio.file.Path
+
+
+class AtariMachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
+
+    override val cpu = CpuType.CPU6502
+
+    override val FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE = 9.999999999e97
+    override val FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE = -9.999999999e97
+    override val FLOAT_MEM_SIZE = 6
+    override val PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x2000u
+
+    // the 2*256 byte evaluation stack (on which bytes, words, and even floats are stored during calculations)
+    override val ESTACK_LO = 0x1a00u     //  $1a00-$1aff inclusive      // TODO
+    override val ESTACK_HI = 0x1b00u     //  $1b00-$1bff inclusive      // TODO
+
+    override lateinit var zeropage: Zeropage
+
+    override fun getFloat(num: Number) = TODO("float from number")
+
+    override fun importLibs(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, compilationTargetName: String): List<String> {
+        return if (compilerOptions.launcher == CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC || compilerOptions.output == OutputType.PRG)
+            listOf("syslib")
+        else
+            emptyList()
+    }
+
+    override fun launchEmulator(selectedEmulator: Int, programNameWithPath: Path) {
+        val emulatorName: String
+        val cmdline: List<String>
+        when(selectedEmulator) {
+            1 -> {
+                emulatorName = "atari800"
+                cmdline = listOf(emulatorName, "-xl", "-xl-rev", "2", "-nobasic", "-run", "${programNameWithPath}.xex")
+            }
+            2 -> {
+                emulatorName = "altirra"
+                cmdline = listOf("Altirra64.exe", "${programNameWithPath.normalize()}.xex")
+            }
+            else -> {
+                System.err.println("Atari target only supports atari800 and altirra emulators.")
+                return
+            }
+        }
+
+        // TODO monlist?
+
+        println("\nStarting Atari800XL emulator $emulatorName...")
+        val processb = ProcessBuilder(cmdline).inheritIO()
+        val process: Process = processb.start()
+        process.waitFor()
+    }
+
+    override fun isIOAddress(address: UInt): Boolean = address==0u || address==1u || address in 0xd000u..0xdfffu        // TODO
+
+    override fun initializeZeropage(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
+        zeropage = AtariZeropage(compilerOptions)
+    }
+
+    override val opcodeNames = normal6502instructions
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/atari/AtariZeropage.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.atari
+
+import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Zeropage
+import prog8.compilerinterface.ZeropageType
+
+class AtariZeropage(options: CompilationOptions) : Zeropage(options) {
+
+    override val SCRATCH_B1 = 0xcbu      // temp storage for a single byte
+    override val SCRATCH_REG = 0xccu     // temp storage for a register, must be B1+1
+    override val SCRATCH_W1 = 0xcdu      // temp storage 1 for a word  $cd+$ce
+    override val SCRATCH_W2 = 0xcfu      // temp storage 2 for a word  $cf+$d0        TODO is $d0 okay to use?
+
+
+    init {
+        if (options.floats && options.zeropage !in arrayOf(
+                ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE,
+                ZeropageType.BASICSAFE,
+                ZeropageType.DONTUSE
+            ))
+            throw InternalCompilerException("when floats are enabled, zero page type should be 'floatsafe' or 'basicsafe' or 'dontuse'")
+
+        when (options.zeropage) {
+            ZeropageType.FULL -> {
+                // TODO all atari usable zero page locations, except the ones used by the system's IRQ routine
+                free.addAll(0x00u..0xffu)
+                // TODO atari  free.removeAll(setOf(0xa0u, 0xa1u, 0xa2u, 0x91u, 0xc0u, 0xc5u, 0xcbu, 0xf5u, 0xf6u))        // these are updated by IRQ
+            }
+            ZeropageType.KERNALSAFE -> {
+                free.addAll(0x80u..0xffu)       // TODO
+            }
+            ZeropageType.BASICSAFE,
+            ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE -> {
+                free.addAll(0x80u..0xffu)       // TODO
+                free.removeAll(0xd4u .. 0xefu)      // floating point storage
+            }
+            ZeropageType.DONTUSE -> {
+                free.clear()  // don't use zeropage at all
+            }
+        }
+
+        removeReservedFromFreePool()
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/c128/C128MachineDefinition.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.c128
+
+import prog8.codegen.target.c64.normal6502instructions
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.Mflpt5
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+import java.nio.file.Path
+
+
+class C128MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
+
+    override val cpu = CpuType.CPU6502
+
+    override val FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE
+    override val FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE
+    override val FLOAT_MEM_SIZE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MEM_SIZE
+    override val PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x1c01u
+
+    // the 2*256 byte evaluation stack (on which bytes, words, and even floats are stored during calculations)
+    override val ESTACK_LO = 0x1a00u     //  $1a00-$1aff inclusive
+    override val ESTACK_HI = 0x1b00u     //  $1b00-$1bff inclusive
+
+    override lateinit var zeropage: Zeropage
+
+    override fun getFloat(num: Number) = Mflpt5.fromNumber(num)
+
+    override fun importLibs(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, compilationTargetName: String): List<String> {
+        return if (compilerOptions.launcher == CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC || compilerOptions.output == OutputType.PRG)
+            listOf("syslib")
+        else
+            emptyList()
+    }
+
+    override fun launchEmulator(selectedEmulator: Int, programNameWithPath: Path) {
+        if(selectedEmulator!=1) {
+            System.err.println("The c128 target only supports the main emulator (Vice).")
+            return
+        }
+
+        println("\nStarting C-128 emulator x128...")
+        val viceMonlist = viceMonListName(programNameWithPath.toString())
+        val cmdline = listOf("x128", "-silent", "-moncommands", viceMonlist,
+                "-autostartprgmode", "1", "-autostart-warp", "-autostart", "${programNameWithPath}.prg")
+        val processb = ProcessBuilder(cmdline).inheritIO()
+        val process: Process = processb.start()
+        process.waitFor()
+    }
+
+    override fun isIOAddress(address: UInt): Boolean = address==0u || address==1u || address in 0xd000u..0xdfffu
+
+    override fun initializeZeropage(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
+        zeropage = C128Zeropage(compilerOptions)
+    }
+
+    override val opcodeNames = normal6502instructions
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/c128/C128Zeropage.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.c128
+
+import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Zeropage
+import prog8.compilerinterface.ZeropageType
+
+class C128Zeropage(options: CompilationOptions) : Zeropage(options) {
+
+    override val SCRATCH_B1 = 0x9bu      // temp storage for a single byte
+    override val SCRATCH_REG = 0x9cu     // temp storage for a register, must be B1+1
+    override val SCRATCH_W1 = 0xfbu      // temp storage 1 for a word  $fb+$fc
+    override val SCRATCH_W2 = 0xfdu      // temp storage 2 for a word  $fd+$fe
+
+
+    init {
+        if (options.floats && options.zeropage !in arrayOf(
+                ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE,
+                ZeropageType.BASICSAFE,
+                ZeropageType.DONTUSE
+            ))
+            throw InternalCompilerException("when floats are enabled, zero page type should be 'floatsafe' or 'basicsafe' or 'dontuse'")
+
+        when (options.zeropage) {
+            ZeropageType.FULL -> {
+                // TODO all c128 usable zero page locations, except the ones used by the system's IRQ routine
+                free.addAll(0x0au..0xffu)       // TODO c128 what about $02-$09?
+                // TODO c128  free.removeAll(setOf(0xa0u, 0xa1u, 0xa2u, 0x91u, 0xc0u, 0xc5u, 0xcbu, 0xf5u, 0xf6u))        // these are updated by IRQ
+            }
+            ZeropageType.KERNALSAFE,
+            ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE,
+            ZeropageType.BASICSAFE -> {
+                free.clear()   // TODO c128 usable zero page addresses
+            }
+            ZeropageType.DONTUSE -> {
+                free.clear()  // don't use zeropage at all
+            }
+        }
+
+        removeReservedFromFreePool()
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/c64/C64MachineDefinition.kt

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64
+package prog8.codegen.target.c64
 
-import prog8.ast.base.DataType
-import prog8.compiler.target.cbm.Mflpt5
-import prog8.compiler.target.cbm.viceMonListPostfix
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.Mflpt5
 import prog8.compilerinterface.*
 import java.io.IOException
 import java.nio.file.Path
@@ -15,9 +13,7 @@ class C64MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
     override val FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE
     override val FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE
     override val FLOAT_MEM_SIZE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MEM_SIZE
-    override val POINTER_MEM_SIZE = 2
-    override val BASIC_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x0801u
-    override val RAW_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0xc000u
+    override val PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x0801u
 
     // the 2*256 byte evaluation stack (on which bytes, words, and even floats are stored during calculations)
     override val ESTACK_LO = 0xce00u     //  $ce00-$ceff inclusive
@@ -28,7 +24,7 @@ class C64MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
     override fun getFloat(num: Number) = Mflpt5.fromNumber(num)
 
     override fun importLibs(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, compilationTargetName: String): List<String> {
-        return if (compilerOptions.launcher == LauncherType.BASIC || compilerOptions.output == OutputType.PRG)
+        return if (compilerOptions.launcher == CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC || compilerOptions.output == OutputType.PRG)
             listOf("syslib")
         else
             emptyList()
@@ -42,7 +38,8 @@ class C64MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
 
         for(emulator in listOf("x64sc", "x64")) {
             println("\nStarting C-64 emulator $emulator...")
-            val cmdline = listOf(emulator, "-silent", "-moncommands", "${programNameWithPath}.$viceMonListPostfix",
+            val viceMonlist = viceMonListName(programNameWithPath.toString())
+            val cmdline = listOf(emulator, "-silent", "-moncommands", viceMonlist,
                     "-autostartprgmode", "1", "-autostart-warp", "-autostart", "${programNameWithPath}.prg")
             val processb = ProcessBuilder(cmdline).inheritIO()
             val process: Process
@@ -57,22 +54,23 @@ class C64MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
     }
 
     override fun isIOAddress(address: UInt): Boolean = address==0u || address==1u || address in 0xd000u..0xdfffu
-    override fun getPreallocatedZeropageVars(): Map<String, Pair<UInt, DataType>> = emptyMap()
 
     override fun initializeZeropage(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
         zeropage = C64Zeropage(compilerOptions)
     }
 
-    // 6502 opcodes (including aliases and illegal opcodes), these cannot be used as variable or label names
-    override val opcodeNames = setOf("adc", "ahx", "alr", "anc", "and", "ane", "arr", "asl", "asr", "axs", "bcc", "bcs",
-            "beq", "bge", "bit", "blt", "bmi", "bne", "bpl", "brk", "bvc", "bvs", "clc",
-            "cld", "cli", "clv", "cmp", "cpx", "cpy", "dcm", "dcp", "dec", "dex", "dey",
-            "eor", "gcc", "gcs", "geq", "gge", "glt", "gmi", "gne", "gpl", "gvc", "gvs",
-            "inc", "ins", "inx", "iny", "isb", "isc", "jam", "jmp", "jsr", "lae", "las",
-            "lax", "lda", "lds", "ldx", "ldy", "lsr", "lxa", "nop", "ora", "pha", "php",
-            "pla", "plp", "rla", "rol", "ror", "rra", "rti", "rts", "sax", "sbc", "sbx",
-            "sec", "sed", "sei", "sha", "shl", "shr", "shs", "shx", "shy", "slo", "sre",
-            "sta", "stx", "sty", "tas", "tax", "tay", "tsx", "txa", "txs", "tya", "xaa")
-
-
+    override val opcodeNames = normal6502instructions
 }
+
+
+// 6502 opcodes (including aliases and illegal opcodes), these cannot be used as variable or label names
+internal val normal6502instructions = setOf(
+    "adc", "ahx", "alr", "anc", "and", "ane", "arr", "asl", "asr", "axs", "bcc", "bcs",
+    "beq", "bge", "bit", "blt", "bmi", "bne", "bpl", "brk", "bvc", "bvs", "clc",
+    "cld", "cli", "clv", "cmp", "cpx", "cpy", "dcm", "dcp", "dec", "dex", "dey",
+    "eor", "gcc", "gcs", "geq", "gge", "glt", "gmi", "gne", "gpl", "gvc", "gvs",
+    "inc", "ins", "inx", "iny", "isb", "isc", "jam", "jmp", "jsr", "lae", "las",
+    "lax", "lda", "lds", "ldx", "ldy", "lsr", "lxa", "nop", "ora", "pha", "php",
+    "pla", "plp", "rla", "rol", "ror", "rra", "rti", "rts", "sax", "sbc", "sbx",
+    "sec", "sed", "sei", "sha", "shl", "shr", "shs", "shx", "shy", "slo", "sre",
+    "sta", "stx", "sty", "tas", "tax", "tay", "tsx", "txa", "txs", "tya", "xaa")

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/c64/C64Zeropage.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64
+package prog8.codegen.target.c64
 
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
 import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class C64Zeropage(options: CompilationOptions) : Zeropage(options) {
     override val SCRATCH_B1 = 0x02u      // temp storage for a single byte
     override val SCRATCH_REG = 0x03u     // temp storage for a register, must be B1+1
     override val SCRATCH_W1 = 0xfbu      // temp storage 1 for a word  $fb+$fc
-    override val SCRATCH_W2 = 0xfdu      // temp storage 2 for a word  $fb+$fc
+    override val SCRATCH_W2 = 0xfdu      // temp storage 2 for a word  $fd+$fe
 
 
     init {
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ class C64Zeropage(options: CompilationOptions) : Zeropage(options) {
             throw InternalCompilerException("when floats are enabled, zero page type should be 'floatsafe' or 'basicsafe' or 'dontuse'")
 
         if (options.zeropage == ZeropageType.FULL) {
-            free.addAll(0x04u..0xf9u)
-            free.add(0xffu)
+            free.addAll(0x02u..0xffu)
+            free.removeAll(setOf(SCRATCH_B1, SCRATCH_REG, SCRATCH_W1, SCRATCH_W1+1u, SCRATCH_W2, SCRATCH_W2+1u))
             free.removeAll(setOf(0xa0u, 0xa1u, 0xa2u, 0x91u, 0xc0u, 0xc5u, 0xcbu, 0xf5u, 0xf6u))        // these are updated by IRQ
         } else {
             if (options.zeropage == ZeropageType.KERNALSAFE || options.zeropage == ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE) {

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cbm/AsmsubHelpers.kt

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
+package prog8.codegen.target.cbm
 
 import prog8.ast.base.Cx16VirtualRegisters
 import prog8.ast.base.RegisterOrPair
-import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.ArrayIndexedExpression
+import prog8.ast.expressions.BuiltinFunctionCall
+import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
 import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
 import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
 
@@ -44,10 +46,10 @@ internal fun asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>,
                     it.registerOrPair in listOf(RegisterOrPair.Y, RegisterOrPair.AY, RegisterOrPair.XY)
                 }
             }
-            is FunctionCall -> {
-                if (expr.target.nameInSource == listOf("lsb") || expr.target.nameInSource == listOf("msb"))
+            is BuiltinFunctionCall -> {
+                if (expr.name == "lsb" || expr.name == "msb")
                     return isClobberRisk(expr.args[0])
-                if (expr.target.nameInSource == listOf("mkword"))
+                if (expr.name == "mkword")
                     return isClobberRisk(expr.args[0]) && isClobberRisk(expr.args[1])
                 return !expr.isSimple
             }

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cbm/AtasciiEncoding.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.cbm
+
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Ok
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Result
+import java.io.CharConversionException
+
+object AtasciiEncoding {
+
+    private val decodeTable: CharArray = charArrayOf(
+        // $00
+        '♥',
+        '├',
+        '\uf130',    //  🮇    0x02 -> RIGHT ONE QUARTER BLOCK (CUS)
+        '┘',
+        '┤',
+        '┐',
+        '╱',
+        '╲',
+        '◢',
+        '▗',
+        '◣',
+        '▝',
+        '▘',
+        '\uf132',    //  🮂    0x1d -> UPPER ONE QUARTER BLOCK (CUS)
+        '▂',
+        '▖',
+
+        // $10
+     	'♣',
+        '┌',
+        '─',
+        '┼',
+        '•',
+        '▄',
+        '▎',
+        '┬',
+        '┴',
+        '▌',
+        '└',
+        '\u001b',           // $1b = escape
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED CHAR.   $1c = cursor up
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED CHAR.   $1d = cursor down
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED CHAR.   $1e = cursor left
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED CHAR.   $1f = cursor right
+
+        // $20
+        ' ',
+        '!',
+        '"',
+        '#',
+        '$',
+        '%',
+        '&',
+        '\'',
+        '(',
+        ')',
+        '*',
+        '+',
+        ',',
+        '-',
+        '.',
+        '/',
+
+        // $30
+     	'0',
+        '1',
+        '2',
+        '3',
+        '4',
+        '5',
+        '6',
+        '7',
+        '8',
+        '9',
+        ':',
+        ';',
+        '<',
+        '=',
+        '>',
+        '?',
+
+        // $40
+     	'@',
+        'A',
+        'B',
+        'C',
+        'D',
+        'E',
+        'F',
+        'G',
+        'H',
+        'I',
+        'J',
+        'K',
+        'L',
+        'M',
+        'N',
+        'O',
+
+        // $50
+        'P',
+        'Q',
+        'R',
+        'S',
+        'T',
+        'U',
+        'V',
+        'W',
+        'X',
+        'Y',
+        'Z',
+        '[',
+        '\\',
+        ']',
+        '^',
+        '_',
+
+        // $60
+        '♦',
+        'a',
+        'b',
+        'c',
+        'd',
+        'e',
+        'f',
+        'g',
+        'h',
+        'i',
+        'j',
+        'k',
+        'l',
+        'm',
+        'n',
+        'o',
+
+        // $70
+        'p',
+        'q',
+        'r',
+        's',
+        't',
+        'u',
+        'v',
+        'w',
+        'x',
+        'y',
+        'z',
+        '♠',
+        '|',
+        '\u000c',    //       $7d -> FORM FEED (CLEAR SCREEN)
+        '\u0008',    //       $7e -> BACKSPACE
+        '\u0009',    //       $7f -> TAB
+
+        // $80-$ff are reversed video characters + various special characters.
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        // $90
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\n',               // $9b -> EOL/RETURN
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED   $9c = DELETE LINE
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED   $9d = INSERT LINE
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED   $9e = CLEAR TAB STOP
+        '\ufffe',           // UNDEFINED   $9f = SET TAB STOP
+        // $a0
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        // $b0
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        // $c0
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        // $d0
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        // $e0
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        // $f0
+        '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe', '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\ufffe',
+        '\u0007',           // $fd = bell/beep
+        '\u007f',           // $fe = DELETE
+        '\ufffe'            // UNDEFINED     $ff = INSERT
+    )
+
+    private val encodeTable = decodeTable.withIndex().associate{it.value to it.index}
+
+
+    fun encode(str: String): Result<List<UByte>, CharConversionException> {
+        return Ok(str.map { encodeTable.getValue(it).toUByte() })
+    }
+
+    fun decode(bytes: List<UByte>): Result<String, CharConversionException> {
+        return Ok(bytes.map { decodeTable[it.toInt()] }.joinToString(""))
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cbm/CbmMemorySizer.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.cbm
+
+import prog8.ast.base.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteral
+import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IMemSizer
+
+internal object CbmMemorySizer: IMemSizer {
+    override fun memorySize(dt: DataType): Int {
+        return when(dt) {
+            in ByteDatatypes -> 1
+            in WordDatatypes, in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> 2
+            DataType.FLOAT -> Mflpt5.FLOAT_MEM_SIZE
+            else -> Int.MIN_VALUE
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun memorySize(decl: VarDecl): Int {
+        return when(decl.type) {
+            VarDeclType.CONST -> 0
+            VarDeclType.VAR, VarDeclType.MEMORY -> {
+                when(val dt = decl.datatype) {
+                    in NumericDatatypes -> return memorySize(dt)
+                    in ArrayDatatypes -> decl.arraysize!!.constIndex()!! * memorySize(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(dt))
+                    DataType.STR -> (decl.value as StringLiteral).value.length + 1
+                    else -> 0
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cbm/IsoEncoding.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.cbm
+
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Err
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Ok
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.Result
+import java.io.CharConversionException
+import java.nio.charset.Charset
+
+object IsoEncoding {
+    val charset: Charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-15")
+
+    fun encode(str: String): Result<List<UByte>, CharConversionException> {
+        return try {
+            Ok(str.toByteArray(charset).map { it.toUByte() })
+        } catch (ce: CharConversionException) {
+            Err(ce)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun decode(bytes: List<UByte>): Result<String, CharConversionException> {
+        return try {
+            Ok(String(bytes.map { it.toByte() }.toByteArray(), charset))
+        } catch (ce: CharConversionException) {
+            Err(ce)
+        }
+    }
+}

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cbm/Mflpt5.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cbm
+package prog8.codegen.target.cbm
 
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IMachineFloat
 import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cbm/PetsciiEncoding.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cbm
+package prog8.codegen.target.cbm
 
 import com.github.michaelbull.result.Err
 import com.github.michaelbull.result.Ok
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ import com.github.michaelbull.result.Result
 import prog8.ast.antlr.escape
 import java.io.CharConversionException
 
-object Petscii {
+object PetsciiEncoding {
 
     // decoding:  from Petscii/Screencodes (0-255) to unicode
-    // character tables used from https://github.com/dj51d/cbmcodecs
+    // character tables used from https://github.com/irmen/cbmcodecs2
 
     private val decodingPetsciiLowercase = charArrayOf(
         '\u0000',    //       0x00 -> \u0000
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ object Petscii {
         '\uf105',    //       0x90 -> BLACK COLOR SWITCH (CUS)
         '\uf11e',    //      0x91 -> CURSOR UP (CUS)
         '\uf11b',    //      0x92 -> REVERSE VIDEO OFF (CUS)
-        '\u000c',    //       0x93 -> FORM FEED
+        '\u000c',    //       0x93 -> FORM FEED (CLEAR SCREEN)
         '\uf121',    //      0x94 -> INSERT (CUS)
         '\uf106',    //       0x95 -> BROWN COLOR SWITCH (CUS)
         '\uf107',    //       0x96 -> LIGHT RED COLOR SWITCH (CUS)
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ object Petscii {
         '\u258e',    //  ▎    0xB4 -> LEFT ONE QUARTER BLOCK
         '\u258d',    //  ▍    0xB5 -> LEFT THREE EIGTHS BLOCK
         '\uf131',    //      0xB6 -> RIGHT THREE EIGHTHS BLOCK (CUS)
-        '\uf132',    //      0xB7 -> UPPER ONE QUARTER BLOCK (CUS)
+        '\uf132',    //  🮂    0xB7 -> UPPER ONE QUARTER BLOCK (CUS)
         '\uf133',    //      0xB8 -> UPPER THREE EIGHTS BLOCK (CUS)
         '\u2583',    //  ▃    0xB9 -> LOWER THREE EIGHTHS BLOCK
         '\u2713',    //  ✓    0xBA -> CHECK MARK
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ object Petscii {
         '\u2595',    //  ▕    0xE7 -> RIGHT ONE EIGHTH BLOCK
         '\uf12f',    //      0xE8 -> LOWER HALF BLOCK MEDIUM SHADE (CUS)
         '\uf13a',    //      0xE9 -> MEDIUM SHADE SLASHED RIGHT (CUS)
-        '\uf130',    //      0xEA -> RIGHT ONE QUARTER BLOCK (CUS)
+        '\uf130',    //  🮇    0xEA -> RIGHT ONE QUARTER BLOCK (CUS)
         '\u251c',    //  ├    0xEB -> BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT
         '\u2597',    //  ▗    0xEC -> QUADRANT LOWER RIGHT
         '\u2514',    //  └    0xED -> BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND RIGHT
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ object Petscii {
         '\uf105',    //       0x90 -> BLACK COLOR SWITCH (CUS)
         '\uf11e',    //       0x91 -> CURSOR UP (CUS)
         '\uf11b',    //       0x92 -> REVERSE VIDEO OFF (CUS)
-        '\u000c',    //       0x93 -> FORM FEED
+        '\u000c',    //       0x93 -> FORM FEED (CLEAR SCREEN)
         '\uf121',    //       0x94 -> INSERT (CUS)
         '\uf106',    //       0x95 -> BROWN COLOR SWITCH (CUS)
         '\uf107',    //       0x96 -> LIGHT RED COLOR SWITCH (CUS)
@@ -1095,13 +1095,17 @@ object Petscii {
         }
     }
 
-    fun decodePetscii(petscii: Iterable<UByte>, lowercase: Boolean = false): String {
-        return petscii.map {
-            val code = it.toInt()
-            if(code<0 || code>= decodingPetsciiLowercase.size)
-                throw CharConversionException("petscii $code out of range 0..${decodingPetsciiLowercase.size-1}")
-            if(lowercase) decodingPetsciiLowercase[code] else decodingPetsciiUppercase[code]
-        }.joinToString("")
+    fun decodePetscii(petscii: Iterable<UByte>, lowercase: Boolean = false): Result<String, CharConversionException> {
+        return try {
+            Ok(petscii.map {
+                val code = it.toInt()
+                if(code<0 || code>= decodingPetsciiLowercase.size)
+                    throw CharConversionException("petscii $code out of range 0..${decodingPetsciiLowercase.size-1}")
+                if(lowercase) decodingPetsciiLowercase[code] else decodingPetsciiUppercase[code]
+            }.joinToString(""))
+        } catch(ce: CharConversionException) {
+            return Err(ce)
+        }
     }
 
     fun encodeScreencode(text: String, lowercase: Boolean = false): Result<List<UByte>, CharConversionException> {
@@ -1134,13 +1138,17 @@ object Petscii {
         }
     }
 
-    fun decodeScreencode(screencode: Iterable<UByte>, lowercase: Boolean = false): String {
-        return screencode.map {
-            val code = it.toInt()
-            if(code<0 || code>= decodingScreencodeLowercase.size)
-                throw CharConversionException("screencode $code out of range 0..${decodingScreencodeLowercase.size-1}")
-            if (lowercase) decodingScreencodeLowercase[code] else decodingScreencodeUppercase[code]
-        }.joinToString("")
+    fun decodeScreencode(screencode: Iterable<UByte>, lowercase: Boolean = false): Result<String, CharConversionException> {
+        return try {
+            Ok(screencode.map {
+                val code = it.toInt()
+                if(code<0 || code>= decodingScreencodeLowercase.size)
+                    throw CharConversionException("screencode $code out of range 0..${decodingScreencodeLowercase.size-1}")
+                if (lowercase) decodingScreencodeLowercase[code] else decodingScreencodeUppercase[code]
+            }.joinToString(""))
+        } catch(ce: CharConversionException) {
+            Err(ce)
+        }
     }
 
     fun petscii2scr(petscii_code: UByte, inverseVideo: Boolean): Result<UByte, CharConversionException> {

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cx16/CX16MachineDefinition.kt

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cx16
+package prog8.codegen.target.cx16
 
-import prog8.ast.base.DataType
-import prog8.compiler.target.cbm.Mflpt5
-import prog8.compiler.target.cbm.viceMonListPostfix
+import prog8.codegen.target.cbm.Mflpt5
 import prog8.compilerinterface.*
-import java.io.IOException
 import java.nio.file.Path
 
 
@@ -15,9 +12,7 @@ class CX16MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
     override val FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MAX_POSITIVE
     override val FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MAX_NEGATIVE
     override val FLOAT_MEM_SIZE = Mflpt5.FLOAT_MEM_SIZE
-    override val POINTER_MEM_SIZE = 2
-    override val BASIC_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x0801u
-    override val RAW_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x8000u
+    override val PROGRAM_LOAD_ADDRESS = 0x0801u
 
     // the 2*256 byte evaluation stack (on which bytes, words, and even floats are stored during calculations)
     override val ESTACK_LO = 0x0400u        //  $0400-$04ff inclusive
@@ -27,24 +22,24 @@ class CX16MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
 
     override fun getFloat(num: Number) = Mflpt5.fromNumber(num)
     override fun importLibs(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, compilationTargetName: String): List<String> {
-        return if (compilerOptions.launcher == LauncherType.BASIC || compilerOptions.output == OutputType.PRG)
+        return if (compilerOptions.launcher == CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC || compilerOptions.output == OutputType.PRG)
             listOf("syslib")
         else
             emptyList()
     }
 
     override fun launchEmulator(selectedEmulator: Int, programNameWithPath: Path) {
-        val emulatorName: String
+        val emulator: String
         val extraArgs: List<String>
 
         when(selectedEmulator) {
             1 -> {
-                emulatorName = "x16emu"
+                emulator = "x16emu"
                 extraArgs = emptyList()
             }
             2 -> {
-                emulatorName = "box16"
-                extraArgs = listOf("-sym", "${programNameWithPath}.$viceMonListPostfix")
+                emulator = "box16"
+                extraArgs = listOf("-sym", viceMonListName(programNameWithPath.toString()))
             }
             else -> {
                 System.err.println("Cx16 target only supports x16emu and box16 emulators.")
@@ -52,34 +47,14 @@ class CX16MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
             }
         }
 
-        for(emulator in listOf(emulatorName)) {
-            println("\nStarting Commander X16 emulator $emulator...")
-            val cmdline = listOf(emulator, "-scale", "2", "-run", "-prg", "${programNameWithPath}.prg") + extraArgs
-            val processb = ProcessBuilder(cmdline).inheritIO()
-            val process: Process
-            try {
-                process=processb.start()
-            } catch(x: IOException) {
-                continue  // try the next emulator executable
-            }
-            process.waitFor()
-            break
-        }
+        println("\nStarting Commander X16 emulator $emulator...")
+        val cmdline = listOf(emulator, "-scale", "2", "-run", "-prg", "${programNameWithPath}.prg") + extraArgs
+        val processb = ProcessBuilder(cmdline).inheritIO()
+        val process: Process = processb.start()
+        process.waitFor()
     }
 
     override fun isIOAddress(address: UInt): Boolean = address==0u || address==1u || address in 0x9f00u..0x9fffu
-    override fun getPreallocatedZeropageVars(): Map<String, Pair<UInt, DataType>> {
-        val vars = mutableMapOf<String, Pair<UInt, DataType>>()
-        for(reg in 0..15) {
-            vars["cx16.r${reg}"] = (2+reg*2).toUInt() to DataType.UWORD        // cx16.r0 .. cx16.r15
-            vars["cx16.r${reg}s"] = (2+reg*2).toUInt() to DataType.WORD        // cx16.r0s .. cx16.r15s
-            vars["cx16.r${reg}L"] = (2+reg*2).toUInt() to DataType.UBYTE       // cx16.r0L .. cx16.r15L
-            vars["cx16.r${reg}H"] = (3+reg*2).toUInt() to DataType.UBYTE       // cx16.r0H .. cx16.r15H
-            vars["cx16.r${reg}sL"] = (2+reg*2).toUInt() to DataType.BYTE       // cx16.r0sL .. cx16.r15sL
-            vars["cx16.r${reg}sH"] = (3+reg*2).toUInt() to DataType.BYTE       // cx16.r0sH .. cx16.r15sH
-        }
-        return vars
-    }
 
     override fun initializeZeropage(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
         zeropage = CX16Zeropage(compilerOptions)

codeGenTargets/src/prog8/codegen/target/cx16/CX16Zeropage.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package prog8.codegen.target.cx16
+
+import prog8.ast.GlobalNamespace
+import prog8.ast.base.DataType
+import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Zeropage
+import prog8.compilerinterface.ZeropageType
+
+class CX16Zeropage(options: CompilationOptions) : Zeropage(options) {
+
+    override val SCRATCH_B1 = 0x7au      // temp storage for a single byte
+    override val SCRATCH_REG = 0x7bu     // temp storage for a register, must be B1+1
+    override val SCRATCH_W1 = 0x7cu      // temp storage 1 for a word  $7c+$7d
+    override val SCRATCH_W2 = 0x7eu      // temp storage 2 for a word  $7e+$7f
+
+
+    init {
+        if (options.floats && options.zeropage !in arrayOf(ZeropageType.BASICSAFE, ZeropageType.DONTUSE))
+            throw InternalCompilerException("when floats are enabled, zero page type should be 'basicsafe' or 'dontuse'")
+
+        // the addresses 0x02 to 0x21 (inclusive) are taken for sixteen virtual 16-bit api registers.
+
+        synchronized(this) {
+            when (options.zeropage) {
+                ZeropageType.FULL -> {
+                    free.addAll(0x22u..0xffu)
+                }
+                ZeropageType.KERNALSAFE -> {
+                    free.addAll(0x22u..0x7fu)
+                    free.addAll(0xa9u..0xffu)
+                }
+                ZeropageType.BASICSAFE -> {
+                    free.addAll(0x22u..0x7fu)
+                }
+                ZeropageType.DONTUSE -> {
+                    free.clear() // don't use zeropage at all
+                }
+                else -> throw InternalCompilerException("for this machine target, zero page type 'floatsafe' is not available. ${options.zeropage}")
+            }
+
+            removeReservedFromFreePool()
+
+            // note: the 16 virtual registers R0-R15 are not regular allocated variables, they're *memory mapped* elsewhere to fixed addresses.
+            // however, to be able for the compiler to "see" them as zero page variables, we have to register them here as well.
+            val dummyscope = GlobalNamespace(emptyList())
+            for(reg in 0..15) {
+                allocatedVariables[listOf("cx16", "r${reg}")]   = ZpAllocation((2+reg*2).toUInt(), DataType.UWORD, 2, dummyscope, null, null)        // cx16.r0 .. cx16.r15
+                allocatedVariables[listOf("cx16", "r${reg}s")]  = ZpAllocation((2+reg*2).toUInt(), DataType.WORD, 2, dummyscope, null, null)        // cx16.r0s .. cx16.r15s
+                allocatedVariables[listOf("cx16", "r${reg}L")]  = ZpAllocation((2+reg*2).toUInt(), DataType.UBYTE, 1, dummyscope, null, null)       // cx16.r0L .. cx16.r15L
+                allocatedVariables[listOf("cx16", "r${reg}H")]  = ZpAllocation((3+reg*2).toUInt(), DataType.UBYTE, 1, dummyscope, null, null)       // cx16.r0H .. cx16.r15H
+                allocatedVariables[listOf("cx16", "r${reg}sL")] = ZpAllocation((2+reg*2).toUInt(), DataType.BYTE, 1, dummyscope, null, null)       // cx16.r0sL .. cx16.r15sL
+                allocatedVariables[listOf("cx16", "r${reg}sH")] = ZpAllocation((3+reg*2).toUInt(), DataType.BYTE, 1, dummyscope, null, null)       // cx16.r0sH .. cx16.r15sH
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

codeGeneration/src/prog8/compiler/target/AssemblyError.kt

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target
-
-class AssemblyError(msg: String) : RuntimeException(msg)

codeGeneration/src/prog8/compiler/target/C64Target.kt

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target
-
-import com.github.michaelbull.result.fold
-import prog8.ast.base.*
-import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
-import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
-import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.C64MachineDefinition
-import prog8.compiler.target.cbm.Petscii
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk
-import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
-
-
-object C64Target: ICompilationTarget {
-    override val name = "c64"
-    override val machine = C64MachineDefinition()
-    override fun encodeString(str: String, altEncoding: Boolean): List<UByte> {
-        val coded = if (altEncoding) Petscii.encodeScreencode(str, true) else Petscii.encodePetscii(str, true)
-        return coded.fold(
-            failure = { throw it },
-            success = { it }
-        )
-    }
-    override fun decodeString(bytes: List<UByte>, altEncoding: Boolean) =
-        if (altEncoding) Petscii.decodeScreencode(bytes, true) else Petscii.decodePetscii(bytes, true)
-
-    override fun asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub: Subroutine): List<Int> =
-        asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder(sub)
-    override fun asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>, paramRegisters: List<RegisterOrStatusflag>) =
-        asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args, paramRegisters)
-
-    override fun memorySize(dt: DataType): Int {
-        return when(dt) {
-            in ByteDatatypes -> 1
-            in WordDatatypes -> 2
-            DataType.FLOAT -> machine.FLOAT_MEM_SIZE
-            in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> machine.POINTER_MEM_SIZE
-            else -> Int.MIN_VALUE
-        }
-    }
-}

codeGeneration/src/prog8/compiler/target/Cx16Target.kt

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target
-
-import com.github.michaelbull.result.fold
-import prog8.ast.base.ByteDatatypes
-import prog8.ast.base.DataType
-import prog8.ast.base.PassByReferenceDatatypes
-import prog8.ast.base.WordDatatypes
-import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
-import prog8.ast.statements.RegisterOrStatusflag
-import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
-import prog8.compiler.target.cbm.Petscii
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk
-import prog8.compiler.target.cx16.CX16MachineDefinition
-import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
-
-
-object Cx16Target: ICompilationTarget {
-    override val name = "cx16"
-    override val machine = CX16MachineDefinition()
-    override fun encodeString(str: String, altEncoding: Boolean): List<UByte> {
-        val coded = if (altEncoding) Petscii.encodeScreencode(str, true) else Petscii.encodePetscii(str, true)
-        return coded.fold(
-            failure = { throw it },
-            success = { it }
-        )
-    }
-    override fun decodeString(bytes: List<UByte>, altEncoding: Boolean) =
-        if (altEncoding) Petscii.decodeScreencode(bytes, true) else Petscii.decodePetscii(bytes, true)
-
-    override fun asmsubArgsEvalOrder(sub: Subroutine): List<Int> =
-        asmsub6502ArgsEvalOrder(sub)
-    override fun asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args: List<Expression>, paramRegisters: List<RegisterOrStatusflag>) =
-        asmsub6502ArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(args, paramRegisters)
-
-    override fun memorySize(dt: DataType): Int {
-        return when(dt) {
-            in ByteDatatypes -> 1
-            in WordDatatypes -> 2
-            DataType.FLOAT -> machine.FLOAT_MEM_SIZE
-            in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> machine.POINTER_MEM_SIZE
-            else -> Int.MIN_VALUE
-        }
-    }
-}
-

codeGeneration/src/prog8/compiler/target/cbm/AssemblyProgram.kt

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cbm
-
-import com.github.michaelbull.result.Ok
-import com.github.michaelbull.result.Result
-import com.github.michaelbull.result.mapError
-import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
-import prog8.compilerinterface.IAssemblyProgram
-import prog8.compilerinterface.OutputType
-import prog8.compilerinterface.generatedLabelPrefix
-import prog8.parser.SourceCode
-import java.io.File
-import java.nio.file.Path
-import kotlin.io.path.Path
-import kotlin.io.path.isRegularFile
-
-
-internal const val viceMonListPostfix = "vice-mon-list"
-
-class AssemblyProgram(
-        override val valid: Boolean,
-        override val name: String,
-        outputDir: Path,
-        private val compTarget: String) : IAssemblyProgram {
-
-    private val assemblyFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.asm")
-    private val prgFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.prg")
-    private val binFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.bin")
-    private val viceMonListFile = outputDir.resolve("$name.$viceMonListPostfix")
-
-    override fun assemble(quiet: Boolean, options: CompilationOptions): Int {
-        // add "-Wlong-branch"  to see warnings about conversion of branch instructions to jumps (default = do this silently)
-        val command = mutableListOf("64tass", "--ascii", "--case-sensitive", "--long-branch",
-                "-Wall", "-Wno-strict-bool", "-Wno-shadow", // "-Werror",
-                "--dump-labels", "--vice-labels", "-l", viceMonListFile.toString(), "--no-monitor")
-
-        if(quiet)
-            command.add("--quiet")
-
-        val outFile = when (options.output) {
-            OutputType.PRG -> {
-                command.add("--cbm-prg")
-                println("\nCreating prg for target $compTarget.")
-                prgFile
-            }
-            OutputType.RAW -> {
-                command.add("--nostart")
-                println("\nCreating raw binary for target $compTarget.")
-                binFile
-            }
-        }
-        command.addAll(listOf("--output", outFile.toString(), assemblyFile.toString()))
-
-        val proc = ProcessBuilder(command).inheritIO().start()
-        val result = proc.waitFor()
-        if (result == 0) {
-            removeGeneratedLabelsFromMonlist()
-            generateBreakpointList()
-        }
-        return result
-    }
-
-    private fun removeGeneratedLabelsFromMonlist() {
-        val pattern = Regex("""al (\w+) \S+${generatedLabelPrefix}.+?""")
-        val lines = viceMonListFile.toFile().readLines()
-        viceMonListFile.toFile().outputStream().bufferedWriter().use {
-            for (line in lines) {
-                if(pattern.matchEntire(line)==null)
-                    it.write(line+"\n")
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun generateBreakpointList() {
-        // builds list of breakpoints, appends to monitor list file
-        val breakpoints = mutableListOf<String>()
-        val pattern = Regex("""al (\w+) \S+_prog8_breakpoint_\d+.?""")      // gather breakpoints by the source label that's generated for them
-        for (line in viceMonListFile.toFile().readLines()) {
-            val match = pattern.matchEntire(line)
-            if (match != null)
-                breakpoints.add("break \$" + match.groupValues[1])
-        }
-        val num = breakpoints.size
-        breakpoints.add(0, "; vice monitor breakpoint list now follows")
-        breakpoints.add(1, "; $num breakpoints have been defined")
-        breakpoints.add(2, "del")
-        viceMonListFile.toFile().appendText(breakpoints.joinToString("\n") + "\n")
-    }
-}
-
-
-internal fun loadAsmIncludeFile(filename: String, source: SourceCode): Result<String, NoSuchFileException> {
-    return if (filename.startsWith(SourceCode.libraryFilePrefix)) {
-        return com.github.michaelbull.result.runCatching {
-            SourceCode.Resource("/prog8lib/${filename.substring(SourceCode.libraryFilePrefix.length)}").readText()
-        }.mapError { NoSuchFileException(File(filename)) }
-    } else {
-        val sib = Path(source.origin).resolveSibling(filename)
-        if (sib.isRegularFile())
-            Ok(SourceCode.File(sib).readText())
-        else
-            Ok(SourceCode.File(Path(filename)).readText())
-    }
-}

codeGeneration/src/prog8/compiler/target/cx16/CX16Zeropage.kt

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.cx16
-
-import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
-import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
-import prog8.compilerinterface.Zeropage
-import prog8.compilerinterface.ZeropageType
-
-class CX16Zeropage(options: CompilationOptions) : Zeropage(options) {
-
-    override val SCRATCH_B1 = 0x7au      // temp storage for a single byte
-    override val SCRATCH_REG = 0x7bu     // temp storage for a register, must be B1+1
-    override val SCRATCH_W1 = 0x7cu      // temp storage 1 for a word  $7c+$7d
-    override val SCRATCH_W2 = 0x7eu      // temp storage 2 for a word  $7e+$7f
-
-
-    init {
-        if (options.floats && options.zeropage !in arrayOf(ZeropageType.BASICSAFE, ZeropageType.DONTUSE))
-            throw InternalCompilerException("when floats are enabled, zero page type should be 'basicsafe' or 'dontuse'")
-
-        // the addresses 0x02 to 0x21 (inclusive) are taken for sixteen virtual 16-bit api registers.
-
-        when (options.zeropage) {
-            ZeropageType.FULL -> {
-                free.addAll(0x22u..0xffu)
-            }
-            ZeropageType.KERNALSAFE -> {
-                free.addAll(0x22u..0x7fu)
-                free.addAll(0xa9u..0xffu)
-            }
-            ZeropageType.BASICSAFE -> {
-                free.addAll(0x22u..0x7fu)
-            }
-            ZeropageType.DONTUSE -> {
-                free.clear() // don't use zeropage at all
-            }
-            else -> throw InternalCompilerException("for this machine target, zero page type 'floatsafe' is not available. ${options.zeropage}")
-        }
-
-        removeReservedFromFreePool()
-    }
-}

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/BinExprSplitter.kt

@@ -4,13 +4,14 @@ import prog8.ast.IStatementContainer
 import prog8.ast.Node
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.DataType
-import prog8.ast.base.FatalAstException
+import prog8.ast.expressions.AugmentAssignmentOperators
 import prog8.ast.expressions.BinaryExpression
 import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
 import prog8.ast.expressions.TypecastExpression
-import prog8.ast.expressions.augmentAssignmentOperators
+import prog8.ast.getTempVar
 import prog8.ast.statements.AssignTarget
 import prog8.ast.statements.Assignment
+import prog8.ast.statements.AssignmentOrigin
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ class BinExprSplitter(private val program: Program, private val options: Compila
 
     override fun after(assignment: Assignment, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
 
-        if(assignment.value.inferType(program).istype(DataType.FLOAT) && !options.optimizeFloatExpressions)
+        if(assignment.value.inferType(program) istype DataType.FLOAT && !options.optimizeFloatExpressions)
             return noModifications
 
         val binExpr = assignment.value as? BinaryExpression
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ X =      BinExpr                                    X   =   LeftExpr
 
 
  */
-            if(binExpr.operator in augmentAssignmentOperators && isSimpleTarget(assignment.target)) {
+            if(binExpr.operator in AugmentAssignmentOperators && isSimpleTarget(assignment.target)) {
                 if(assignment.target isSameAs binExpr.right)
                     return noModifications
                 if(assignment.target isSameAs binExpr.left) {
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ X =      BinExpr                                    X   =   LeftExpr
                 }
 
                 if(binExpr.right.isSimple) {
-                    val firstAssign = Assignment(assignment.target.copy(), binExpr.left, binExpr.left.position)
+                    val firstAssign = Assignment(assignment.target.copy(), binExpr.left, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, binExpr.left.position)
                     val targetExpr = assignment.target.toExpression()
                     val augExpr = BinaryExpression(targetExpr, binExpr.operator, binExpr.right, binExpr.right.position)
                     return listOf(
@@ -97,21 +98,14 @@ X =      BinExpr                                    X   =   LeftExpr
                 // we can see if we can unwrap the binary expression by working on a new temporary variable
                 // (that has the type of the expression), and then finally doing the typecast.
                 // Once it's outside the typecast, the regular splitting can commence.
-                val tempVar = when(val tempDt = origExpr.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)) {
-                    DataType.UBYTE -> listOf("prog8_lib", "retval_interm_ub")
-                    DataType.BYTE -> listOf("prog8_lib", "retval_interm_b")
-                    DataType.UWORD -> listOf("prog8_lib", "retval_interm_uw")
-                    DataType.WORD -> listOf("prog8_lib", "retval_interm_w")
-                    DataType.FLOAT -> listOf("floats", "tempvar_swap_float")
-                    else -> throw FatalAstException("invalid dt $tempDt")
-                }
+                val (tempVarName, _) = program.getTempVar(origExpr.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED))
                 val assignTempVar = Assignment(
-                    AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(tempVar, typecast.position), null, null, typecast.position),
-                    typecast.expression, typecast.position
+                    AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(tempVarName, typecast.position), null, null, typecast.position),
+                    typecast.expression, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, typecast.position
                 )
                 return listOf(
                     IAstModification.InsertBefore(assignment, assignTempVar, parent as IStatementContainer),
-                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(typecast.expression, IdentifierReference(tempVar, typecast.position), typecast)
+                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(typecast.expression, IdentifierReference(tempVarName, typecast.position), typecast)
                 )
             }
         }

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/ConstExprEvaluator.kt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ package prog8.optimizer
 
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
-import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 import kotlin.math.pow
 
 
 class ConstExprEvaluator {
 
-    fun evaluate(left: NumericLiteralValue, operator: String, right: NumericLiteralValue): Expression {
+    fun evaluate(left: NumericLiteral, operator: String, right: NumericLiteral): Expression {
         try {
             return when(operator) {
                 "+" -> plus(left, right)
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ class ConstExprEvaluator {
                 "and" -> logicaland(left, right)
                 "or" -> logicalor(left, right)
                 "xor" -> logicalxor(left, right)
-                "<" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left < right, left.position)
-                ">" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left > right, left.position)
-                "<=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left <= right, left.position)
-                ">=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left >= right, left.position)
-                "==" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left == right, left.position)
-                "!=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left != right, left.position)
+                "<" -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left < right, left.position)
+                ">" -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left > right, left.position)
+                "<=" -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left <= right, left.position)
+                ">=" -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left >= right, left.position)
+                "==" -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left == right, left.position)
+                "!=" -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left != right, left.position)
                 "<<" -> shiftedleft(left, right)
                 ">>" -> shiftedright(left, right)
                 else -> throw FatalAstException("const evaluation for invalid operator $operator")
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class ConstExprEvaluator {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun shiftedright(left: NumericLiteralValue, amount: NumericLiteralValue): Expression {
+    private fun shiftedright(left: NumericLiteral, amount: NumericLiteral): Expression {
         if(left.type !in IntegerDatatypes || amount.type !in IntegerDatatypes)
             throw ExpressionError("cannot compute $left >> $amount", left.position)
         val result =
@@ -46,168 +46,168 @@ class ConstExprEvaluator {
                     left.number.toInt().ushr(amount.number.toInt())
                 else
                     left.number.toInt().shr(amount.number.toInt())
-        return NumericLiteralValue(left.type, result.toDouble(), left.position)
+        return NumericLiteral(left.type, result.toDouble(), left.position)
     }
 
-    private fun shiftedleft(left: NumericLiteralValue, amount: NumericLiteralValue): Expression {
+    private fun shiftedleft(left: NumericLiteral, amount: NumericLiteral): Expression {
         if(left.type !in IntegerDatatypes || amount.type !in IntegerDatatypes)
             throw ExpressionError("cannot compute $left << $amount", left.position)
         val result = left.number.toInt().shl(amount.number.toInt())
-        return NumericLiteralValue(left.type, result.toDouble(), left.position)
+        return NumericLiteral(left.type, result.toDouble(), left.position)
     }
 
-    private fun logicalxor(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun logicalxor(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot compute $left locical-bitxor $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean((left.number.toInt() != 0) xor (right.number.toInt() != 0), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean((left.number.toInt() != 0) xor (right.number != 0.0), left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean((left.number.toInt() != 0) xor (right.number.toInt() != 0), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean((left.number.toInt() != 0) xor (right.number != 0.0), left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean((left.number != 0.0) xor (right.number.toInt() != 0), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean((left.number != 0.0) xor (right.number != 0.0), left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean((left.number != 0.0) xor (right.number.toInt() != 0), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean((left.number != 0.0) xor (right.number != 0.0), left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun logicalor(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun logicalor(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot compute $left locical-or $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 || right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 || right.number != 0.0, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 || right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 || right.number != 0.0, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 || right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 || right.number != 0.0, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 || right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 || right.number != 0.0, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun logicaland(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun logicaland(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot compute $left locical-and $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 && right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 && right.number != 0.0, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 && right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number.toInt() != 0 && right.number != 0.0, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 && right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 && right.number != 0.0, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 && right.number.toInt() != 0, left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(left.number != 0.0 && right.number != 0.0, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun bitwisexor(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun bitwisexor(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         if(left.type== DataType.UBYTE) {
             if(right.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, (left.number.toInt() xor (right.number.toInt() and 255)).toDouble(), left.position)
+                return NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, (left.number.toInt() xor (right.number.toInt() and 255)).toDouble(), left.position)
             }
         } else if(left.type== DataType.UWORD) {
             if(right.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UWORD, (left.number.toInt() xor right.number.toInt()).toDouble(), left.position)
+                return NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, (left.number.toInt() xor right.number.toInt()).toDouble(), left.position)
             }
         }
         throw ExpressionError("cannot calculate $left ^ $right", left.position)
     }
 
-    private fun bitwiseor(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun bitwiseor(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         if(left.type== DataType.UBYTE) {
             if(right.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, (left.number.toInt() or (right.number.toInt() and 255)).toDouble(), left.position)
+                return NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, (left.number.toInt() or (right.number.toInt() and 255)).toDouble(), left.position)
             }
         } else if(left.type== DataType.UWORD) {
             if(right.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UWORD, (left.number.toInt() or right.number.toInt()).toDouble(), left.position)
+                return NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, (left.number.toInt() or right.number.toInt()).toDouble(), left.position)
             }
         }
         throw ExpressionError("cannot calculate $left | $right", left.position)
     }
 
-    private fun bitwiseand(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun bitwiseand(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         if(left.type== DataType.UBYTE) {
             if(right.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, (left.number.toInt() and (right.number.toInt() and 255)).toDouble(), left.position)
+                return NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, (left.number.toInt() and (right.number.toInt() and 255)).toDouble(), left.position)
             }
         } else if(left.type== DataType.UWORD) {
             if(right.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UWORD, (left.number.toInt() and right.number.toInt()).toDouble(), left.position)
+                return NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, (left.number.toInt() and right.number.toInt()).toDouble(), left.position)
             }
         }
         throw ExpressionError("cannot calculate $left & $right", left.position)
     }
 
-    private fun power(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun power(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot calculate $left ** $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.optimalNumeric(left.number.toInt().toDouble().pow(right.number.toInt()), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt().toDouble().pow(right.number), left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.optimalNumeric(left.number.toInt().toDouble().pow(right.number.toInt()), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt().toDouble().pow(right.number), left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.pow(right.number.toInt()), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.pow(right.number), left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.pow(right.number.toInt()), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.pow(right.number), left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun plus(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun plus(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot add $left and $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(left.number.toInt() + right.number.toInt(), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() + right.number, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(left.number.toInt() + right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() + right.number, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number + right.number.toInt(), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number + right.number, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number + right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number + right.number, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun minus(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun minus(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot subtract $left and $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(left.number.toInt() - right.number.toInt(), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() - right.number, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(left.number.toInt() - right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() - right.number, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number - right.number.toInt(), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number - right.number, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number - right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number - right.number, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun multiply(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun multiply(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot multiply ${left.type} and ${right.type}"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(left.number.toInt() * right.number.toInt(), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() * right.number, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(left.number.toInt() * right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() * right.number, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
-                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number * right.number.toInt(), left.position)
-                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number * right.number, left.position)
+                in IntegerDatatypes -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number * right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                DataType.FLOAT -> NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number * right.number, left.position)
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
@@ -217,29 +217,29 @@ class ConstExprEvaluator {
     private fun divideByZeroError(pos: Position): Unit =
             throw ExpressionError("division by zero", pos)
 
-    private fun divide(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun divide(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot divide $left by $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
                 in IntegerDatatypes -> {
                     if(right.number.toInt()==0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
                     val result: Int = left.number.toInt() / right.number.toInt()
-                    NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(result, left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(result, left.position)
                 }
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
                     if(right.number==0.0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() / right.number, left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() / right.number, left.position)
                 }
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
                 in IntegerDatatypes -> {
                     if(right.number.toInt()==0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number / right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number / right.number.toInt(), left.position)
                 }
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
                     if(right.number ==0.0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number / right.number, left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number / right.number, left.position)
                 }
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
@@ -247,28 +247,28 @@ class ConstExprEvaluator {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun remainder(left: NumericLiteralValue, right: NumericLiteralValue): NumericLiteralValue {
+    private fun remainder(left: NumericLiteral, right: NumericLiteral): NumericLiteral {
         val error = "cannot compute remainder of $left by $right"
         return when (left.type) {
             in IntegerDatatypes -> when (right.type) {
                 in IntegerDatatypes -> {
                     if(right.number.toInt()==0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue.optimalNumeric(left.number.toInt().toDouble() % right.number.toInt().toDouble(), left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral.optimalNumeric(left.number.toInt().toDouble() % right.number.toInt().toDouble(), left.position)
                 }
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
                     if(right.number ==0.0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() % right.number, left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number.toInt() % right.number, left.position)
                 }
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> when (right.type) {
                 in IntegerDatatypes -> {
                     if(right.number.toInt()==0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number % right.number.toInt(), left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number % right.number.toInt(), left.position)
                 }
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
                     if(right.number ==0.0) divideByZeroError(right.position)
-                    NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, left.number % right.number, left.position)
+                    NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, left.number % right.number, left.position)
                 }
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(error, left.position)
             }

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/ConstantFoldingOptimizer.kt

@@ -23,24 +23,31 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
             noModifications
     }
 
+    override fun after(containment: ContainmentCheck, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val result = containment.constValue(program)
+        if(result!=null)
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(containment, result, parent))
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
     override fun after(expr: PrefixExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // Try to turn a unary prefix expression into a single constant value.
         // Compile-time constant sub expressions will be evaluated on the spot.
         // For instance, the expression for "- 4.5" will be optimized into the float literal -4.5
         val subexpr = expr.expression
-        if (subexpr is NumericLiteralValue) {
+        if (subexpr is NumericLiteral) {
             // accept prefixed literal values (such as -3, not true)
             return when (expr.operator) {
                 "+" -> listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, subexpr, parent))
                 "-" -> when (subexpr.type) {
                     in IntegerDatatypes -> {
                         listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                                NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(-subexpr.number.toInt(), subexpr.position),
+                                NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(-subexpr.number.toInt(), subexpr.position),
                                 parent))
                     }
                     DataType.FLOAT -> {
                         listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, -subexpr.number, subexpr.position),
+                                NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, -subexpr.number, subexpr.position),
                                 parent))
                     }
                     else -> throw ExpressionError("can only take negative of int or float", subexpr.position)
@@ -48,29 +55,29 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 "~" -> when (subexpr.type) {
                     DataType.BYTE -> {
                         listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.BYTE, subexpr.number.toInt().inv().toDouble(), subexpr.position),
+                                NumericLiteral(DataType.BYTE, subexpr.number.toInt().inv().toDouble(), subexpr.position),
                                 parent))
                     }
                     DataType.UBYTE -> {
                         listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, (subexpr.number.toInt().inv() and 255).toDouble(), subexpr.position),
+                                NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, (subexpr.number.toInt().inv() and 255).toDouble(), subexpr.position),
                                 parent))
                     }
                     DataType.WORD -> {
                         listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.WORD, subexpr.number.toInt().inv().toDouble(), subexpr.position),
+                                NumericLiteral(DataType.WORD, subexpr.number.toInt().inv().toDouble(), subexpr.position),
                                 parent))
                     }
                     DataType.UWORD -> {
                         listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UWORD, (subexpr.number.toInt().inv() and 65535).toDouble(), subexpr.position),
+                                NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, (subexpr.number.toInt().inv() and 65535).toDouble(), subexpr.position),
                                 parent))
                     }
                     else -> throw ExpressionError("can only take bitwise inversion of int", subexpr.position)
                 }
                 "not" -> {
                     listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr,
-                            NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(subexpr.number == 0.0, subexpr.position),
+                            NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(subexpr.number == 0.0, subexpr.position),
                             parent))
                 }
                 else -> throw ExpressionError(expr.operator, subexpr.position)
@@ -109,7 +116,7 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     when (leftExpr.operator) {
                         "+" -> {
                             // X + С1 == C2  -->  X == C2 - C1
-                            val newRightConst = NumericLiteralValue(rightconst.type, rightconst.number - leftRightConst.number, rightconst.position)
+                            val newRightConst = NumericLiteral(rightconst.type, rightconst.number - leftRightConst.number, rightconst.position)
                             return listOf(
                                 IAstModification.ReplaceNode(leftExpr, leftExpr.left, expr),
                                 IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, newRightConst, expr)
@@ -117,7 +124,7 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                         }
                         "-" -> {
                             // X - С1 == C2  -->  X == C2 + C1
-                            val newRightConst = NumericLiteralValue(rightconst.type, rightconst.number + leftRightConst.number, rightconst.position)
+                            val newRightConst = NumericLiteral(rightconst.type, rightconst.number + leftRightConst.number, rightconst.position)
                             return listOf(
                                 IAstModification.ReplaceNode(leftExpr, leftExpr.left, expr),
                                 IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, newRightConst, expr)
@@ -135,16 +142,16 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
             val leftDt = leftconst.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
             when (leftconst.number) {
                 0.0 -> {
-                    val value = NumericLiteralValue(leftDt, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    val value = NumericLiteral(leftDt, 0.0, expr.position)
                     modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, value, parent)
                 }
                 1.0 -> {
-                    val value = NumericLiteralValue(leftDt, 1.0, expr.position)
+                    val value = NumericLiteral(leftDt, 1.0, expr.position)
                     modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, value, parent)
                 }
                 2.0 -> {
                     if(rightconst!=null) {
-                        val value = NumericLiteralValue(leftDt, 2.0.pow(rightconst.number), expr.position)
+                        val value = NumericLiteral(leftDt, 2.0.pow(rightconst.number), expr.position)
                         modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, value, parent)
                     } else {
                         val rightDt = expr.right.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
@@ -155,7 +162,7 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                                     is VarDecl -> parent.datatype
                                     else -> leftDt
                                 }
-                            val one = NumericLiteralValue(targetDt, 1.0, expr.position)
+                            val one = NumericLiteral(targetDt, 1.0, expr.position)
                             val shift = BinaryExpression(one, "<<", expr.right, expr.position)
                             modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, shift, parent)
                         }
@@ -277,7 +284,7 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return modifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(array: ArrayLiteralValue, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun after(array: ArrayLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // because constant folding can result in arrays that are now suddenly capable
         // of telling the type of all their elements (for instance, when they contained -2 which
         // was a prefix expression earlier), we recalculate the array's datatype.
@@ -303,17 +310,17 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(functionCall: FunctionCall, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun after(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // the args of a fuction are constfolded via recursion already.
-        val constvalue = functionCall.constValue(program)
+        val constvalue = functionCallExpr.constValue(program)
         return if(constvalue!=null)
-            listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCall, constvalue, parent))
+            listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallExpr, constvalue, parent))
         else
             noModifications
     }
 
     override fun after(forLoop: ForLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        fun adjustRangeDt(rangeFrom: NumericLiteralValue, targetDt: DataType, rangeTo: NumericLiteralValue, stepLiteral: NumericLiteralValue?, range: RangeExpr): RangeExpr? {
+        fun adjustRangeDt(rangeFrom: NumericLiteral, targetDt: DataType, rangeTo: NumericLiteral, stepLiteral: NumericLiteral?, range: RangeExpression): RangeExpression? {
             val fromCast = rangeFrom.cast(targetDt)
             val toCast = rangeTo.cast(targetDt)
             if(!fromCast.isValid || !toCast.isValid)
@@ -330,18 +337,18 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     range.step
                 }
 
-            return RangeExpr(fromCast.valueOrZero(), toCast.valueOrZero(), newStep, range.position)
+            return RangeExpression(fromCast.valueOrZero(), toCast.valueOrZero(), newStep, range.position)
         }
 
         // adjust the datatype of a range expression in for loops to the loop variable.
-        val iterableRange = forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpr ?: return noModifications
-        val rangeFrom = iterableRange.from as? NumericLiteralValue
-        val rangeTo = iterableRange.to as? NumericLiteralValue
+        val iterableRange = forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpression ?: return noModifications
+        val rangeFrom = iterableRange.from as? NumericLiteral
+        val rangeTo = iterableRange.to as? NumericLiteral
         if(rangeFrom==null || rangeTo==null) return noModifications
 
         val loopvar = forLoop.loopVar.targetVarDecl(program) ?: throw UndefinedSymbolError(forLoop.loopVar)
 
-        val stepLiteral = iterableRange.step as? NumericLiteralValue
+        val stepLiteral = iterableRange.step as? NumericLiteral
         when(loopvar.datatype) {
             DataType.UBYTE -> {
                 if(rangeFrom.type!= DataType.UBYTE) {
@@ -382,7 +389,7 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
     }
 
     override fun after(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val numval = decl.value as? NumericLiteralValue
+        val numval = decl.value as? NumericLiteral
         if(decl.type== VarDeclType.CONST && numval!=null) {
             val valueDt = numval.inferType(program)
             if(valueDt isnot decl.datatype) {
@@ -420,12 +427,12 @@ class ConstantFoldingOptimizer(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
     {
         // NOTE: THIS IS ONLY VALID ON FLOATING POINT CONSTANTS
 
-        // todo: this implements only a small set of possible reorderings at this time, we could think of more
+        // TODO: this implements only a small set of possible reorderings at this time, we could think of more
         if(expr.operator==subExpr.operator) {
             // both operators are the same.
 
             // If associative,  we can simply shuffle the const operands around to optimize.
-            if(expr.operator in associativeOperators) {
+            if(expr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
                 return if(leftIsConst) {
                     if(subleftIsConst)
                         ShuffleOperands(expr, null, subExpr, subExpr.right, null, null, expr.left)

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/ConstantIdentifierReplacer.kt

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
 import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
-import prog8.compilerinterface.size
-import prog8.compilerinterface.toConstantIntegerRange
+import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
 
 // Fix up the literal value's type to match that of the vardecl
 //   (also check range literal operands types before they get expanded into arrays for instance)
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ class VarConstantValueTypeAdjuster(private val program: Program, private val err
                 && declConstValue.type != decl.datatype) {
                 // avoid silent float roundings
                 if(decl.datatype in IntegerDatatypes && declConstValue.type==DataType.FLOAT) {
-                    errors.err("refused silent rounding of float to avoid loss of precision", decl.value!!.position)
+                    errors.err("refused rounding of float to avoid loss of precision", decl.value!!.position)
                 } else {
                     // cast the numeric literal to the appropriate datatype of the variable
                     val cast = declConstValue.cast(decl.datatype)
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ class VarConstantValueTypeAdjuster(private val program: Program, private val err
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(range: RangeExpr, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun after(range: RangeExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         val from = range.from.constValue(program)?.number
         val to = range.to.constValue(program)?.number
         val step = range.step.constValue(program)?.number
@@ -95,11 +94,11 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                 in NumericDatatypes -> listOf(
                     IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
                         identifier,
-                        NumericLiteralValue(cval.type, cval.number, identifier.position),
+                        NumericLiteral(cval.type, cval.number, identifier.position),
                         identifier.parent
                     )
                 )
-                in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> throw FatalAstException("pass-by-reference type should not be considered a constant")
+                in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> throw InternalCompilerException("pass-by-reference type should not be considered a constant")
                 else -> noModifications
             }
         } catch (x: UndefinedSymbolError) {
@@ -120,11 +119,11 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                 val arraysize = decl.arraysize
                 if(arraysize==null) {
                     // for arrays that have no size specifier attempt to deduce the size
-                    val arrayval = decl.value as? ArrayLiteralValue
+                    val arrayval = decl.value as? ArrayLiteral
                     if(arrayval!=null) {
                         return listOf(IAstModification.SetExpression(
                                 { decl.arraysize = ArrayIndex(it, decl.position) },
-                                NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(arrayval.value.size, decl.position),
+                                NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(arrayval.value.size, decl.position),
                                 decl
                         ))
                     }
@@ -134,14 +133,14 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
             when(decl.datatype) {
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
                     // vardecl: for scalar float vars, promote constant integer initialization values to floats
-                    val litval = decl.value as? NumericLiteralValue
+                    val litval = decl.value as? NumericLiteral
                     if (litval!=null && litval.type in IntegerDatatypes) {
-                        val newValue = NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, litval.number, litval.position)
+                        val newValue = NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, litval.number, litval.position)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(decl.value!!, newValue, decl))
                     }
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_UB, DataType.ARRAY_B, DataType.ARRAY_UW, DataType.ARRAY_W -> {
-                    val rangeExpr = decl.value as? RangeExpr
+                    val rangeExpr = decl.value as? RangeExpression
                     if(rangeExpr!=null) {
                         // convert the initializer range expression to an actual array
                         val declArraySize = decl.arraysize?.constIndex()
@@ -151,18 +150,18 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                         if(constRange!=null) {
                             val eltType = rangeExpr.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UBYTE)
                             val newValue = if(eltType in ByteDatatypes) {
-                                ArrayLiteralValue(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(decl.datatype),
-                                        constRange.map { NumericLiteralValue(eltType, it.toDouble(), decl.value!!.position) }.toTypedArray(),
+                                ArrayLiteral(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(decl.datatype),
+                                        constRange.map { NumericLiteral(eltType, it.toDouble(), decl.value!!.position) }.toTypedArray(),
                                         position = decl.value!!.position)
                             } else {
-                                ArrayLiteralValue(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(decl.datatype),
-                                        constRange.map { NumericLiteralValue(eltType, it.toDouble(), decl.value!!.position) }.toTypedArray(),
+                                ArrayLiteral(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(decl.datatype),
+                                        constRange.map { NumericLiteral(eltType, it.toDouble(), decl.value!!.position) }.toTypedArray(),
                                         position = decl.value!!.position)
                             }
                             return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(decl.value!!, newValue, decl))
                         }
                     }
-                    val numericLv = decl.value as? NumericLiteralValue
+                    val numericLv = decl.value as? NumericLiteral
                     if(numericLv!=null && numericLv.type== DataType.FLOAT)
                         errors.err("arraysize requires only integers here", numericLv.position)
                     val size = decl.arraysize?.constIndex() ?: return noModifications
@@ -189,13 +188,13 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                             else -> {}
                         }
                         // create the array itself, filled with the fillvalue.
-                        val array = Array(size) {fillvalue}.map { NumericLiteralValue(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(decl.datatype), it.toDouble(), numericLv.position) }.toTypedArray<Expression>()
-                        val refValue = ArrayLiteralValue(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(decl.datatype), array, position = numericLv.position)
+                        val array = Array(size) {fillvalue}.map { NumericLiteral(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(decl.datatype), it.toDouble(), numericLv.position) }.toTypedArray<Expression>()
+                        val refValue = ArrayLiteral(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(decl.datatype), array, position = numericLv.position)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(decl.value!!, refValue, decl))
                     }
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_F -> {
-                    val rangeExpr = decl.value as? RangeExpr
+                    val rangeExpr = decl.value as? RangeExpression
                     if(rangeExpr!=null) {
                         // convert the initializer range expression to an actual array of floats
                         val declArraySize = decl.arraysize?.constIndex()
@@ -203,14 +202,14 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                             errors.err("range expression size (${rangeExpr.size()}) doesn't match declared array size ($declArraySize)", decl.value?.position!!)
                         val constRange = rangeExpr.toConstantIntegerRange()
                         if(constRange!=null) {
-                            val newValue = ArrayLiteralValue(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(DataType.ARRAY_F),
-                                    constRange.map { NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, it.toDouble(), decl.value!!.position) }.toTypedArray(),
+                            val newValue = ArrayLiteral(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(DataType.ARRAY_F),
+                                    constRange.map { NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, it.toDouble(), decl.value!!.position) }.toTypedArray(),
                                     position = decl.value!!.position)
                             return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(decl.value!!, newValue, decl))
                         }
                     }
 
-                    val numericLv = decl.value as? NumericLiteralValue
+                    val numericLv = decl.value as? NumericLiteral
                     val size = decl.arraysize?.constIndex() ?: return noModifications
                     if(rangeExpr==null && numericLv!=null) {
                         // arraysize initializer is a single int, and we know the size.
@@ -219,8 +218,8 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                             errors.err("float value overflow", numericLv.position)
                         else {
                             // create the array itself, filled with the fillvalue.
-                            val array = Array(size) {fillvalue}.map { NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, it, numericLv.position) }.toTypedArray<Expression>()
-                            val refValue = ArrayLiteralValue(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(DataType.ARRAY_F), array, position = numericLv.position)
+                            val array = Array(size) {fillvalue}.map { NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, it, numericLv.position) }.toTypedArray<Expression>()
+                            val refValue = ArrayLiteral(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(DataType.ARRAY_F), array, position = numericLv.position)
                             return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(decl.value!!, refValue, decl))
                         }
                     }

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/ExpressionSimplifier.kt

@@ -1,28 +1,22 @@
 package prog8.optimizer
 
-import prog8.ast.Node
-import prog8.ast.Program
+import prog8.ast.*
 import prog8.ast.base.DataType
 import prog8.ast.base.FatalAstException
 import prog8.ast.base.IntegerDatatypes
 import prog8.ast.base.NumericDatatypes
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
-import prog8.ast.statements.Assignment
+import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
 import kotlin.math.abs
 import kotlin.math.log2
 import kotlin.math.pow
 
-/*
-    todo add more peephole expression optimizations
+// TODO add more peephole expression optimizations? Investigate what optimizations binaryen has, also see  https://egorbo.com/peephole-optimizations.html
 
-    Investigate what optimizations binaryen has, also see  https://egorbo.com/peephole-optimizations.html
-
- */
-
-
-class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
+class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program, private val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalker() {
     private val powersOfTwo = (1..16).map { (2.0).pow(it) }.toSet()
     private val negativePowersOfTwo = powersOfTwo.map { -it }.toSet()
 
@@ -30,7 +24,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         val mods = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
 
         // try to statically convert a literal value into one of the desired type
-        val literal = typecast.expression as? NumericLiteralValue
+        val literal = typecast.expression as? NumericLiteral
         if (literal != null) {
             val newLiteral = literal.cast(typecast.type)
             if (newLiteral.isValid && newLiteral.valueOrZero() !== literal)
@@ -54,35 +48,26 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return mods
     }
 
-    override fun before(expr: PrefixExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if (expr.operator == "+") {
-            // +X --> X
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, expr.expression, parent))
-        } else if (expr.operator == "not") {
-            when(expr.expression) {
-                is PrefixExpression -> {
-                    // NOT(NOT(...)) -> ...
-                    val pe = expr.expression as PrefixExpression
-                    if(pe.operator == "not")
-                        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, pe.expression, parent))
+    override fun after(ifElse: IfElse, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val truepart = ifElse.truepart
+        val elsepart = ifElse.elsepart
+        if(truepart.isNotEmpty() && elsepart.isNotEmpty()) {
+            if(truepart.statements.singleOrNull() is Jump) {
+                return listOf(
+                    IAstModification.InsertAfter(ifElse, elsepart, parent as IStatementContainer),
+                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(elsepart, AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), elsepart.position), ifElse)
+                )
+            }
+            if(elsepart.statements.singleOrNull() is Jump) {
+                val invertedCondition = invertCondition(ifElse.condition)
+                if(invertedCondition!=null) {
+                    return listOf(
+                        IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse.condition, invertedCondition, ifElse),
+                        IAstModification.InsertAfter(ifElse, truepart, parent as IStatementContainer),
+                        IAstModification.ReplaceNode(elsepart, AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), elsepart.position), ifElse),
+                        IAstModification.ReplaceNode(truepart, elsepart, ifElse)
+                    )
                 }
-                is BinaryExpression -> {
-                    // NOT (xxxx)  ->   invert the xxxx
-                    val be = expr.expression as BinaryExpression
-                    val newExpr = when (be.operator) {
-                        "<" -> BinaryExpression(be.left, ">=", be.right, be.position)
-                        ">" -> BinaryExpression(be.left, "<=", be.right, be.position)
-                        "<=" -> BinaryExpression(be.left, ">", be.right, be.position)
-                        ">=" -> BinaryExpression(be.left, "<", be.right, be.position)
-                        "==" -> BinaryExpression(be.left, "!=", be.right, be.position)
-                        "!=" -> BinaryExpression(be.left, "==", be.right, be.position)
-                        else -> null
-                    }
-
-                    if (newExpr != null)
-                        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, newExpr, parent))
-                }
-                else -> return noModifications
             }
         }
         return noModifications
@@ -98,11 +83,11 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
             throw FatalAstException("can't determine datatype of both expression operands $expr")
 
         // ConstValue <associativeoperator> X -->  X <associativeoperator> ConstValue
-        if (leftVal != null && expr.operator in associativeOperators && rightVal == null)
+        if (leftVal != null && expr.operator in AssociativeOperators && rightVal == null)
             return listOf(IAstModification.SwapOperands(expr))
 
         // NonBinaryExpression  <associativeoperator>  BinaryExpression  -->  BinaryExpression  <associativeoperator>  NonBinaryExpression
-        if (expr.operator in associativeOperators && expr.left !is BinaryExpression && expr.right is BinaryExpression) {
+        if (expr.operator in AssociativeOperators && expr.left !is BinaryExpression && expr.right is BinaryExpression) {
             if(parent !is Assignment || !(expr.left isSameAs parent.target))
                 return listOf(IAstModification.SwapOperands(expr))
         }
@@ -149,7 +134,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     val x = expr.right
                     val y = determineY(x, leftBinExpr)
                     if (y != null) {
-                        val yPlus1 = BinaryExpression(y, "+", NumericLiteralValue(leftDt, 1.0, y.position), y.position)
+                        val yPlus1 = BinaryExpression(y, "+", NumericLiteral(leftDt, 1.0, y.position), y.position)
                         val newExpr = BinaryExpression(x, "*", yPlus1, x.position)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, newExpr, parent))
                     }
@@ -159,7 +144,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     val x = expr.right
                     val y = determineY(x, leftBinExpr)
                     if (y != null) {
-                        val yMinus1 = BinaryExpression(y, "-", NumericLiteralValue(leftDt, 1.0, y.position), y.position)
+                        val yMinus1 = BinaryExpression(y, "-", NumericLiteral(leftDt, 1.0, y.position), y.position)
                         val newExpr = BinaryExpression(x, "*", yMinus1, x.position)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, newExpr, parent))
                     }
@@ -171,7 +156,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     val x = expr.left
                     val y = determineY(x, rightBinExpr)
                     if (y != null) {
-                        val yPlus1 = BinaryExpression(y, "+", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(1, y.position), y.position)
+                        val yPlus1 = BinaryExpression(y, "+", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(1, y.position), y.position)
                         val newExpr = BinaryExpression(x, "*", yPlus1, x.position)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, newExpr, parent))
                     }
@@ -182,54 +167,32 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         if(leftDt!=DataType.FLOAT && expr.operator == ">=" && rightVal?.number == 1.0) {
             // for integers: x >= 1  -->  x > 0
             expr.operator = ">"
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.right.position), expr))
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, expr.right.position), expr))
         }
 
         if(expr.operator == ">=" && rightVal?.number == 0.0) {
             if (leftDt == DataType.UBYTE || leftDt == DataType.UWORD) {
                 // unsigned >= 0 --> true
-                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(true, expr.position), parent))
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(true, expr.position), parent))
             }
         }
 
         if(leftDt!=DataType.FLOAT && expr.operator == "<" && rightVal?.number == 1.0) {
             // for integers: x < 1  -->  x <= 0
             expr.operator = "<="
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.right.position), expr))
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, expr.right.position), expr))
         }
 
         if(expr.operator == "<" && rightVal?.number == 0.0) {
             if (leftDt == DataType.UBYTE || leftDt == DataType.UWORD) {
                 // unsigned < 0 --> false
-                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(false, expr.position), parent))
-            }
-            when(leftDt) {
-                DataType.BYTE -> {
-                    // signed < 0  -->  signed & $80
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            expr,
-                            BinaryExpression(expr.left, "&", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0x80, expr.position), expr.position),
-                            parent
-                    ))
-                }
-                DataType.WORD -> {
-                    // signedw < 0 -->  msb(signedw) & $80
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            expr,
-                            BinaryExpression(FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("msb"), expr.position),
-                                    mutableListOf(expr.left),
-                                    expr.position
-                            ), "&", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0x80, expr.position), expr.position),
-                            parent
-                    ))
-                }
-                else -> {}
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(false, expr.position), parent))
             }
         }
 
         // simplify when a term is constant and directly determines the outcome
-        val constTrue = NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(true, expr.position)
-        val constFalse = NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(false, expr.position)
+        val constTrue = NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(true, expr.position)
+        val constFalse = NumericLiteral.fromBoolean(false, expr.position)
         val newExpr: Expression? = when (expr.operator) {
             "or" -> {
                 when {
@@ -260,10 +223,10 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 when {
                     leftVal?.number==0.0 -> expr.right
                     rightVal?.number==0.0 -> expr.left
-                    rightIDt.isBytes && rightVal?.number==255.0 -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, 255.0, rightVal.position)
-                    rightIDt.isWords && rightVal?.number==65535.0 -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UWORD, 65535.0, rightVal.position)
-                    leftIDt.isBytes && leftVal?.number==255.0 -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, 255.0, leftVal.position)
-                    leftIDt.isWords && leftVal?.number==65535.0 -> NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UWORD, 65535.0, leftVal.position)
+                    rightIDt.isBytes && rightVal?.number==255.0 -> NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, 255.0, rightVal.position)
+                    rightIDt.isWords && rightVal?.number==65535.0 -> NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, 65535.0, rightVal.position)
+                    leftIDt.isBytes && leftVal?.number==255.0 -> NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, 255.0, leftVal.position)
+                    leftIDt.isWords && leftVal?.number==65535.0 -> NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, 65535.0, leftVal.position)
                     else -> null
                 }
             }
@@ -306,32 +269,32 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(functionCall: FunctionCall, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(functionCall.target.nameInSource == listOf("lsb")) {
-            val arg = functionCall.args[0]
+    override fun after(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCallExpr.target.nameInSource == listOf("lsb")) {
+            val arg = functionCallExpr.args[0]
             if(arg is TypecastExpression) {
                 val valueDt = arg.expression.inferType(program)
                 if (valueDt istype DataType.BYTE || valueDt istype DataType.UBYTE) {
                     // useless lsb() of byte value that was typecasted to word
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCall, arg.expression, parent))
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallExpr, arg.expression, parent))
                 }
             } else {
                 val argDt = arg.inferType(program)
                 if (argDt istype DataType.BYTE || argDt istype DataType.UBYTE) {
                     // useless lsb() of byte value
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCall, arg, parent))
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallExpr, arg, parent))
                 }
             }
         }
-        else if(functionCall.target.nameInSource == listOf("msb")) {
-            val arg = functionCall.args[0]
+        else if(functionCallExpr.target.nameInSource == listOf("msb")) {
+            val arg = functionCallExpr.args[0]
             if(arg is TypecastExpression) {
                 val valueDt = arg.expression.inferType(program)
                 if (valueDt istype DataType.BYTE || valueDt istype DataType.UBYTE) {
                     // useless msb() of byte value that was typecasted to word, replace with 0
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            functionCall,
-                            NumericLiteralValue(valueDt.getOr(DataType.UBYTE), 0.0, arg.expression.position),
+                            functionCallExpr,
+                            NumericLiteral(valueDt.getOr(DataType.UBYTE), 0.0, arg.expression.position),
                             parent))
                 }
             } else {
@@ -339,8 +302,8 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 if (argDt istype DataType.BYTE || argDt istype DataType.UBYTE) {
                     // useless msb() of byte value, replace with 0
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            functionCall,
-                            NumericLiteralValue(argDt.getOr(DataType.UBYTE), 0.0, arg.position),
+                            functionCallExpr,
+                            NumericLiteral(argDt.getOr(DataType.UBYTE), 0.0, arg.position),
                             parent))
                 }
             }
@@ -349,6 +312,49 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return noModifications
     }
 
+    override fun after(containment: ContainmentCheck, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val range = containment.iterable as? RangeExpression
+        if(range!=null && range.step.constValue(program)?.number==1.0) {
+            val from = range.from.constValue(program)
+            val to = range.to.constValue(program)
+            val value = containment.element
+            if(from!=null && to!=null && value.isSimple) {
+                if(to.number-from.number>6.0) {
+                    // replace containment test with X>=from and X<=to
+                    val left = BinaryExpression(value, ">=", from, containment.position)
+                    val right = BinaryExpression(value.copy(), "<=", to, containment.position)
+                    val comparison = BinaryExpression(left, "and", right, containment.position)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(containment, comparison, parent))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(pipeExpr: PipeExpression, parent: Node) = processPipe(pipeExpr, parent)
+    override fun after(pipe: Pipe, parent: Node) = processPipe(pipe, parent)
+
+    private fun processPipe(pipe: IPipe, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(pipe.source.isSimple) {
+            val segments = pipe.segments
+            if(segments.size==1) {
+                // replace the whole pipe with a normal function call
+                val funcname = (segments[0] as IFunctionCall).target
+                val call = if(pipe is Pipe)
+                    FunctionCallStatement(funcname, mutableListOf(pipe.source), true, pipe.position)
+                else
+                    FunctionCallExpression(funcname, mutableListOf(pipe.source), pipe.position)
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(pipe as Node, call, parent))
+            } else if(segments.size>1) {
+                // replace source+firstsegment by firstsegment(source) call as the new source
+                val firstSegment = segments.removeAt(0) as IFunctionCall
+                val call = FunctionCallExpression(firstSegment.target, mutableListOf(pipe.source), pipe.position)
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(pipe.source, call, pipe as Node))
+            }
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
     private fun determineY(x: Expression, subBinExpr: BinaryExpression): Expression? {
         return when {
             subBinExpr.left isSameAs x -> subBinExpr.right
@@ -357,11 +363,11 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeAdd(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeAdd(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?, rightVal: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if(expr.left.isSameAs(expr.right)) {
             // optimize X+X into X *2
             expr.operator = "*"
-            expr.right = NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(2, expr.right.position)
+            expr.right = NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(2, expr.right.position)
             expr.right.linkParents(expr)
             return expr
         }
@@ -372,7 +378,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         val (expr2, _, rightVal2) = reorderAssociativeWithConstant(expr, leftVal)
         if (rightVal2 != null) {
             // right value is a constant, see if we can optimize
-            val rightConst: NumericLiteralValue = rightVal2
+            val rightConst: NumericLiteral = rightVal2
             when (rightConst.number) {
                 0.0 -> {
                     // left
@@ -385,17 +391,17 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         val rnum = rightVal?.number
         if(rnum!=null && rnum<0.0) {
             expr.operator = "-"
-            expr.right = NumericLiteralValue(rightVal.type, -rnum, rightVal.position)
+            expr.right = NumericLiteral(rightVal.type, -rnum, rightVal.position)
             return expr
         }
 
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeSub(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeSub(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?, rightVal: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if(expr.left.isSameAs(expr.right)) {
             // optimize X-X into 0
-            return NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)
+            return NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)
         }
 
         if (leftVal == null && rightVal == null)
@@ -411,7 +417,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
 
             if(rnum<0.0) {
                 expr.operator = "+"
-                expr.right = NumericLiteralValue(rightVal.type, -rnum, rightVal.position)
+                expr.right = NumericLiteral(rightVal.type, -rnum, rightVal.position)
                 return expr
             }
         }
@@ -429,38 +435,38 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun optimizePower(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizePower(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?, rightVal: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if (leftVal == null && rightVal == null)
             return null
 
         if (rightVal != null) {
             // right value is a constant, see if we can optimize
-            val rightConst: NumericLiteralValue = rightVal
+            val rightConst: NumericLiteral = rightVal
             when (rightConst.number) {
                 -3.0 -> {
                     // -1/(left*left*left)
-                    return BinaryExpression(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position), "/",
+                    return BinaryExpression(NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position), "/",
                             BinaryExpression(expr.left, "*", BinaryExpression(expr.left, "*", expr.left, expr.position), expr.position),
                             expr.position)
                 }
                 -2.0 -> {
                     // -1/(left*left)
-                    return BinaryExpression(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position), "/",
+                    return BinaryExpression(NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position), "/",
                             BinaryExpression(expr.left, "*", expr.left, expr.position),
                             expr.position)
                 }
                 -1.0 -> {
                     // -1/left
-                    return BinaryExpression(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position), "/",
+                    return BinaryExpression(NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position), "/",
                             expr.left, expr.position)
                 }
                 0.0 -> {
                     // 1
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(rightConst.type, 1.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(rightConst.type, 1.0, expr.position)
                 }
                 0.5 -> {
                     // sqrt(left)
-                    return FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("sqrt"), expr.position), mutableListOf(expr.left), expr.position)
+                    return FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("sqrt"), expr.position), mutableListOf(expr.left), expr.position)
                 }
                 1.0 -> {
                     // left
@@ -481,15 +487,15 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
             when (leftVal.number) {
                 -1.0 -> {
                     // -1
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(DataType.FLOAT, -1.0, expr.position)
                 }
                 0.0 -> {
                     // 0
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(leftVal.type, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(leftVal.type, 0.0, expr.position)
                 }
                 1.0 -> {
                     //1
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(leftVal.type, 1.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(leftVal.type, 1.0, expr.position)
                 }
 
             }
@@ -498,7 +504,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeRemainder(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeRemainder(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?, rightVal: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if (leftVal == null && rightVal == null)
             return null
 
@@ -511,10 +517,10 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     val idt = expr.inferType(program)
                     if(!idt.isKnown)
                         throw FatalAstException("unknown dt")
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(idt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(idt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), 0.0, expr.position)
                 } else if (cv in powersOfTwo) {
                     expr.operator = "&"
-                    expr.right = NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(cv!!.toInt()-1, expr.position)
+                    expr.right = NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(cv!!.toInt()-1, expr.position)
                     return null
                 }
             }
@@ -523,14 +529,14 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
 
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeDivision(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeDivision(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?, rightVal: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if (leftVal == null && rightVal == null)
             return null
 
         // cannot shuffle assiciativity with division!
         if (rightVal != null) {
             // right value is a constant, see if we can optimize
-            val rightConst: NumericLiteralValue = rightVal
+            val rightConst: NumericLiteral = rightVal
             val cv = rightConst.number
             val leftIDt = expr.left.inferType(program)
             if (!leftIDt.isKnown)
@@ -553,25 +559,25 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     if (leftDt in IntegerDatatypes) {
                         // divided by a power of two => shift right
                         val numshifts = log2(cv).toInt()
-                        return BinaryExpression(expr.left, ">>", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
+                        return BinaryExpression(expr.left, ">>", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
                     }
                 }
                 in negativePowersOfTwo -> {
                     if (leftDt in IntegerDatatypes) {
                         // divided by a negative power of two => negate, then shift right
                         val numshifts = log2(-cv).toInt()
-                        return BinaryExpression(PrefixExpression("-", expr.left, expr.position), ">>", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
+                        return BinaryExpression(PrefixExpression("-", expr.left, expr.position), ">>", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
                     }
                 }
             }
 
             if (leftDt == DataType.UBYTE) {
                 if (abs(rightConst.number) >= 256.0) {
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position)
                 }
             } else if (leftDt == DataType.UWORD) {
                 if (abs(rightConst.number) >= 65536.0) {
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position)
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -581,7 +587,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
             when (leftVal.number) {
                 0.0 -> {
                     // 0
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(leftVal.type, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(leftVal.type, 0.0, expr.position)
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -589,7 +595,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeMultiplication(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeMultiplication(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?, rightVal: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if (leftVal == null && rightVal == null)
             return null
 
@@ -597,7 +603,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         if (rightVal2 != null) {
             // right value is a constant, see if we can optimize
             val leftValue: Expression = expr2.left
-            val rightConst: NumericLiteralValue = rightVal2
+            val rightConst: NumericLiteral = rightVal2
             when (val cv = rightConst.number) {
                 -1.0 -> {
                     // -left
@@ -605,7 +611,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 }
                 0.0 -> {
                     // 0
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(rightConst.type, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(rightConst.type, 0.0, expr.position)
                 }
                 1.0 -> {
                     // left
@@ -615,14 +621,14 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                     if (leftValue.inferType(program).isInteger) {
                         // times a power of two => shift left
                         val numshifts = log2(cv).toInt()
-                        return BinaryExpression(expr2.left, "<<", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
+                        return BinaryExpression(expr2.left, "<<", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
                     }
                 }
                 in negativePowersOfTwo -> {
                     if (leftValue.inferType(program).isInteger) {
                         // times a negative power of two => negate, then shift left
                         val numshifts = log2(-cv).toInt()
-                        return BinaryExpression(PrefixExpression("-", expr2.left, expr.position), "<<", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
+                        return BinaryExpression(PrefixExpression("-", expr2.left, expr.position), "<<", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(numshifts, expr.position), expr.position)
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -632,7 +638,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeShiftLeft(expr: BinaryExpression, amountLv: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeShiftLeft(expr: BinaryExpression, amountLv: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if (amountLv == null)
             return null
 
@@ -646,19 +652,16 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         when (val targetDt = targetIDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)) {
             DataType.UBYTE, DataType.BYTE -> {
                 if (amount >= 8) {
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(targetDt, 0.0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(targetDt, 0.0, expr.position)
                 }
             }
             DataType.UWORD, DataType.WORD -> {
                 if (amount >= 16) {
-                    return NumericLiteralValue(targetDt, 0.0, expr.position)
-                } else if (amount >= 8) {
-                    val lsb = FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("lsb"), expr.position), mutableListOf(expr.left), expr.position)
-                    if (amount == 8) {
-                        return FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("mkword"), expr.position), mutableListOf(lsb, NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)), expr.position)
-                    }
-                    val shifted = BinaryExpression(lsb, "<<", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(amount - 8, expr.position), expr.position)
-                    return FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("mkword"), expr.position), mutableListOf(shifted, NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)), expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral(targetDt, 0.0, expr.position)
+                } else if (amount > 8) {
+                    val lsb = FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("lsb"), expr.position), mutableListOf(expr.left), expr.position)
+                    val shifted = BinaryExpression(lsb, "<<", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(amount - 8, expr.position), expr.position)
+                    return FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("mkword"), expr.position), mutableListOf(shifted, NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)), expr.position)
                 }
             }
             else -> {
@@ -667,7 +670,7 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun optimizeShiftRight(expr: BinaryExpression, amountLv: NumericLiteralValue?): Expression? {
+    private fun optimizeShiftRight(expr: BinaryExpression, amountLv: NumericLiteral?): Expression? {
         if (amountLv == null)
             return null
 
@@ -681,32 +684,27 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         when (idt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)) {
             DataType.UBYTE -> {
                 if (amount >= 8) {
-                    return NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)
                 }
             }
             DataType.BYTE -> {
                 if (amount > 8) {
-                    expr.right = NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(8, expr.right.position)
+                    expr.right = NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(8, expr.right.position)
                     return null
                 }
             }
             DataType.UWORD -> {
                 if (amount >= 16) {
-                    return NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)
+                    return NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, expr.position)
                 }
-                else if (amount >= 8) {
-                    val msb = FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("msb"), expr.position), mutableListOf(expr.left), expr.position)
-                    if (amount == 8) {
-                        // mkword(0, msb(v))
-                        val zero = NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position)
-                        return FunctionCall(IdentifierReference(listOf("mkword"), expr.position), mutableListOf(zero, msb), expr.position)
-                    }
-                    return TypecastExpression(BinaryExpression(msb, ">>", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(amount - 8, expr.position), expr.position), DataType.UWORD, true, expr.position)
+                else if (amount > 8) {
+                    val msb = FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("msb"), expr.position), mutableListOf(expr.left), expr.position)
+                    return TypecastExpression(BinaryExpression(msb, ">>", NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(amount - 8, expr.position), expr.position), DataType.UWORD, true, expr.position)
                 }
             }
             DataType.WORD -> {
                 if (amount > 16) {
-                    expr.right = NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(16, expr.right.position)
+                    expr.right = NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(16, expr.right.position)
                     return null
                 }
             }
@@ -716,8 +714,8 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun reorderAssociativeWithConstant(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?): BinExprWithConstants {
-        if (expr.operator in associativeOperators && leftVal != null) {
+    private fun reorderAssociativeWithConstant(expr: BinaryExpression, leftVal: NumericLiteral?): BinExprWithConstants {
+        if (expr.operator in AssociativeOperators && leftVal != null) {
             // swap left and right so that right is always the constant
             val tmp = expr.left
             expr.left = expr.right
@@ -727,6 +725,6 @@ class ExpressionSimplifier(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return BinExprWithConstants(expr, leftVal, expr.right.constValue(program))
     }
 
-    private data class BinExprWithConstants(val expr: BinaryExpression, val leftVal: NumericLiteralValue?, val rightVal: NumericLiteralValue?)
+    private data class BinExprWithConstants(val expr: BinaryExpression, val leftVal: NumericLiteral?, val rightVal: NumericLiteral?)
 
-}
+}

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/Extensions.kt

@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@ package prog8.optimizer
 
 import prog8.ast.IBuiltinFunctions
 import prog8.ast.Program
-import prog8.ast.base.DataType
-import prog8.ast.base.FatalAstException
-import prog8.ast.expressions.InferredTypes
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
 import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
@@ -57,8 +54,8 @@ fun Program.optimizeStatements(errors: IErrorReporter,
     return optimizationCount
 }
 
-fun Program.simplifyExpressions() : Int {
-    val opti = ExpressionSimplifier(this)
+fun Program.simplifyExpressions(errors: IErrorReporter) : Int {
+    val opti = ExpressionSimplifier(this, errors)
     opti.visit(this)
     return opti.applyModifications()
 }
@@ -68,15 +65,3 @@ fun Program.splitBinaryExpressions(options: CompilationOptions, compTarget: ICom
     opti.visit(this)
     return opti.applyModifications()
 }
-
-fun getTempVarName(dt: InferredTypes.InferredType): List<String> {
-    return when {
-        // TODO assume (hope) cx16.r9 isn't used for anything else during the use of this temporary variable...
-        dt.istype(DataType.UBYTE) -> listOf("cx16", "r9L")
-        dt.istype(DataType.BYTE) -> listOf("cx16", "r9sL")
-        dt.istype(DataType.UWORD) -> listOf("cx16", "r9")
-        dt.istype(DataType.WORD) -> listOf("cx16", "r9s")
-        dt.isPassByReference -> listOf("cx16", "r9")
-        else -> throw FatalAstException("invalid dt $dt")
-    }
-}

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/StatementOptimizer.kt

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 package prog8.optimizer
 
 import prog8.ast.*
-import prog8.ast.base.*
+import prog8.ast.base.ArrayDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.base.DataType
+import prog8.ast.base.IntegerDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.base.VarDeclType
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
-import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
 import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
-import prog8.compilerinterface.size
 import kotlin.math.floor
 
 
@@ -19,8 +20,8 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                                   private val compTarget: ICompilationTarget
 ) : AstWalker() {
 
-    override fun before(functionCall: FunctionCall, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        // if the first instruction in the called subroutine is a return statement with a simple value,
+    override fun before(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        // if the first instruction in the called subroutine is a return statement with a simple value (NOT being a parameter),
         // remove the jump altogeter and inline the returnvalue directly.
 
         fun scopePrefix(variable: IdentifierReference): IdentifierReference {
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
             return IdentifierReference(target.scopedName, variable.position)
         }
 
-        val subroutine = functionCall.target.targetSubroutine(program)
+        val subroutine = functionCallExpr.target.targetSubroutine(program)
         if(subroutine!=null) {
             val first = subroutine.statements.asSequence().filterNot { it is VarDecl || it is Directive }.firstOrNull()
             if(first is Return && first.value?.isSimple==true) {
@@ -39,25 +40,28 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                     }
                     is DirectMemoryRead -> {
                         when(val expr = orig.addressExpression) {
-                            is NumericLiteralValue -> DirectMemoryRead(expr.copy(), orig.position)
+                            is NumericLiteral -> DirectMemoryRead(expr.copy(), orig.position)
                             else -> return noModifications
                         }
                     }
-                    is IdentifierReference -> scopePrefix(orig)
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> orig.copy()
-                    is StringLiteralValue -> orig.copy()
+                    is IdentifierReference -> {
+                        if(orig.targetVarDecl(program)?.origin == VarDeclOrigin.SUBROUTINEPARAM)
+                            return noModifications
+                        else
+                            scopePrefix(orig)
+                    }
+                    is NumericLiteral -> orig.copy()
+                    is StringLiteral -> orig.copy()
                     else -> return noModifications
                 }
-                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCall, copy, parent))
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallExpr, copy, parent))
             }
         }
         return noModifications
     }
 
-
-
     override fun after(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(functionCallStatement.target.targetStatement(program) is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder) {
+        if(functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource.size==1) {
             val functionName = functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource[0]
             if (functionName in functions.purefunctionNames) {
                 errors.warn("statement has no effect (function return value is discarded)", functionCallStatement.position)
@@ -75,32 +79,38 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                 arg as? IdentifierReference
             }
             if(stringVar!=null && stringVar.wasStringLiteral(program)) {
-                val string = stringVar.targetVarDecl(program)?.value as? StringLiteralValue
+                val string = stringVar.targetVarDecl(program)?.value as? StringLiteral
                 if(string!=null) {
                     val pos = functionCallStatement.position
                     if (string.value.length == 1) {
-                        val firstCharEncoded = compTarget.encodeString(string.value, string.altEncoding)[0]
+                        val firstCharEncoded = compTarget.encodeString(string.value, string.encoding)[0]
                         val chrout = FunctionCallStatement(
                             IdentifierReference(listOf("txt", "chrout"), pos),
-                            mutableListOf(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, firstCharEncoded.toDouble(), pos)),
+                            mutableListOf(NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, firstCharEncoded.toDouble(), pos)),
                             functionCallStatement.void, pos
                         )
-                        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallStatement, chrout, parent))
+                        val stringDecl = string.parent as VarDecl
+                        return listOf(
+                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallStatement, chrout, parent),
+                            IAstModification.Remove(stringDecl, stringDecl.parent as IStatementContainer)
+                        )
                     } else if (string.value.length == 2) {
-                        val firstTwoCharsEncoded = compTarget.encodeString(string.value.take(2), string.altEncoding)
+                        val firstTwoCharsEncoded = compTarget.encodeString(string.value.take(2), string.encoding)
                         val chrout1 = FunctionCallStatement(
                             IdentifierReference(listOf("txt", "chrout"), pos),
-                            mutableListOf(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, firstTwoCharsEncoded[0].toDouble(), pos)),
+                            mutableListOf(NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, firstTwoCharsEncoded[0].toDouble(), pos)),
                             functionCallStatement.void, pos
                         )
                         val chrout2 = FunctionCallStatement(
                             IdentifierReference(listOf("txt", "chrout"), pos),
-                            mutableListOf(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, firstTwoCharsEncoded[1].toDouble(), pos)),
+                            mutableListOf(NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, firstTwoCharsEncoded[1].toDouble(), pos)),
                             functionCallStatement.void, pos
                         )
+                        val stringDecl = string.parent as VarDecl
                         return listOf(
                             IAstModification.InsertBefore(functionCallStatement, chrout1, parent as IStatementContainer),
-                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallStatement, chrout2, parent)
+                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCallStatement, chrout2, parent),
+                            IAstModification.Remove(stringDecl, stringDecl.parent as IStatementContainer)
                         )
                     }
                 }
@@ -115,14 +125,14 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                 return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(functionCallStatement, parent as IStatementContainer))
         }
 
-        // see if we can optimize any complex arguments
+        // see if we can optimize any complex argument expressions to be just a simple variable
         // TODO for now, only works for single-argument functions because we use just 1 temp var: R9
         if(functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource !in listOf(listOf("pop"), listOf("popw")) && functionCallStatement.args.size==1) {
             val arg = functionCallStatement.args[0]
-            if(!arg.isSimple && arg !is TypecastExpression && arg !is IFunctionCall) {
-                val name = getTempVarName(arg.inferType(program))
+            if(!arg.isSimple && arg !is IFunctionCall) {
+                val name = getTempRegisterName(arg.inferType(program))
                 val tempvar = IdentifierReference(name, functionCallStatement.position)
-                val assignTempvar = Assignment(AssignTarget(tempvar.copy(), null, null, functionCallStatement.position), arg, functionCallStatement.position)
+                val assignTempvar = Assignment(AssignTarget(tempvar.copy(), null, null, functionCallStatement.position), arg, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, functionCallStatement.position)
                 return listOf(
                     IAstModification.InsertBefore(functionCallStatement, assignTempvar, parent as IStatementContainer),
                     IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg, tempvar, functionCallStatement)
@@ -134,33 +144,33 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(ifStatement: IfStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun after(ifElse: IfElse, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // remove empty if statements
-        if(ifStatement.truepart.isEmpty() && ifStatement.elsepart.isEmpty())
-            return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(ifStatement, parent as IStatementContainer))
+        if(ifElse.truepart.isEmpty() && ifElse.elsepart.isEmpty())
+            return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(ifElse, parent as IStatementContainer))
 
         // empty true part? switch with the else part
-        if(ifStatement.truepart.isEmpty() && ifStatement.elsepart.isNotEmpty()) {
-            val invertedCondition = PrefixExpression("not", ifStatement.condition, ifStatement.condition.position)
-            val emptyscope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), ifStatement.elsepart.position)
-            val truepart = AnonymousScope(ifStatement.elsepart.statements, ifStatement.truepart.position)
+        if(ifElse.truepart.isEmpty() && ifElse.elsepart.isNotEmpty()) {
+            val invertedCondition = PrefixExpression("not", ifElse.condition, ifElse.condition.position)
+            val emptyscope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), ifElse.elsepart.position)
+            val truepart = AnonymousScope(ifElse.elsepart.statements, ifElse.truepart.position)
             return listOf(
-                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement.condition, invertedCondition, ifStatement),
-                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement.truepart, truepart, ifStatement),
-                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement.elsepart, emptyscope, ifStatement)
+                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse.condition, invertedCondition, ifElse),
+                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse.truepart, truepart, ifElse),
+                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse.elsepart, emptyscope, ifElse)
             )
         }
 
-        val constvalue = ifStatement.condition.constValue(program)
+        val constvalue = ifElse.condition.constValue(program)
         if(constvalue!=null) {
             return if(constvalue.asBooleanValue){
                 // always true -> keep only if-part
-                errors.warn("condition is always true", ifStatement.position)
-                listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement, ifStatement.truepart, parent))
+                errors.warn("condition is always true", ifElse.condition.position)
+                listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse, ifElse.truepart, parent))
             } else {
                 // always false -> keep only else-part
-                errors.warn("condition is always false", ifStatement.position)
-                listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement, ifStatement.elsepart, parent))
+                errors.warn("condition is always false", ifElse.condition.position)
+                listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse, ifElse.elsepart, parent))
             }
         }
 
@@ -179,13 +189,13 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
-        val range = forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpr
+        val range = forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpression
         if(range!=null) {
             if (range.size() == 1) {
                 // for loop over a (constant) range of just a single value-- optimize the loop away
                 // loopvar/reg = range value , follow by block
                 val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), forLoop.position)
-                scope.statements.add(Assignment(AssignTarget(forLoop.loopVar, null, null, forLoop.position), range.from, forLoop.position))
+                scope.statements.add(Assignment(AssignTarget(forLoop.loopVar, null, null, forLoop.position), range.from, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, forLoop.position))
                 scope.statements.addAll(forLoop.body.statements)
                 return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(forLoop, scope, parent))
             }
@@ -193,14 +203,14 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
         val iterable = (forLoop.iterable as? IdentifierReference)?.targetVarDecl(program)
         if(iterable!=null) {
             if(iterable.datatype==DataType.STR) {
-                val sv = iterable.value as StringLiteralValue
+                val sv = iterable.value as StringLiteral
                 val size = sv.value.length
                 if(size==1) {
                     // loop over string of length 1 -> just assign the single character
-                    val character = compTarget.encodeString(sv.value, sv.altEncoding)[0]
-                    val byte = NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, character.toDouble(), iterable.position)
+                    val character = compTarget.encodeString(sv.value, sv.encoding)[0]
+                    val byte = NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, character.toDouble(), iterable.position)
                     val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), forLoop.position)
-                    scope.statements.add(Assignment(AssignTarget(forLoop.loopVar, null, null, forLoop.position), byte, forLoop.position))
+                    scope.statements.add(Assignment(AssignTarget(forLoop.loopVar, null, null, forLoop.position), byte, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, forLoop.position))
                     scope.statements.addAll(forLoop.body.statements)
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(forLoop, scope, parent))
                 }
@@ -209,12 +219,12 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                 val size = iterable.arraysize!!.constIndex()
                 if(size==1) {
                     // loop over array of length 1 -> just assign the single value
-                    val av = (iterable.value as ArrayLiteralValue).value[0].constValue(program)?.number
+                    val av = (iterable.value as ArrayLiteral).value[0].constValue(program)?.number
                     if(av!=null) {
                         val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), forLoop.position)
                         scope.statements.add(Assignment(
-                                AssignTarget(forLoop.loopVar, null, null, forLoop.position), NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(av.toInt(), iterable.position),
-                                forLoop.position))
+                                AssignTarget(forLoop.loopVar, null, null, forLoop.position), NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(av.toInt(), iterable.position),
+                                AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, forLoop.position))
                         scope.statements.addAll(forLoop.body.statements)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(forLoop, scope, parent))
                     }
@@ -228,15 +238,14 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
     override fun before(untilLoop: UntilLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         val constvalue = untilLoop.condition.constValue(program)
         if(constvalue!=null) {
-            if(constvalue.asBooleanValue) {
-                // always true -> keep only the statement block (if there are no break statements)
+            return if(constvalue.asBooleanValue) {
+                // always true -> keep only the statement block
                 errors.warn("condition is always true", untilLoop.condition.position)
-                if(!hasBreak(untilLoop.body))
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop, untilLoop.body, parent))
+                listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop, untilLoop.body, parent))
             } else {
                 // always false
                 val forever = RepeatLoop(null, untilLoop.body, untilLoop.position)
-                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop, forever, parent))
+                listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop, forever, parent))
             }
         }
         return noModifications
@@ -278,13 +287,21 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(jump: Jump, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(!jump.isGosub) {
-            // if the jump is to the next statement, remove the jump
-            val scope = jump.parent as IStatementContainer
-            val label = jump.identifier?.targetStatement(program)
-            if (label != null && scope.statements.indexOf(label) == scope.statements.indexOf(jump) + 1)
-                return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(jump, scope))
+
+    // NOTE: do NOT remove a jump to the next statement, because this will lead to wrong code when this occurs at the end of a subroutine
+    // if we want to optimize this away, it can be done later at code generation time.
+
+    override fun after(gosub: GoSub, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        // if the next statement is return with no returnvalue, change into a regular jump if there are no parameters as well.
+        val subroutineParams = gosub.identifier?.targetSubroutine(program)?.parameters
+        if(subroutineParams!=null && subroutineParams.isEmpty()) {
+            val returnstmt = gosub.nextSibling() as? Return
+            if(returnstmt!=null && returnstmt.value==null) {
+                return listOf(
+                    IAstModification.Remove(returnstmt, parent as IStatementContainer),
+                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(gosub, Jump(gosub.address, gosub.identifier, gosub.generatedLabel, gosub.position), parent)
+                )
+            }
         }
         return noModifications
     }
@@ -299,12 +316,12 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                     val op1 = binExpr.operator
                     val op2 = rExpr.operator
 
-                    if(rExpr.left is NumericLiteralValue && op2 in associativeOperators) {
+                    if(rExpr.left is NumericLiteral && op2 in AssociativeOperators) {
                         // associative operator, make sure the constant numeric value is second (right)
                         return listOf(IAstModification.SwapOperands(rExpr))
                     }
 
-                    val rNum = (rExpr.right as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number
+                    val rNum = (rExpr.right as? NumericLiteral)?.number
                     if(rNum!=null) {
                         if (op1 == "+" || op1 == "-") {
                             if (op2 == "+") {
@@ -313,7 +330,7 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                                 val addConstant = Assignment(
                                         assignment.target.copy(),
                                         BinaryExpression(binExpr.left.copy(), "+", rExpr.right, rExpr.position),
-                                        assignment.position
+                                        AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, assignment.position
                                 )
                                 return listOf(
                                         IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr, expr2, binExpr.parent),
@@ -324,7 +341,7 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                                 val subConstant = Assignment(
                                         assignment.target.copy(),
                                         BinaryExpression(binExpr.left.copy(), "-", rExpr.right, rExpr.position),
-                                        assignment.position
+                                        AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, assignment.position
                                 )
                                 return listOf(
                                         IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr, expr2, binExpr.parent),
@@ -335,7 +352,7 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                 }
             }
 
-            if(binExpr.operator in associativeOperators && binExpr.right isSameAs assignment.target) {
+            if(binExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators && binExpr.right isSameAs assignment.target) {
                 // associative operator, swap the operands so that the assignment target is first (left)
                 // unless the other operand is the same in which case we don't swap (endless loop!)
                 if (!(binExpr.left isSameAs binExpr.right))
@@ -355,7 +372,7 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
 
         val targetIDt = assignment.target.inferType(program)
         if(!targetIDt.isKnown)
-            throw FatalAstException("can't infer type of assignment target")
+            return noModifications
 
         // optimize binary expressions a bit
         val bexpr=assignment.value as? BinaryExpression
@@ -365,7 +382,7 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
                 if(bexpr.right isSameAs assignment.target) {
                     // X = value - X  -->  X = -X ; X += value  (to avoid need of stack-evaluation)
                     val negation = PrefixExpression("-", bexpr.right.copy(), bexpr.position)
-                    val addValue = Assignment(assignment.target.copy(), BinaryExpression(bexpr.right, "+", bexpr.left, bexpr.position), assignment.position)
+                    val addValue = Assignment(assignment.target.copy(), BinaryExpression(bexpr.right, "+", bexpr.left, bexpr.position), AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, assignment.position)
                     return listOf(
                         IAstModification.ReplaceNode(bexpr, negation, assignment),
                         IAstModification.InsertAfter(assignment, addValue, parent as IStatementContainer)
@@ -426,6 +443,28 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
+        // word = msb(word) , word=lsb(word)
+        if(assignment.target.inferType(program).isWords) {
+            var fcall = assignment.value as? FunctionCallExpression
+            if (fcall == null)
+                fcall = (assignment.value as? TypecastExpression)?.expression as? FunctionCallExpression
+            if (fcall != null && (fcall.target.nameInSource == listOf("lsb") || fcall.target.nameInSource == listOf("msb"))) {
+                if (fcall.args.single() isSameAs assignment.target) {
+                    return if (fcall.target.nameInSource == listOf("lsb")) {
+                        // optimize word=lsb(word) ==>  word &= $00ff
+                        val and255 = BinaryExpression(fcall.args[0], "&", NumericLiteral(DataType.UWORD, 255.0, fcall.position), fcall.position)
+                        val newAssign = Assignment(assignment.target, and255, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, fcall.position)
+                        listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(assignment, newAssign, parent))
+                    } else {
+                        // optimize word=msb(word) ==>  word >>= 8
+                        val shift8 = BinaryExpression(fcall.args[0], ">>", NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, 8.0, fcall.position), fcall.position)
+                        val newAssign = Assignment(assignment.target, shift8, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, fcall.position)
+                        listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(assignment, newAssign, parent))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         return noModifications
     }
 
@@ -435,16 +474,10 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
             val returnDt = subr.returntypes.single()
             if (returnDt in IntegerDatatypes) {
                 // first assign to intermediary variable, then return that
-                val returnVarName = "retval_interm_" + when(returnDt) {
-                    DataType.UBYTE -> "ub"
-                    DataType.BYTE -> "b"
-                    DataType.UWORD -> "uw"
-                    DataType.WORD -> "w"
-                    else -> "<undefined>"
-                }
-                val returnValueIntermediary = IdentifierReference(listOf("prog8_lib", returnVarName), returnStmt.position)
+                val (returnVarName, _) = program.getTempVar(returnDt)
+                val returnValueIntermediary = IdentifierReference(returnVarName, returnStmt.position)
                 val tgt = AssignTarget(returnValueIntermediary, null, null, returnStmt.position)
-                val assign = Assignment(tgt, value, returnStmt.position)
+                val assign = Assignment(tgt, value, AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, returnStmt.position)
                 val returnReplacement = Return(returnValueIntermediary.copy(), returnStmt.position)
                 return listOf(
                     IAstModification.InsertBefore(returnStmt, assign, parent as IStatementContainer),
@@ -454,41 +487,16 @@ class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
             return null
         }
 
-        when(returnStmt.value) {
-            is PrefixExpression -> {
-                val mod = returnViaIntermediaryVar(returnStmt.value!!)
+        // TODO decision when to use intermediary variable to calculate returnvalue seems a bit arbitrary...
+        val returnvalue = returnStmt.value
+        if (returnvalue!=null) {
+            if (returnvalue is BinaryExpression || (returnvalue is TypecastExpression && !returnvalue.expression.isSimple)) {
+                val mod = returnViaIntermediaryVar(returnvalue)
                 if(mod!=null)
                     return mod
             }
-            is BinaryExpression -> {
-                val mod = returnViaIntermediaryVar(returnStmt.value!!)
-                if(mod!=null)
-                    return mod
-            }
-            else -> {}
         }
 
-        return super.after(returnStmt, parent)
+        return noModifications
     }
-
-    private fun hasBreak(scope: IStatementContainer): Boolean {
-
-        class Searcher: IAstVisitor
-        {
-            var count=0
-
-            override fun visit(breakStmt: Break) {
-                count++
-            }
-        }
-
-        val s=Searcher()
-        for(stmt in scope.statements) {
-            stmt.accept(s)
-            if(s.count>0)
-                return true
-        }
-        return s.count > 0
-    }
-
 }

codeOptimizers/src/prog8/optimizer/UnusedCodeRemover.kt

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package prog8.optimizer
 import prog8.ast.*
 import prog8.ast.base.DataType
 import prog8.ast.base.VarDeclType
+import prog8.ast.base.defaultZero
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
@@ -33,8 +34,7 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
     }
 
     override fun before(jump: Jump, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(!jump.isGosub)
-            reportUnreachable(jump)
+        reportUnreachable(jump)
         return emptyList()
     }
 
@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
                 return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(block, parent as IStatementContainer))
             }
             if(callgraph.unused(block)) {
-                errors.warn("removing unused block '${block.name}'", block.position)
+                if(block.statements.any{ it !is VarDecl || it.type==VarDeclType.VAR})
+                    errors.warn("removing unused block '${block.name}'", block.position)
+                program.removeInternedStringsFromRemovedBlock(block)
                 return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(block, parent as IStatementContainer))
             }
         }
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
                 }
                 if(!subroutine.definingModule.isLibrary)
                     errors.warn("removing unused subroutine '${subroutine.name}'", subroutine.position)
+                program.removeInternedStringsFromRemovedSubroutine(subroutine)
                 return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(subroutine, parent as IStatementContainer))
             }
         }
@@ -101,28 +104,29 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
 
     override fun after(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         if(decl.type==VarDeclType.VAR) {
-            val forceOutput = "force_output" in decl.definingBlock.options()
-            if (!forceOutput && !decl.autogeneratedDontRemove && !decl.sharedWithAsm && !decl.definingBlock.isInLibrary) {
+            val block = decl.definingBlock
+            val forceOutput = "force_output" in block.options()
+            if (!forceOutput && decl.origin==VarDeclOrigin.USERCODE && !decl.sharedWithAsm) {
                 val usages = callgraph.usages(decl)
                 if (usages.isEmpty()) {
-                    errors.warn("removing unused variable '${decl.name}'", decl.position)
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(decl, parent as IStatementContainer))
-                } else {
-                    // if all usages are just an assignment to this vardecl,
-                    // and it is in regular RAM, then remove the var as well including all assignments
-                    val assignTargets = usages.mapNotNull {
-                        it.parent as? AssignTarget
-                    }.filter {
-                        !it.isIOAddress(compTarget.machine)
-                    }
-                    if(assignTargets.size==usages.size) {
+                    // if(!decl.definingModule.isLibrary)
                         errors.warn("removing unused variable '${decl.name}'", decl.position)
-                        val assignmentsToRemove = assignTargets.map { it.parent to it.parent.parent as IStatementContainer}.toSet()
-                        return assignmentsToRemove.map {
-                            IAstModification.Remove(it.first, it.second)
-                        } + listOf(
-                            IAstModification.Remove(decl, parent as IStatementContainer)
-                        )
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(decl, parent as IStatementContainer))
+                }
+                else {
+                    if(usages.size==1) {
+                        val singleUse = usages[0].parent
+                        if(singleUse is AssignTarget) {
+                            val assignment = singleUse.parent as Assignment
+                            if(assignment.origin==AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT) {
+                                if(!decl.definingModule.isLibrary)
+                                    errors.warn("removing unused variable '${decl.name}'", decl.position)
+                                return listOf(
+                                    IAstModification.Remove(decl, parent as IStatementContainer),
+                                    IAstModification.Remove(assignment, assignment.parent as IStatementContainer)
+                                )
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -132,11 +136,11 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
     }
 
     private fun deduplicateAssignments(statements: List<Statement>, scope: IStatementContainer): List<IAstModification> {
-        // removes 'duplicate' assignments that assign the same target directly after another
+        // removes 'duplicate' assignments that assign the same target directly after another, unless it is a function call
         val linesToRemove = mutableListOf<Assignment>()
         val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
 
-        fun substituteZeroInBinexpr(expr: BinaryExpression, zero: NumericLiteralValue, assign1: Assignment, assign2: Assignment) {
+        fun substituteZeroInBinexpr(expr: BinaryExpression, zero: NumericLiteral, assign1: Assignment, assign2: Assignment) {
             if(expr.left isSameAs assign2.target) {
                 // X = X <oper> Right
                 linesToRemove.add(assign1)
@@ -187,7 +191,7 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
-        fun substituteZeroInPrefixexpr(expr: PrefixExpression, zero: NumericLiteralValue, assign1: Assignment, assign2: Assignment) {
+        fun substituteZeroInPrefixexpr(expr: PrefixExpression, zero: NumericLiteral, assign1: Assignment, assign2: Assignment) {
             if(expr.expression isSameAs assign2.target) {
                 linesToRemove.add(assign1)
                 modifications.add(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
@@ -196,7 +200,7 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
-        fun substituteZeroInTypecast(expr: TypecastExpression, zero: NumericLiteralValue, assign1: Assignment, assign2: Assignment) {
+        fun substituteZeroInTypecast(expr: TypecastExpression, zero: NumericLiteral, assign1: Assignment, assign2: Assignment) {
             if(expr.expression isSameAs assign2.target) {
                 linesToRemove.add(assign1)
                 modifications.add(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
                 val cvalue1 = assign1.value.constValue(program)
                 if(cvalue1!=null && cvalue1.number==0.0 && assign2.target.isSameAs(assign1.target, program) && assign2.isAugmentable) {
                     val value2 = assign2.value
-                    val zero = VarDecl.defaultZero(value2.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), value2.position)
+                    val zero = defaultZero(value2.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), value2.position)
                     when(value2) {
                         is BinaryExpression -> substituteZeroInBinexpr(value2, zero, assign1, assign2)
                         is PrefixExpression -> substituteZeroInPrefixexpr(value2, zero, assign1, assign2)
@@ -234,8 +238,12 @@ class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
                                 is PrefixExpression,
                                 is BinaryExpression,
                                 is TypecastExpression,
-                                is FunctionCall -> { /* don't remove */ }
-                                else -> linesToRemove.add(assign1)
+                                is PipeExpression,
+                                is IFunctionCall -> { /* don't remove */ }
+                                else -> {
+                                    if(assign1.value !is IFunctionCall)
+                                        linesToRemove.add(assign1)
+                                }
                             }
                     }
                 }

compiler/build.gradle

@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ dependencies {
     implementation project(':compilerInterfaces')
     implementation project(':codeOptimizers')
     implementation project(':compilerAst')
-    implementation project(':codeGeneration')
+    implementation project(':codeGenTargets')
+    implementation project(':codeGenCpu6502')
+    implementation project(':codeGenExperimental6502')
     implementation 'org.antlr:antlr4-runtime:4.9.2'
     implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8"
     // implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect"

compiler/compiler.iml

@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
     <orderEntry type="library" name="michael.bull.kotlin.result.jvm" level="project" />
     <orderEntry type="module" module-name="codeOptimizers" />
     <orderEntry type="module" module-name="compilerInterfaces" />
-    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="codeGeneration" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="codeGenTargets" />
     <orderEntry type="library" name="io.kotest.assertions.core.jvm" level="project" />
     <orderEntry type="library" name="io.kotest.runner.junit5.jvm" level="project" />
     <orderEntry type="library" name="antlr.antlr4" level="project" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="codeGenCpu6502" />
+    <orderEntry type="module" module-name="codeGenExperimental6502" />
   </component>
 </module>

compiler/res/prog8lib/atari/syslib.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+; Prog8 definitions for the Atari800XL
+; Including memory registers, I/O registers, Basic and Kernal subroutines.
+;
+; Written by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net) - license: GNU GPL 3.0
+;
+
+atari {
+
+        &uword  NMI_VEC         = $FFFA     ; 6502 nmi vector, determined by the kernal if banked in
+        &uword  RESET_VEC       = $FFFC     ; 6502 reset vector, determined by the kernal if banked in
+        &uword  IRQ_VEC         = $FFFE     ; 6502 interrupt vector, determined by the kernal if banked in
+
+; ---- kernal routines ----
+; TODO
+
+
+asmsub  init_system()  {
+    ; Initializes the machine to a sane starting state.
+    ; Called automatically by the loader program logic.
+    ; TODO
+    %asm {{
+        sei
+        cld
+        clc
+        ; TODO reset screen mode etc etc
+        clv
+        cli
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  init_system_phase2()  {
+    %asm {{
+        rts     ; no phase 2 steps on the Atari
+    }}
+}
+
+}
+
+
+sys {
+    ; ------- lowlevel system routines --------
+
+    const ubyte target = 8         ;  compilation target specifier.  64 = C64, 128 = C128,  16 = CommanderX16, 8 = atari800XL
+
+
+    asmsub  reset_system()  {
+        ; Soft-reset the system back to initial power-on Basic prompt.
+        ; TODO
+        %asm {{
+            sei
+            jmp  (atari.RESET_VEC)
+        }}
+    }
+
+    sub wait(uword jiffies) {
+        ; --- wait approximately the given number of jiffies (1/60th seconds)
+        ;     TODO
+    }
+
+    asmsub waitvsync() clobbers(A) {
+        ; --- busy wait till the next vsync has occurred (approximately), without depending on custom irq handling.
+        ;     TODO
+        %asm {{
+            nop
+            rts
+        }}
+    }
+
+    asmsub memcopy(uword source @R0, uword target @R1, uword count @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        ; note: only works for NON-OVERLAPPING memory regions!
+        ; note: can't be inlined because is called from asm as well
+        %asm {{
+            ldx  cx16.r0
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1        ; source in ZP
+            ldx  cx16.r0+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2        ; target in ZP
+            ldx  cx16.r1+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+            cpy  #0
+            bne  _longcopy
+
+            ; copy <= 255 bytes
+            tay
+            bne  _copyshort
+            rts     ; nothing to copy
+
+_copyshort
+            ; decrease source and target pointers so we can simply index by Y
+            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            bne  +
+            dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
++           dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+            bne  +
+            dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
++           dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+
+-           lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+            sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+            dey
+            bne  -
+            rts
+
+_longcopy
+            sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1        ; lsb(count) = remainder in last page
+            tya
+            tax                         ; x = num pages (1+)
+            ldy  #0
+-           lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+            sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+            iny
+            bne  -
+            inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+            dex
+            bne  -
+            ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            bne  _copyshort
+            rts
+        }}
+    }
+
+    asmsub memset(uword mem @R0, uword numbytes @R1, ubyte value @A) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        %asm {{
+            ldy  cx16.r0
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            ldy  cx16.r0+1
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            ldy  cx16.r1+1
+            jmp  prog8_lib.memset
+        }}
+    }
+
+    asmsub memsetw(uword mem @R0, uword numwords @R1, uword value @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        %asm {{
+            ldx  cx16.r0
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            ldx  cx16.r0+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+            ldx  cx16.r1+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+            jmp  prog8_lib.memsetw
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub read_flags() -> ubyte @A {
+        %asm {{
+        php
+        pla
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub clear_carry() {
+        %asm {{
+        clc
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub set_carry() {
+        %asm {{
+        sec
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub clear_irqd() {
+        %asm {{
+        cli
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub set_irqd() {
+        %asm {{
+        sei
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub exit(ubyte returnvalue @A) {
+        ; -- immediately exit the program with a return code in the A register
+        ;    TODO
+        %asm {{
+            ldx  prog8_lib.orig_stackpointer
+            txs
+            rts		; return to original caller
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub progend() -> uword @AY {
+        %asm {{
+            lda  #<prog8_program_end
+            ldy  #>prog8_program_end
+        }}
+    }
+
+}
+
+cx16 {
+
+    ; the sixteen virtual 16-bit registers that the CX16 has defined in the zeropage
+    ; they are simulated on the Atari as well but their location in memory is different
+    ; TODO
+    &uword r0  = $1b00
+    &uword r1  = $1b02
+    &uword r2  = $1b04
+    &uword r3  = $1b06
+    &uword r4  = $1b08
+    &uword r5  = $1b0a
+    &uword r6  = $1b0c
+    &uword r7  = $1b0e
+    &uword r8  = $1b10
+    &uword r9  = $1b12
+    &uword r10 = $1b14
+    &uword r11 = $1b16
+    &uword r12 = $1b18
+    &uword r13 = $1b1a
+    &uword r14 = $1b1c
+    &uword r15 = $1b1e
+
+    &word r0s  = $1b00
+    &word r1s  = $1b02
+    &word r2s  = $1b04
+    &word r3s  = $1b06
+    &word r4s  = $1b08
+    &word r5s  = $1b0a
+    &word r6s  = $1b0c
+    &word r7s  = $1b0e
+    &word r8s  = $1b10
+    &word r9s  = $1b12
+    &word r10s = $1b14
+    &word r11s = $1b16
+    &word r12s = $1b18
+    &word r13s = $1b1a
+    &word r14s = $1b1c
+    &word r15s = $1b1e
+
+    &ubyte r0L  = $1b00
+    &ubyte r1L  = $1b02
+    &ubyte r2L  = $1b04
+    &ubyte r3L  = $1b06
+    &ubyte r4L  = $1b08
+    &ubyte r5L  = $1b0a
+    &ubyte r6L  = $1b0c
+    &ubyte r7L  = $1b0e
+    &ubyte r8L  = $1b10
+    &ubyte r9L  = $1b12
+    &ubyte r10L = $1b14
+    &ubyte r11L = $1b16
+    &ubyte r12L = $1b18
+    &ubyte r13L = $1b1a
+    &ubyte r14L = $1b1c
+    &ubyte r15L = $1b1e
+
+    &ubyte r0H  = $1b01
+    &ubyte r1H  = $1b03
+    &ubyte r2H  = $1b05
+    &ubyte r3H  = $1b07
+    &ubyte r4H  = $1b09
+    &ubyte r5H  = $1b0b
+    &ubyte r6H  = $1b0d
+    &ubyte r7H  = $1b0f
+    &ubyte r8H  = $1b11
+    &ubyte r9H  = $1b13
+    &ubyte r10H = $1b15
+    &ubyte r11H = $1b17
+    &ubyte r12H = $1b19
+    &ubyte r13H = $1b1b
+    &ubyte r14H = $1b1d
+    &ubyte r15H = $1b1f
+
+    &byte r0sL  = $1b00
+    &byte r1sL  = $1b02
+    &byte r2sL  = $1b04
+    &byte r3sL  = $1b06
+    &byte r4sL  = $1b08
+    &byte r5sL  = $1b0a
+    &byte r6sL  = $1b0c
+    &byte r7sL  = $1b0e
+    &byte r8sL  = $1b10
+    &byte r9sL  = $1b12
+    &byte r10sL = $1b14
+    &byte r11sL = $1b16
+    &byte r12sL = $1b18
+    &byte r13sL = $1b1a
+    &byte r14sL = $1b1c
+    &byte r15sL = $1b1e
+
+    &byte r0sH  = $1b01
+    &byte r1sH  = $1b03
+    &byte r2sH  = $1b05
+    &byte r3sH  = $1b07
+    &byte r4sH  = $1b09
+    &byte r5sH  = $1b0b
+    &byte r6sH  = $1b0d
+    &byte r7sH  = $1b0f
+    &byte r8sH  = $1b11
+    &byte r9sH  = $1b13
+    &byte r10sH = $1b15
+    &byte r11sH = $1b17
+    &byte r12sH = $1b19
+    &byte r13sH = $1b1b
+    &byte r14sH = $1b1d
+    &byte r15sH = $1b1f
+}

compiler/res/prog8lib/atari/textio.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+; Prog8 definitions for the Text I/O and Screen routines for the Atari 800XL
+;
+; Written by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net) - license: GNU GPL 3.0
+
+%import syslib
+%import conv
+
+
+txt {
+
+const ubyte DEFAULT_WIDTH = 40
+const ubyte DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 24
+
+
+sub  clear_screen() {
+    txt.chrout(125)
+}
+
+sub nl() {
+    txt.chrout('\n')
+}
+
+sub spc() {
+    txt.chrout(' ')
+}
+
+asmsub column(ubyte col @A) clobbers(A, X, Y) {
+    ; ---- set the cursor on the given column (starting with 0) on the current line
+    ;      TODO
+    %asm {{
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  fill_screen (ubyte char @ A, ubyte color @ Y) clobbers(A)  {
+    ; ---- fill the character screen with the given fill character and character color.
+    ;      (assumes screen and color matrix are at their default addresses)
+    ;      TODO
+
+    %asm {{
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  clear_screenchars (ubyte char @ A) clobbers(Y)  {
+	; ---- clear the character screen with the given fill character (leaves colors)
+	;      (assumes screen matrix is at the default address)
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+	    rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  clear_screencolors (ubyte color @ A) clobbers(Y)  {
+	; ---- clear the character screen colors with the given color (leaves characters).
+	;      (assumes color matrix is at the default address)
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+	    rts
+        }}
+}
+
+sub color (ubyte txtcol) {
+    ; TODO
+}
+
+sub lowercase() {
+    ; TODO
+}
+
+sub uppercase() {
+    ; TODO
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_left  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A, Y)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character to the left
+	;      contents of the rightmost column are unchanged, you should clear/refill this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	;  TODO
+
+	%asm {{
+	    rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_right  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character to the right
+	;      contents of the leftmost column are unchanged, you should clear/refill this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+	    rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_up  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character up
+	;      contents of the bottom row are unchanged, you should refill/clear this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+	    rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_down  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character down
+	;      contents of the top row are unchanged, you should refill/clear this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+	    rts
+        }}
+}
+
+
+romsub $F2B0 = outchar(ubyte char @ A)
+romsub $F2Fd = waitkey()
+
+asmsub chrout(ubyte char @ A) {
+	%asm {{
+		sta  _tmp_outchar+1
+		pha
+		txa
+		pha
+		tya
+		pha
+_tmp_outchar
+		lda  #0
+		jsr  outchar
+		pla
+		tay
+		pla
+		tax
+		pla
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print (str text @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print null terminated string from A/Y
+	; note: the compiler contains an optimization that will replace
+	;       a call to this subroutine with a string argument of just one char,
+	;       by just one call to CHROUT of that single char.
+	%asm {{
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1),y
+		beq  +
+		jsr  chrout
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ub0  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in decimal form, with left padding 0s (3 positions total)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  chrout
+		pla
+		jsr  chrout
+		txa
+		jsr  chrout
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ub  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in decimal form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+_print_byte_digits
+		pha
+		cpy  #'0'
+		beq  +
+		tya
+		jsr  chrout
+		pla
+		jsr  chrout
+		jmp  _ones
++       pla
+        cmp  #'0'
+        beq  _ones
+        jsr  chrout
+_ones   txa
+		jsr  chrout
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_b  (byte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the byte in A in decimal form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		pha
+		cmp  #0
+		bpl  +
+		lda  #'-'
+		jsr  chrout
++		pla
+		jsr  conv.byte2decimal
+		jmp  print_ub._print_byte_digits
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ubhex  (ubyte value @ A, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in hex form (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '$' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		bcc  +
+		pha
+		lda  #'$'
+		jsr  chrout
+		pla
++		jsr  conv.ubyte2hex
+		jsr  chrout
+		tya
+		jsr  chrout
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ubbin  (ubyte value @ A, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in binary form (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '%' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		bcc  +
+		lda  #'%'
+		jsr  chrout
++		ldy  #8
+-		lda  #'0'
+		asl  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		bcc  +
+		lda  #'1'
++		jsr  chrout
+		dey
+		bne  -
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uwbin  (uword value @ AY, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in binary form (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '%' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  print_ubbin
+		pla
+		clc
+		jmp  print_ubbin
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uwhex  (uword value @ AY, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in hexadecimal form (4 digits)
+	;      (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '$' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  print_ubhex
+		pla
+		clc
+		jmp  print_ubhex
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uw0  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in decimal form, with left padding 0s (5 positions total)
+	%asm {{
+	    stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+        beq  +
+		jsr  chrout
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uw  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in decimal form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+	    stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+		beq  _allzero
+		cmp  #'0'
+		bne  _gotdigit
+		iny
+		bne  -
+
+_gotdigit
+		jsr  chrout
+		iny
+		lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+		bne  _gotdigit
+		rts
+_allzero
+        lda  #'0'
+        jmp  chrout
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_w  (word value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the (signed) word in A/Y in decimal form, without left padding 0's
+	%asm {{
+		cpy  #0
+		bpl  +
+		pha
+		lda  #'-'
+		jsr  chrout
+		tya
+		eor  #255
+		tay
+		pla
+		eor  #255
+		clc
+		adc  #1
+		bcc  +
+		iny
++		jmp  print_uw
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  input_chars  (uword buffer @ AY) clobbers(A) -> ubyte @ Y  {
+	; ---- Input a string (max. 80 chars) from the keyboard. Returns length in Y. (string is terminated with a 0 byte as well)
+	;      It assumes the keyboard is selected as I/O channel!
+	;  TODO
+
+	%asm {{
+	    ldy  #0
+	    rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  setchr  (ubyte col @X, ubyte row @Y, ubyte character @A) clobbers(A, Y)  {
+	; ---- sets the character in the screen matrix at the given position
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+        	rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  getchr  (ubyte col @A, ubyte row @Y) clobbers(Y) -> ubyte @ A {
+	; ---- get the character in the screen matrix at the given location
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+        	rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  setclr  (ubyte col @X, ubyte row @Y, ubyte color @A) clobbers(A, Y)  {
+	; ---- set the color in A on the screen matrix at the given position
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+        	rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  getclr  (ubyte col @A, ubyte row @Y) clobbers(Y) -> ubyte @ A {
+	; ---- get the color in the screen color matrix at the given location
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+        	rts
+        }}
+}
+
+sub  setcc  (ubyte column, ubyte row, ubyte char, ubyte charcolor)  {
+	; ---- set char+color at the given position on the screen
+	; TODO
+	%asm {{
+        	rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  plot  (ubyte col @ Y, ubyte row @ A) clobbers(A) {
+	; ---- set cursor at specific position
+	; TODO
+	%asm  {{
+	    rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub width() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @A {
+    ; -- returns the text screen width (number of columns)
+    ; TODO
+    %asm {{
+        lda  #0
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub height() clobbers(X, Y) -> ubyte @A {
+    ; -- returns the text screen height (number of rows)
+    ; TODO
+    %asm {{
+        lda  #0
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+}

compiler/res/prog8lib/c128/floats.asm

@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+; --- low level floating point assembly routines for the C128
+;     these are almost all identical to the C64 except for a few details
+;     so we have to have a separate library file for the C128 unfortunately.
+
+
+FL_ONE_const	.byte  129     			; 1.0
+FL_ZERO_const	.byte  0,0,0,0,0		; 0.0
+FL_LOG2_const	.byte  $80, $31, $72, $17, $f8	; log(2)
+
+
+floats_store_reg	.byte  0		; temp storage
+
+
+ub2float	.proc
+		; -- convert ubyte in SCRATCH_ZPB1 to float at address A/Y
+		;    clobbers A, Y
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		lda  #0
+		jsr  GIVAYF
+_fac_to_mem	ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		jsr  MOVMF
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+b2float		.proc
+		; -- convert byte in SCRATCH_ZPB1 to float at address A/Y
+		;    clobbers A, Y
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		jsr  FREADSA
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+uw2float	.proc
+		; -- convert uword in SCRATCH_ZPWORD1 to float at address A/Y
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		jsr  GIVUAYFAY
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+w2float		.proc
+		; -- convert word in SCRATCH_ZPWORD1 to float at address A/Y
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		jsr  GIVAYF
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+
+cast_from_uw	.proc
+		; -- uword in A/Y into float var at (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2)
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  GIVUAYFAY
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+
+cast_from_w	.proc
+		; -- word in A/Y into float var at (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2)
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  GIVAYFAY
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+
+cast_from_ub	.proc
+		; -- ubyte in Y into float var at (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2)
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FREADUY
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+
+cast_from_b	.proc
+		; -- byte in A into float var at (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2)
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FREADSA
+		jmp  ub2float._fac_to_mem
+		.pend
+
+cast_as_uw_into_ya	.proc               ; also used for float 2 ub
+		; -- cast float at A/Y to uword into Y/A
+		jsr  MOVFM
+		jmp  cast_FAC1_as_uw_into_ya
+		.pend
+
+cast_as_w_into_ay	.proc               ; also used for float 2 b
+		; -- cast float at A/Y to word into A/Y
+		jsr  MOVFM
+		jmp  cast_FAC1_as_w_into_ay
+		.pend
+
+cast_FAC1_as_uw_into_ya	.proc               ; also used for float 2 ub
+		; -- cast fac1 to uword into Y/A
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  GETADR     ; into Y/A
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+cast_FAC1_as_w_into_ay	.proc               ; also used for float 2 b
+		; -- cast fac1 to word into A/Y
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  AYINT
+		ldy  $66
+		lda  $67
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+
+stack_b2float	.proc
+		; -- b2float operating on the stack
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FREADSA
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+stack_w2float	.proc
+		; -- w2float operating on the stack
+		inx
+		ldy  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  GIVAYF
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+stack_ub2float	.proc
+		; -- ub2float operating on the stack
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		tay
+		lda  #0
+		jsr  GIVAYF
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+stack_uw2float	.proc
+		; -- uw2float operating on the stack
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		ldy  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  GIVUAYFAY
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+stack_float2w	.proc               ; also used for float2b
+		jsr  pop_float_fac1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  AYINT
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  $66
+		sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		lda  $67
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+stack_float2uw	.proc               ; also used for float2ub
+		jsr  pop_float_fac1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  GETADR
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		tya
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+push_float	.proc
+		; ---- push mflpt5 in A/Y onto stack
+		; (taking 3 stack positions = 6 bytes of which 1 is padding)
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		ldy  #0
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		dex
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		dex
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+pop_float	.proc
+		; ---- pops mflpt5 from stack to memory A/Y
+		; (frees 3 stack positions = 6 bytes of which 1 is padding)
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		ldy  #4
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		dey
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		dey
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		dey
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI,x
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		dey
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+pop_float_fac1	.proc
+		; -- pops float from stack into FAC1
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  pop_float
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jmp  MOVFM
+		.pend
+
+copy_float	.proc
+		; -- copies the 5 bytes of the mflt value pointed to by SCRATCH_ZPWORD1,
+		;    into the 5 bytes pointed to by A/Y.  Clobbers A,Y.
+		sta  _target+1
+		sty  _target+2
+		ldy  #4
+_loop		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+_target		sta  $ffff,y			; modified
+		dey
+		bpl  _loop
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+inc_var_f	.proc
+		; -- add 1 to float pointed to by A/Y
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  MOVFM
+		lda  #<FL_ONE_const
+		ldy  #>FL_ONE_const
+		jsr  FADD
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		jsr  MOVMF
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+dec_var_f	.proc
+		; -- subtract 1 from float pointed to by A/Y
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<FL_ONE_const
+		ldy  #>FL_ONE_const
+		jsr  MOVFM
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		jsr  FSUB
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		jsr  MOVMF
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+
+pop_2_floats_f2_in_fac1	.proc
+		; -- pop 2 floats from stack, load the second one in FAC1 as well
+		lda  #<fmath_float2
+		ldy  #>fmath_float2
+		jsr  pop_float
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  pop_float
+		lda  #<fmath_float2
+		ldy  #>fmath_float2
+		jmp  MOVFM
+		.pend
+
+
+fmath_float1	.byte 0,0,0,0,0	; storage for a mflpt5 value
+fmath_float2	.byte 0,0,0,0,0	; storage for a mflpt5 value
+
+
+push_fac1	.proc
+		; -- push the float in FAC1 onto the stack
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+_internal	ldx  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  MOVMF
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jmp  push_float
+		.pend
+
+
+pow_f		.proc
+		; -- push f1 ** f2 on stack
+		lda  #<fmath_float2
+		ldy  #>fmath_float2
+		jsr  pop_float
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  pop_float
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  ROMUPK		; fac2 = float1
+		lda  #<fmath_float2
+		ldy  #>fmath_float2
+		jsr  FPWR
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+div_f		.proc
+		; -- push f1/f2 on stack
+		jsr  pop_2_floats_f2_in_fac1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  FDIV
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+add_f		.proc
+		; -- push f1+f2 on stack
+		jsr  pop_2_floats_f2_in_fac1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  FADD
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+sub_f		.proc
+		; -- push f1-f2 on stack
+		jsr  pop_2_floats_f2_in_fac1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  FSUB
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+mul_f		.proc
+		; -- push f1*f2 on stack
+		jsr  pop_2_floats_f2_in_fac1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  FMULT
+		jmp  push_fac1._internal
+		.pend
+
+neg_f		.proc
+		; -- toggle the sign bit on the stack
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI+3,x
+		eor  #$80
+		sta  P8ESTACK_HI+3,x
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+var_fac1_less_f	.proc
+		; -- is the float in FAC1 < the variable AY?
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		cmp  #255
+		beq  +
+		lda  #0
+		rts
++		lda  #1
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+var_fac1_lesseq_f	.proc
+		; -- is the float in FAC1 <= the variable AY?
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		cmp  #0
+		beq  +
+		cmp  #255
+		beq  +
+		lda  #0
+		rts
++		lda  #1
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+var_fac1_greater_f	.proc
+		; -- is the float in FAC1 > the variable AY?
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		cmp  #1
+		beq  +
+		lda  #0
+		rts
++		lda  #1
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+var_fac1_greatereq_f	.proc
+		; -- is the float in FAC1 >= the variable AY?
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		cmp  #0
+		beq  +
+		cmp  #1
+		beq  +
+		lda  #0
+		rts
++		lda  #1
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+var_fac1_notequal_f	.proc
+		; -- are the floats numbers in FAC1 and the variable AY *not* identical?
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		and  #1
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+vars_equal_f	.proc
+		; -- are the mflpt5 numbers in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1 and AY identical?
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		ldy  #0
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bne  _false
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bne  _false
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bne  _false
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bne  _false
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bne  _false
+		lda  #1
+		rts
+_false		lda  #0
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+equal_f		.proc
+		; -- are the two mflpt5 numbers on the stack identical?
+		inx
+		inx
+		inx
+		inx
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO-3,x
+		cmp  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		bne  _equals_false
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO-2,x
+		cmp  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		bne  _equals_false
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO-1,x
+		cmp  P8ESTACK_LO+2,x
+		bne  _equals_false
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI-2,x
+		cmp  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		bne  _equals_false
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI-1,x
+		cmp  P8ESTACK_HI+2,x
+		bne  _equals_false
+_equals_true	lda  #1
+_equals_store	inx
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		rts
+_equals_false	lda  #0
+		beq  _equals_store
+		.pend
+
+notequal_f	.proc
+		; -- are the two mflpt5 numbers on the stack different?
+		jsr  equal_f
+		eor  #1		; invert the result
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+vars_less_f	.proc
+		; -- is float in AY < float in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2 ?
+		jsr  MOVFM
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		cmp  #255
+		bne  +
+		lda  #1
+		rts
++		lda  #0
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+vars_lesseq_f	.proc
+		; -- is float in AY <= float in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2 ?
+		jsr  MOVFM
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		cmp  #255
+		bne  +
+-		lda  #1
+		rts
++		cmp  #0
+		beq  -
+		lda  #0
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+less_f		.proc
+		; -- is f1 < f2?
+		jsr  compare_floats
+		cmp  #255
+		beq  compare_floats._return_true
+		bne  compare_floats._return_false
+		.pend
+
+
+lesseq_f	.proc
+		; -- is f1 <= f2?
+		jsr  compare_floats
+		cmp  #255
+		beq  compare_floats._return_true
+		cmp  #0
+		beq  compare_floats._return_true
+		bne  compare_floats._return_false
+		.pend
+
+greater_f	.proc
+		; -- is f1 > f2?
+		jsr  compare_floats
+		cmp  #1
+		beq  compare_floats._return_true
+		bne  compare_floats._return_false
+		.pend
+
+greatereq_f	.proc
+		; -- is f1 >= f2?
+		jsr  compare_floats
+		cmp  #1
+		beq  compare_floats._return_true
+		cmp  #0
+		beq  compare_floats._return_true
+		bne  compare_floats._return_false
+		.pend
+
+compare_floats	.proc
+		lda  #<fmath_float2
+		ldy  #>fmath_float2
+		jsr  pop_float
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  pop_float
+		lda  #<fmath_float1
+		ldy  #>fmath_float1
+		jsr  MOVFM		; fac1 = flt1
+		lda  #<fmath_float2
+		ldy  #>fmath_float2
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  FCOMP		; A = flt1 compared with flt2 (0=equal, 1=flt1>flt2, 255=flt1<flt2)
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+_return_false	lda  #0
+_return_result  sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+_return_true	lda  #1
+		bne  _return_result
+		.pend
+
+set_array_float_from_fac1	.proc
+		; -- set the float in FAC1 in the array (index in A, array in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1)
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		asl  a
+		asl  a
+		clc
+		adc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		clc
+		adc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		bcc  +
+		iny
++		stx  floats_store_reg
+		tax
+		jsr  MOVMF
+		ldx  floats_store_reg
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+
+set_0_array_float	.proc
+		; -- set a float in an array to zero (index in A, array in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1)
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		asl  a
+		asl  a
+		clc
+		adc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		tay
+		lda  #0
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		iny
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		iny
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		iny
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		iny
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+
+set_array_float		.proc
+		; -- set a float in an array to a value (index in A, float in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1, array in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2)
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		asl  a
+		asl  a
+		clc
+		adc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		adc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		bcc  +
+		iny
++		jmp  copy_float
+			; -- copies the 5 bytes of the mflt value pointed to by SCRATCH_ZPWORD1,
+			;    into the 5 bytes pointed to by A/Y.  Clobbers A,Y.
+		.pend
+
+

compiler/res/prog8lib/c128/floats.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+; Prog8 definitions for floating point handling on the Commodore 128
+;
+; Written by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net) - license: GNU GPL 3.0
+
+%option enable_floats
+
+floats {
+	; ---- this block contains C-128 compatible floating point related functions ----
+
+        const float  PI     = 3.141592653589793
+        const float  TWOPI  = 6.283185307179586
+
+
+; ---- ROM float functions ----
+
+		; note: the fac1 and fac2 are working registers and take 6 bytes each,
+		; floats in memory  (and rom) are stored in 5-byte MFLPT packed format.
+
+; note: fac1/2 might get clobbered even if not mentioned in the function's name.
+; note: for subtraction and division, the left operand is in fac2, the right operand in fac1.
+
+romsub $af00 = AYINT() clobbers(A,X,Y)          ; fac1-> signed word in 102-103 ($66-$67) MSB FIRST. (might throw ILLEGAL QUANTITY)
+
+; GIVAYF: signed word in Y/A (note different lsb/msb order) -> float in fac1
+; there is also floats.GIVUAYFAY - unsigned word in A/Y (lo/hi) to fac1
+; (tip: use GIVAYFAY to use A/Y input; lo/hi switched to normal order)
+romsub $af03 = GIVAYF(ubyte lo @ Y, ubyte hi @ A) clobbers(A,X,Y)
+romsub $af09 = VAL(ubyte length @ A) clobbers(A,X,Y)       ; str -> fac1, $24/25 must point to string in bank1, A=string length   Don't call this from bank0
+
+; fac1 -> unsigned word in Y/A (might throw ILLEGAL QUANTITY) (result also in $16/17)
+; (tip: use GETADRAY to get A/Y output; lo/hi switched to normal little endian order)
+romsub $af0c = GETADR() clobbers(X) -> ubyte @ Y, ubyte @ A
+
+romsub $af12 = FSUB(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)       ; fac1 = mflpt from A/Y - fac1
+romsub $af15 = FSUBT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                      ; fac1 = fac2-fac1   mind the order of the operands
+romsub $af18 = FADD(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)       ; fac1 += mflpt value from A/Y in bank 1
+romsub $af1b = FADDT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                      ; fac1 += fac2
+romsub $af2a = LOG() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = LN(fac1)  (natural log)
+romsub $af1e = FMULT(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)      ; fac1 *= mflpt value from A/Y
+romsub $af21 = FMULTT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                     ; fac1 *= fac2
+romsub $af5a = CONUPK(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)     ; load mflpt value from memory bank 1  in A/Y into fac2
+romsub $af5d = ROMUPK(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)     ; load mflpt value from memory in current bank in A/Y into fac2
+romsub $af24 = FDIV(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)       ; fac1 = mflpt in A/Y / fac1  (remainder in fac2)
+romsub $af27 = FDIVT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                      ; fac1 = fac2/fac1  (remainder in fac2)  mind the order of the operands
+
+romsub $af63 = MOVFM(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)      ; load mflpt value from memory  in A/Y into fac1
+romsub $af60 = MOVFRM() clobbers(A,X,Y)                     ; load mflpt value from memory  in $24/$25 into fac2
+romsub $af66 = MOVMF(uword mflpt @ XY) clobbers(A,X,Y)      ; store fac1 to memory  X/Y as 5-byte mflpt
+romsub $af69 = MOVFA() clobbers(A,X)                        ; copy fac2 to fac1
+romsub $af6c = MOVAF() clobbers(A,X)                        ; copy fac1 to fac2
+romsub $af6c = MOVEF() clobbers(A,X)                        ; copy fac1 to fac2
+romsub $af51 = SIGN() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @ A            ; SIGN(fac1) to A, $ff, $0, $1 for negative, zero, positive
+romsub $af4e = ABS() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = ABS(fac1)
+romsub $af54 = FCOMP(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @ A   ; A = compare fac1 to mflpt in A/Y, 0=equal 1=fac1 is greater, 255=fac1 is less than
+romsub $af2d = INT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; INT() truncates, use FADDH first to round instead of trunc
+romsub $af06 = FOUT() clobbers(X) -> uword @ AY             ; fac1 -> string, address returned in AY ($0100)
+romsub $af30 = SQR() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = SQRT(fac1)
+romsub $af36 = FPWR(uword mflpt @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)       ; fac1 = fac2 ** mflpt from A/Y
+romsub $af39 = FPWRT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                      ; fac1 = fac2 ** fac1
+romsub $af33 = NEGOP() clobbers(A)                          ; switch the sign of fac1 (fac1 = -fac1)
+romsub $af3c = EXP() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = EXP(fac1)  (e ** fac1)
+romsub $af57 = RND() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = RND(fac1) float random number generator
+romsub $af3f = COS() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = COS(fac1)
+romsub $af42 = SIN() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = SIN(fac1)
+romsub $af45 = TAN() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = TAN(fac1)
+romsub $af48 = ATN() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; fac1 = ATN(fac1)
+
+
+asmsub  FREADSA  (byte value @A) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+    ; ---- 8 bit signed A -> float in fac1
+    %asm {{
+        tay
+        bpl  +
+        lda  #$ff
+        jmp  GIVAYF
++       lda  #0
+        jmp  GIVAYF
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  GIVUAYFAY  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)  {
+	; ---- unsigned 16 bit word in A/Y (lo/hi) to fac1
+	%asm {{
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+            sta  _tmp
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            tya
+            ldy  _tmp
+            jsr  GIVAYF                 ; load it as signed... correct afterwards
+            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            bpl  +
+            lda  #<_flt65536
+            ldy  #>_flt65536
+            jsr  ROMUPK
+            jsr  FADDT
++           ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+            rts
+_tmp        .byte 0
+_flt65536   .byte 145,0,0,0,0       ; 65536.0
+	}}
+}
+
+
+asmsub  GIVAYFAY  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)  {
+	; ---- signed 16 bit word in A/Y (lo/hi) to float in fac1
+	%asm {{
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		tya
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		jmp  GIVAYF		; this uses the inverse order, Y/A
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  GETADRAY  () clobbers(X) -> uword @ AY  {
+	; ---- fac1 to unsigned word in A/Y
+	%asm {{
+		jsr  GETADR		; this uses the inverse order, Y/A
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		tya
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  FREADUY (ubyte value @Y) {
+    ; -- 8 bit unsigned Y -> float in fac1
+    %asm {{
+        lda  #0
+        jmp  GIVAYF
+    }}
+}
+
+sub  print_f  (float value) {
+	; ---- prints the floating point value (without a newline).
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  #<value
+		ldy  #>value
+		jsr  MOVFM		; load float into fac1
+		jsr  FOUT		; fac1 to string in A/Y
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		beq  +
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+%asminclude "library:c128/floats.asm"
+%asminclude "library:c64/floats_funcs.asm"
+
+}

compiler/res/prog8lib/c128/graphics.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+%import syslib
+%import textio
+
+; Bitmap pixel graphics module for the Commodore 128
+
+; TODO c128 actually implement the graphics routines. Ideally a way to 'borrow' the code form the C64 version without just copy-pasting that here?
+
+graphics {
+    const uword WIDTH = 320
+    const ubyte HEIGHT = 200
+
+    sub enable_bitmap_mode() {
+        ; enable bitmap screen, erase it and set colors to black/white.
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub disable_bitmap_mode() {
+        ; enables text mode, erase the text screen, color white
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+
+    sub clear_screen(ubyte pixelcolor, ubyte bgcolor) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub line(uword @zp x1, ubyte @zp y1, uword @zp x2, ubyte @zp y2) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub fillrect(uword x, uword y, uword width, uword height) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub rect(uword x, uword y, uword width, uword height) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub horizontal_line(uword x, uword y, uword length) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub vertical_line(uword x, uword y, uword height) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub circle(uword xcenter, ubyte ycenter, ubyte radius) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    sub disc(uword xcenter, ubyte ycenter, ubyte radius) {
+        ; TODO
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub  plot(uword plotx @R0, uword ploty @R1) clobbers(A, X, Y) {
+        %asm {{
+            nop     ; TODO
+        }}
+    }
+}

compiler/res/prog8lib/c128/syslib.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,798 @@
+; Prog8 definitions for the Commodore-128
+; Including memory registers, I/O registers, Basic and Kernal subroutines.
+;
+; Written by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net) - license: GNU GPL 3.0
+;
+
+c64 {
+
+        &ubyte  TIME_HI         = $a0       ; software jiffy clock, hi byte
+        &ubyte  TIME_MID        = $a1       ;  .. mid byte
+        &ubyte  TIME_LO         = $a2       ;    .. lo byte. Updated by IRQ every 1/60 sec
+        &ubyte  STATUS          = $90       ; kernal status variable for I/O
+        &ubyte  STKEY           = $91       ; various keyboard statuses (updated by IRQ)
+        ;;&ubyte  SFDX            = $cb       ; current key pressed (matrix value) (updated by IRQ)     // TODO c128 ??
+
+        &ubyte  COLOR           = $00f1     ; cursor color
+        ;;&ubyte  HIBASE          = $0288     ; screen base address / 256 (hi-byte of screen memory address)        // TODO c128 ??
+        &uword  CINV            = $0314     ; IRQ vector (in ram)
+        &uword  CBINV           = $0316     ; BRK vector (in ram)
+        &uword  NMINV           = $0318     ; NMI vector (in ram)
+        &uword  NMI_VEC         = $FFFA     ; 6502 nmi vector, determined by the kernal if banked in
+        &uword  RESET_VEC       = $FFFC     ; 6502 reset vector, determined by the kernal if banked in
+        &uword  IRQ_VEC         = $FFFE     ; 6502 interrupt vector, determined by the kernal if banked in
+
+        ; the default addresses for the character screen chars and colors
+        const  uword  Screen    = $0400     ; to have this as an array[40*25] the compiler would have to support array size > 255
+        const  uword  Colors    = $d800     ; to have this as an array[40*25] the compiler would have to support array size > 255
+
+        ; the default locations of the 8 sprite pointers (store address of sprite / 64)
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR0         = 2040
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR1         = 2041
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR2         = 2042
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR3         = 2043
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR4         = 2044
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR5         = 2045
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR6         = 2046
+        &ubyte  SPRPTR7         = 2047
+        &ubyte[8]  SPRPTR       = 2040      ; the 8 sprite pointers as an array.
+
+
+; ---- VIC-II 6567/6569/856x registers ----
+
+        &ubyte  SP0X            = $d000
+        &ubyte  SP0Y            = $d001
+        &ubyte  SP1X            = $d002
+        &ubyte  SP1Y            = $d003
+        &ubyte  SP2X            = $d004
+        &ubyte  SP2Y            = $d005
+        &ubyte  SP3X            = $d006
+        &ubyte  SP3Y            = $d007
+        &ubyte  SP4X            = $d008
+        &ubyte  SP4Y            = $d009
+        &ubyte  SP5X            = $d00a
+        &ubyte  SP5Y            = $d00b
+        &ubyte  SP6X            = $d00c
+        &ubyte  SP6Y            = $d00d
+        &ubyte  SP7X            = $d00e
+        &ubyte  SP7Y            = $d00f
+        &ubyte[16]  SPXY        = $d000        ; the 8 sprite X and Y registers as an array.
+        &uword[8]  SPXYW        = $d000        ; the 8 sprite X and Y registers as a combined xy word array.
+
+        &ubyte  MSIGX           = $d010
+        &ubyte  SCROLY          = $d011
+        &ubyte  RASTER          = $d012
+        &ubyte  LPENX           = $d013
+        &ubyte  LPENY           = $d014
+        &ubyte  SPENA           = $d015
+        &ubyte  SCROLX          = $d016
+        &ubyte  YXPAND          = $d017
+        &ubyte  VMCSB           = $d018
+        &ubyte  VICIRQ          = $d019
+        &ubyte  IREQMASK        = $d01a
+        &ubyte  SPBGPR          = $d01b
+        &ubyte  SPMC            = $d01c
+        &ubyte  XXPAND          = $d01d
+        &ubyte  SPSPCL          = $d01e
+        &ubyte  SPBGCL          = $d01f
+
+        &ubyte  EXTCOL          = $d020        ; border color
+        &ubyte  BGCOL0          = $d021        ; screen color
+        &ubyte  BGCOL1          = $d022
+        &ubyte  BGCOL2          = $d023
+        &ubyte  BGCOL4          = $d024
+        &ubyte  SPMC0           = $d025
+        &ubyte  SPMC1           = $d026
+        &ubyte  SP0COL          = $d027
+        &ubyte  SP1COL          = $d028
+        &ubyte  SP2COL          = $d029
+        &ubyte  SP3COL          = $d02a
+        &ubyte  SP4COL          = $d02b
+        &ubyte  SP5COL          = $d02c
+        &ubyte  SP6COL          = $d02d
+        &ubyte  SP7COL          = $d02e
+        &ubyte[8]  SPCOL        = $d027
+
+
+; ---- end of VIC-II registers ----
+
+; ---- CIA 6526 1 & 2 registers ----
+
+        &ubyte  CIA1PRA         = $DC00        ; CIA 1 DRA, keyboard column drive (and joystick control port #2)
+        &ubyte  CIA1PRB         = $DC01        ; CIA 1 DRB, keyboard row port (and joystick control port #1)
+        &ubyte  CIA1DDRA        = $DC02        ; CIA 1 DDRA, keyboard column
+        &ubyte  CIA1DDRB        = $DC03        ; CIA 1 DDRB, keyboard row
+        &ubyte  CIA1TAL         = $DC04        ; CIA 1 timer A low byte
+        &ubyte  CIA1TAH         = $DC05        ; CIA 1 timer A high byte
+        &ubyte  CIA1TBL         = $DC06        ; CIA 1 timer B low byte
+        &ubyte  CIA1TBH         = $DC07        ; CIA 1 timer B high byte
+        &ubyte  CIA1TOD10       = $DC08        ; time of day, 1/10 sec.
+        &ubyte  CIA1TODSEC      = $DC09        ; time of day, seconds
+        &ubyte  CIA1TODMMIN     = $DC0A        ; time of day, minutes
+        &ubyte  CIA1TODHR       = $DC0B        ; time of day, hours
+        &ubyte  CIA1SDR         = $DC0C        ; Serial Data Register
+        &ubyte  CIA1ICR         = $DC0D
+        &ubyte  CIA1CRA         = $DC0E
+        &ubyte  CIA1CRB         = $DC0F
+
+        &ubyte  CIA2PRA         = $DD00        ; CIA 2 DRA, serial port and video address
+        &ubyte  CIA2PRB         = $DD01        ; CIA 2 DRB, RS232 port / USERPORT
+        &ubyte  CIA2DDRA        = $DD02        ; CIA 2 DDRA, serial port and video address
+        &ubyte  CIA2DDRB        = $DD03        ; CIA 2 DDRB, RS232 port / USERPORT
+        &ubyte  CIA2TAL         = $DD04        ; CIA 2 timer A low byte
+        &ubyte  CIA2TAH         = $DD05        ; CIA 2 timer A high byte
+        &ubyte  CIA2TBL         = $DD06        ; CIA 2 timer B low byte
+        &ubyte  CIA2TBH         = $DD07        ; CIA 2 timer B high byte
+        &ubyte  CIA2TOD10       = $DD08        ; time of day, 1/10 sec.
+        &ubyte  CIA2TODSEC      = $DD09        ; time of day, seconds
+        &ubyte  CIA2TODMIN      = $DD0A        ; time of day, minutes
+        &ubyte  CIA2TODHR       = $DD0B        ; time of day, hours
+        &ubyte  CIA2SDR         = $DD0C        ; Serial Data Register
+        &ubyte  CIA2ICR         = $DD0D
+        &ubyte  CIA2CRA         = $DD0E
+        &ubyte  CIA2CRB         = $DD0F
+
+; ---- end of CIA registers ----
+
+; ---- SID 6581/8580 registers ----
+
+        &ubyte  FREQLO1         = $D400        ; channel 1 freq lo
+        &ubyte  FREQHI1         = $D401        ; channel 1 freq hi
+        &uword  FREQ1           = $D400        ; channel 1 freq (word)
+        &ubyte  PWLO1           = $D402        ; channel 1 pulse width lo (7-0)
+        &ubyte  PWHI1           = $D403        ; channel 1 pulse width hi (11-8)
+        &uword  PW1             = $D402        ; channel 1 pulse width (word)
+        &ubyte  CR1             = $D404        ; channel 1 voice control register
+        &ubyte  AD1             = $D405        ; channel 1 attack & decay
+        &ubyte  SR1             = $D406        ; channel 1 sustain & release
+        &ubyte  FREQLO2         = $D407        ; channel 2 freq lo
+        &ubyte  FREQHI2         = $D408        ; channel 2 freq hi
+        &uword  FREQ2           = $D407        ; channel 2 freq (word)
+        &ubyte  PWLO2           = $D409        ; channel 2 pulse width lo (7-0)
+        &ubyte  PWHI2           = $D40A        ; channel 2 pulse width hi (11-8)
+        &uword  PW2             = $D409        ; channel 2 pulse width (word)
+        &ubyte  CR2             = $D40B        ; channel 2 voice control register
+        &ubyte  AD2             = $D40C        ; channel 2 attack & decay
+        &ubyte  SR2             = $D40D        ; channel 2 sustain & release
+        &ubyte  FREQLO3         = $D40E        ; channel 3 freq lo
+        &ubyte  FREQHI3         = $D40F        ; channel 3 freq hi
+        &uword  FREQ3           = $D40E        ; channel 3 freq (word)
+        &ubyte  PWLO3           = $D410        ; channel 3 pulse width lo (7-0)
+        &ubyte  PWHI3           = $D411        ; channel 3 pulse width hi (11-8)
+        &uword  PW3             = $D410        ; channel 3 pulse width (word)
+        &ubyte  CR3             = $D412        ; channel 3 voice control register
+        &ubyte  AD3             = $D413        ; channel 3 attack & decay
+        &ubyte  SR3             = $D414        ; channel 3 sustain & release
+        &ubyte  FCLO            = $D415        ; filter cutoff lo (2-0)
+        &ubyte  FCHI            = $D416        ; filter cutoff hi (10-3)
+        &uword  FC              = $D415        ; filter cutoff (word)
+        &ubyte  RESFILT         = $D417        ; filter resonance and routing
+        &ubyte  MVOL            = $D418        ; filter mode and main volume control
+        &ubyte  POTX            = $D419        ; potentiometer X
+        &ubyte  POTY            = $D41A        ; potentiometer Y
+        &ubyte  OSC3            = $D41B        ; channel 3 oscillator value read
+        &ubyte  ENV3            = $D41C        ; channel 3 envelope value read
+
+    ; ---- end of SID registers ----
+
+; ---- kernal routines, these are the same as on the Commodore-64 (hence the same block name) ----
+
+; STROUT --> use txt.print
+; CLEARSCR -> use txt.clear_screen
+; HOMECRSR -> use txt.home or txt.plot
+
+romsub $FA65 = IRQDFRT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                        ; default IRQ routine
+romsub $FF33 = IRQDFEND() clobbers(A,X,Y)                       ; default IRQ end/cleanup
+
+; TODO c128 a bunch of kernal routines are missing here that are specific to the c128
+
+romsub $FF81 = CINT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                           ; (alias: SCINIT) initialize screen editor and video chip
+romsub $FF84 = IOINIT() clobbers(A, X)                          ; initialize I/O devices (CIA, SID, IRQ)
+romsub $FF87 = RAMTAS() clobbers(A,X,Y)                         ; initialize RAM, tape buffer, screen
+romsub $FF8A = RESTOR() clobbers(A,X,Y)                         ; restore default I/O vectors
+romsub $FF8D = VECTOR(uword userptr @ XY, ubyte dir @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)     ; read/set I/O vector table
+romsub $FF90 = SETMSG(ubyte value @ A)                          ; set Kernal message control flag
+romsub $FF93 = SECOND(ubyte address @ A) clobbers(A)            ; (alias: LSTNSA) send secondary address after LISTEN
+romsub $FF96 = TKSA(ubyte address @ A) clobbers(A)              ; (alias: TALKSA) send secondary address after TALK
+romsub $FF99 = MEMTOP(uword address @ XY, ubyte dir @ Pc) -> uword @ XY     ; read/set top of memory  pointer
+romsub $FF9C = MEMBOT(uword address @ XY, ubyte dir @ Pc) -> uword @ XY     ; read/set bottom of memory  pointer
+romsub $FF9F = SCNKEY() clobbers(A,X,Y)                         ; scan the keyboard
+romsub $FFA2 = SETTMO(ubyte timeout @ A)                        ; set time-out flag for IEEE bus
+romsub $FFA5 = ACPTR() -> ubyte @ A                             ; (alias: IECIN) input byte from serial bus
+romsub $FFA8 = CIOUT(ubyte databyte @ A)                        ; (alias: IECOUT) output byte to serial bus
+romsub $FFAB = UNTLK() clobbers(A)                              ; command serial bus device to UNTALK
+romsub $FFAE = UNLSN() clobbers(A)                              ; command serial bus device to UNLISTEN
+romsub $FFB1 = LISTEN(ubyte device @ A) clobbers(A)             ; command serial bus device to LISTEN
+romsub $FFB4 = TALK(ubyte device @ A) clobbers(A)               ; command serial bus device to TALK
+romsub $FFB7 = READST() -> ubyte @ A                            ; read I/O status word
+romsub $FFBA = SETLFS(ubyte logical @ A, ubyte device @ X, ubyte secondary @ Y)   ; set logical file parameters
+romsub $FFBD = SETNAM(ubyte namelen @ A, str filename @ XY)     ; set filename parameters
+romsub $FFC0 = OPEN() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @A      ; (via 794 ($31A)) open a logical file
+romsub $FFC3 = CLOSE(ubyte logical @ A) clobbers(A,X,Y)         ; (via 796 ($31C)) close a logical file
+romsub $FFC6 = CHKIN(ubyte logical @ X) clobbers(A,X) -> ubyte @Pc    ; (via 798 ($31E)) define an input channel
+romsub $FFC9 = CHKOUT(ubyte logical @ X) clobbers(A,X)          ; (via 800 ($320)) define an output channel
+romsub $FFCC = CLRCHN() clobbers(A,X)                           ; (via 802 ($322)) restore default devices
+romsub $FFCF = CHRIN() clobbers(X, Y) -> ubyte @ A   ; (via 804 ($324)) input a character (for keyboard, read a whole line from the screen) A=byte read.
+romsub $FFD2 = CHROUT(ubyte char @ A)                           ; (via 806 ($326)) output a character
+romsub $FFD5 = LOAD(ubyte verify @ A, uword address @ XY) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @ A, uword @ XY     ; (via 816 ($330)) load from device
+romsub $FFD8 = SAVE(ubyte zp_startaddr @ A, uword endaddr @ XY) -> ubyte @ Pc, ubyte @ A          ; (via 818 ($332)) save to a device
+romsub $FFDB = SETTIM(ubyte low @ A, ubyte middle @ X, ubyte high @ Y)      ; set the software clock
+romsub $FFDE = RDTIM() -> ubyte @ A, ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y       ; read the software clock (A=lo,X=mid,Y=high)
+romsub $FFE1 = STOP() clobbers(X) -> ubyte @ Pz, ubyte @ A      ; (via 808 ($328)) check the STOP key (and some others in A)
+romsub $FFE4 = GETIN() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @ A    ; (via 810 ($32A)) get a character
+romsub $FFE7 = CLALL() clobbers(A,X)                            ; (via 812 ($32C)) close all files
+romsub $FFEA = UDTIM() clobbers(A,X)                            ; update the software clock
+romsub $FFED = SCREEN() -> ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y                 ; read number of screen rows and columns
+romsub $FFF0 = PLOT(ubyte col @ Y, ubyte row @ X, ubyte dir @ Pc) -> ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y       ; read/set position of cursor on screen.  Use txt.plot for a 'safe' wrapper that preserves X.
+romsub $FFF3 = IOBASE() -> uword @ XY                           ; read base address of I/O devices
+
+; ---- end of C64 compatible ROM kernal routines ----
+
+; ---- utilities -----
+
+asmsub STOP2() -> ubyte @A  {
+    ; -- check if STOP key was pressed, returns true if so.  More convenient to use than STOP() because that only sets the carry status flag.
+    %asm {{
+        txa
+        pha
+        jsr  c64.STOP
+        beq  +
+        pla
+        tax
+        lda  #0
+        rts
++       pla
+        tax
+        lda  #1
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub RDTIM16() -> uword @AY {
+    ; --  like RDTIM() but only returning the lower 16 bits in AY for convenience
+    %asm {{
+        stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+        jsr  c64.RDTIM
+        pha
+        txa
+        tay
+        pla
+        ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+
+; ---- system utility routines that are essentially the same as on the C64: -----
+asmsub  disable_runstop_and_charsetswitch() clobbers(A) {
+    %asm {{
+        lda  #$80
+        sta  247    ; disable charset switching
+        lda  #112
+        sta  808    ; disable run/stop key
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  set_irq(uword handler @AY, ubyte useKernal @Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	%asm {{
+	        sta  _modified+1
+	        sty  _modified+2
+	        lda  #0
+	        adc  #0
+	        sta  _use_kernal
+		sei
+		lda  #<_irq_handler
+		sta  c64.CINV
+		lda  #>_irq_handler
+		sta  c64.CINV+1
+		cli
+		rts
+_irq_handler    jsr  _irq_handler_init
+_modified	jsr  $ffff                      ; modified
+		jsr  _irq_handler_end
+		lda  _use_kernal
+		bne  +
+		lda  #$ff
+		sta  c64.VICIRQ			; acknowledge raster irq
+		lda  c64.CIA1ICR		; acknowledge CIA1 interrupt
+		; end irq processing - don't use kernal's irq handling
+		pla
+		tay
+		pla
+		tax
+		pla
+		rti
++		jmp  c64.IRQDFRT		; continue with normal kernal irq routine
+
+_use_kernal     .byte  0
+
+_irq_handler_init
+		; save all zp scratch registers and the X register as these might be clobbered by the irq routine
+		stx  IRQ_X_REG
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		sta  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPB1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPREG
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sta  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		sta  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD1+1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sta  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD2
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		sta  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD2+1
+		; stack protector; make sure we don't clobber the top of the evaluation stack
+		dex
+		dex
+		dex
+		dex
+		dex
+		dex
+		cld
+		rts
+
+_irq_handler_end
+		; restore all zp scratch registers and the X register
+		lda  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPB1
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		lda  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPREG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		lda  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD1
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		lda  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD1+1
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		lda  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD2
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		lda  IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD2+1
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		ldx  IRQ_X_REG
+		rts
+
+IRQ_X_REG		.byte  0
+IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPB1	.byte  0
+IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPREG	.byte  0
+IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD1	.word  0
+IRQ_SCRATCH_ZPWORD2	.word  0
+
+		}}
+}
+
+asmsub  restore_irq() clobbers(A) {
+	%asm {{
+		sei
+		lda  #<c64.IRQDFRT
+		sta  c64.CINV
+		lda  #>c64.IRQDFRT
+		sta  c64.CINV+1
+		lda  #0
+		sta  c64.IREQMASK	; disable raster irq
+		lda  #%10000001
+		sta  c64.CIA1ICR	; restore CIA1 irq
+		cli
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  set_rasterirq(uword handler @AY, uword rasterpos @R0, ubyte useKernal @Pc) clobbers(A) {
+	%asm {{
+	        sta  _modified+1
+	        sty  _modified+2
+	        lda  #0
+	        adc  #0
+	        sta  set_irq._use_kernal
+		lda  cx16.r0
+		ldy  cx16.r0+1
+		sei
+		jsr  _setup_raster_irq
+		lda  #<_raster_irq_handler
+		sta  c64.CINV
+		lda  #>_raster_irq_handler
+		sta  c64.CINV+1
+		cli
+		rts
+
+_raster_irq_handler
+		jsr  set_irq._irq_handler_init
+_modified	jsr  $ffff              ; modified
+		jsr  set_irq._irq_handler_end
+                lda  #$ff
+                sta  c64.VICIRQ			; acknowledge raster irq
+		lda  set_irq._use_kernal
+		bne  +
+		; end irq processing - don't use kernal's irq handling
+		pla
+		tay
+		pla
+		tax
+		pla
+		rti
++		jmp  c64.IRQDFRT                ; continue with kernal irq routine
+
+_setup_raster_irq
+		pha
+		lda  #%01111111
+		sta  c64.CIA1ICR    ; "switch off" interrupts signals from cia-1
+		sta  c64.CIA2ICR    ; "switch off" interrupts signals from cia-2
+		and  c64.SCROLY
+		sta  c64.SCROLY     ; clear most significant bit of raster position
+		lda  c64.CIA1ICR    ; ack previous irq
+		lda  c64.CIA2ICR    ; ack previous irq
+		pla
+		sta  c64.RASTER     ; set the raster line number where interrupt should occur
+		cpy  #0
+		beq  +
+		lda  c64.SCROLY
+		ora  #%10000000
+		sta  c64.SCROLY     ; set most significant bit of raster position
++		lda  #%00000001
+		sta  c64.IREQMASK   ;enable raster interrupt signals from vic
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+}
+
+c128 {
+; ---- C128 specific registers ----
+
+    &ubyte  VM1     = $0A2C         ; shadow for VUC $d018 in text mode
+    &ubyte  VM2     = $0A2D         ; shadow for VIC $d018 in bitmap screen mode
+    &ubyte  VM3     = $0A2E         ; starting page for VDC screen mem
+    &ubyte  VM4     = $0A2F         ; starting page for VDC attribute mem
+
+
+; ---- C128 specific system utility routines: ----
+
+asmsub  init_system()  {
+    ; Initializes the machine to a sane starting state.
+    ; Called automatically by the loader program logic.
+    ; This means that the BASIC, KERNAL and CHARGEN ROMs are banked in,
+    ; the VIC, SID and CIA chips are reset, screen is cleared, and the default IRQ is set.
+    ; Also a different color scheme is chosen to identify ourselves a little.
+    ; Uppercase charset is activated, and all three registers set to 0, status flags cleared.
+    %asm {{
+        sei
+        cld
+        ;;lda  #%00101111                     ; TODO c128 ram and rom bank selection how?
+        ;;sta  $00
+        ;;lda  #%00100111
+        ;;sta  $01
+        jsr  c64.IOINIT
+        jsr  c64.RESTOR
+        jsr  c64.CINT
+        lda  #6
+        sta  c64.EXTCOL
+        lda  #7
+        sta  c64.COLOR
+        lda  #0
+        sta  c64.BGCOL0
+        jsr  c64.disable_runstop_and_charsetswitch
+        clc
+        clv
+        cli
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  init_system_phase2()  {
+    %asm {{
+        rts     ; no phase 2 steps on the C128
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  disable_basic() clobbers(A) {
+    %asm {{
+        lda $0a04   ; disable BASIC shadow registers
+        and #$fe
+        sta $0a04
+
+        lda #$01    ; disable BASIC IRQ service routine
+        sta $12fd
+
+        lda #$ff    ; disable screen editor IRQ setup
+        sta $d8
+
+        lda #$b7    ; skip programmable function key check
+        sta $033c
+
+        lda #$0e    ; bank out BASIC ROM
+        sta $ff00
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+; ---- end of C128 specific system utility routines ----
+
+}
+
+sys {
+    ; ------- lowlevel system routines --------
+
+    const ubyte target = 128         ;  compilation target specifier.  64 = C64, 128 = C128,  16 = CommanderX16.
+
+
+    asmsub  reset_system()  {
+        ; Soft-reset the system back to initial power-on Basic prompt.
+        %asm {{
+            sei
+            ;lda  #14
+            ;sta  $01        ; bank the kernal in       TODO c128 how to do this?
+            jmp  (c64.RESET_VEC)
+        }}
+    }
+
+    sub wait(uword jiffies) {
+        ; --- wait approximately the given number of jiffies (1/60th seconds)
+        ;     note: the system irq handler has to be active for this to work as it depends on the system jiffy clock
+        repeat jiffies {
+            ubyte jiff = lsb(c64.RDTIM16())
+            while jiff==lsb(c64.RDTIM16()) {
+                ; wait until 1 jiffy has passed
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    asmsub waitvsync() clobbers(A) {
+        ; --- busy wait till the next vsync has occurred (approximately), without depending on custom irq handling.
+        ;     note: a more accurate way to wait for vsync is to set up a vsync irq handler instead.
+        %asm {{
+-           bit  c64.SCROLY
+            bpl  -
+-           bit  c64.SCROLY
+            bmi  -
+            rts
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub waitrastborder() {
+        ; --- busy wait till the raster position has reached the bottom screen border (approximately)
+        ;     note: a more accurate way to do this is by using a raster irq handler instead.
+        %asm {{
+-           bit  c64.SCROLY
+            bpl  -
+        }}
+    }
+
+    asmsub memcopy(uword source @R0, uword target @R1, uword count @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        ; note: only works for NON-OVERLAPPING memory regions!
+        ; note: can't be inlined because is called from asm as well
+        %asm {{
+            ldx  cx16.r0
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1        ; source in ZP
+            ldx  cx16.r0+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2        ; target in ZP
+            ldx  cx16.r1+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+            cpy  #0
+            bne  _longcopy
+
+            ; copy <= 255 bytes
+            tay
+            bne  _copyshort
+            rts     ; nothing to copy
+
+_copyshort
+            ; decrease source and target pointers so we can simply index by Y
+            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            bne  +
+            dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
++           dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+            bne  +
+            dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
++           dec  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+
+-           lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+            sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+            dey
+            bne  -
+            rts
+
+_longcopy
+            sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1        ; lsb(count) = remainder in last page
+            tya
+            tax                         ; x = num pages (1+)
+            ldy  #0
+-           lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+            sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+            iny
+            bne  -
+            inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+            dex
+            bne  -
+            ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            bne  _copyshort
+            rts
+        }}
+    }
+
+    asmsub memset(uword mem @R0, uword numbytes @R1, ubyte value @A) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        %asm {{
+            ldy  cx16.r0
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            ldy  cx16.r0+1
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            ldy  cx16.r1+1
+            jmp  prog8_lib.memset
+        }}
+    }
+
+    asmsub memsetw(uword mem @R0, uword numwords @R1, uword value @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        %asm {{
+            ldx  cx16.r0
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            ldx  cx16.r0+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+            ldx  cx16.r1+1
+            stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+            jmp  prog8_lib.memsetw
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub read_flags() -> ubyte @A {
+        %asm {{
+        php
+        pla
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub clear_carry() {
+        %asm {{
+        clc
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub set_carry() {
+        %asm {{
+        sec
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub clear_irqd() {
+        %asm {{
+        cli
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub set_irqd() {
+        %asm {{
+        sei
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub exit(ubyte returnvalue @A) {
+        ; -- immediately exit the program with a return code in the A register
+        %asm {{
+            jsr  c64.CLRCHN		; reset i/o channels
+            ldx  prog8_lib.orig_stackpointer
+            txs
+            rts		; return to original caller
+        }}
+    }
+
+    inline asmsub progend() -> uword @AY {
+        %asm {{
+            lda  #<prog8_program_end
+            ldy  #>prog8_program_end
+        }}
+    }
+
+}
+
+cx16 {
+
+    ; the sixteen virtual 16-bit registers that the CX16 has defined in the zeropage
+    ; they are simulated on the C128 as well but their location in memory is different
+    ; (because there's no room for them in the zeropage)
+    ; $1300-$1bff is unused RAM on C128. We'll use $1a00-$1bff as the lo/hi evalstack.
+    ; the virtual registers are allocated at the bottom of the eval-stack (should be ample space unless
+    ; you're doing insane nesting of expressions...)
+    &uword r0  = $1b00
+    &uword r1  = $1b02
+    &uword r2  = $1b04
+    &uword r3  = $1b06
+    &uword r4  = $1b08
+    &uword r5  = $1b0a
+    &uword r6  = $1b0c
+    &uword r7  = $1b0e
+    &uword r8  = $1b10
+    &uword r9  = $1b12
+    &uword r10 = $1b14
+    &uword r11 = $1b16
+    &uword r12 = $1b18
+    &uword r13 = $1b1a
+    &uword r14 = $1b1c
+    &uword r15 = $1b1e
+
+    &word r0s  = $1b00
+    &word r1s  = $1b02
+    &word r2s  = $1b04
+    &word r3s  = $1b06
+    &word r4s  = $1b08
+    &word r5s  = $1b0a
+    &word r6s  = $1b0c
+    &word r7s  = $1b0e
+    &word r8s  = $1b10
+    &word r9s  = $1b12
+    &word r10s = $1b14
+    &word r11s = $1b16
+    &word r12s = $1b18
+    &word r13s = $1b1a
+    &word r14s = $1b1c
+    &word r15s = $1b1e
+
+    &ubyte r0L  = $1b00
+    &ubyte r1L  = $1b02
+    &ubyte r2L  = $1b04
+    &ubyte r3L  = $1b06
+    &ubyte r4L  = $1b08
+    &ubyte r5L  = $1b0a
+    &ubyte r6L  = $1b0c
+    &ubyte r7L  = $1b0e
+    &ubyte r8L  = $1b10
+    &ubyte r9L  = $1b12
+    &ubyte r10L = $1b14
+    &ubyte r11L = $1b16
+    &ubyte r12L = $1b18
+    &ubyte r13L = $1b1a
+    &ubyte r14L = $1b1c
+    &ubyte r15L = $1b1e
+
+    &ubyte r0H  = $1b01
+    &ubyte r1H  = $1b03
+    &ubyte r2H  = $1b05
+    &ubyte r3H  = $1b07
+    &ubyte r4H  = $1b09
+    &ubyte r5H  = $1b0b
+    &ubyte r6H  = $1b0d
+    &ubyte r7H  = $1b0f
+    &ubyte r8H  = $1b11
+    &ubyte r9H  = $1b13
+    &ubyte r10H = $1b15
+    &ubyte r11H = $1b17
+    &ubyte r12H = $1b19
+    &ubyte r13H = $1b1b
+    &ubyte r14H = $1b1d
+    &ubyte r15H = $1b1f
+
+    &byte r0sL  = $1b00
+    &byte r1sL  = $1b02
+    &byte r2sL  = $1b04
+    &byte r3sL  = $1b06
+    &byte r4sL  = $1b08
+    &byte r5sL  = $1b0a
+    &byte r6sL  = $1b0c
+    &byte r7sL  = $1b0e
+    &byte r8sL  = $1b10
+    &byte r9sL  = $1b12
+    &byte r10sL = $1b14
+    &byte r11sL = $1b16
+    &byte r12sL = $1b18
+    &byte r13sL = $1b1a
+    &byte r14sL = $1b1c
+    &byte r15sL = $1b1e
+
+    &byte r0sH  = $1b01
+    &byte r1sH  = $1b03
+    &byte r2sH  = $1b05
+    &byte r3sH  = $1b07
+    &byte r4sH  = $1b09
+    &byte r5sH  = $1b0b
+    &byte r6sH  = $1b0d
+    &byte r7sH  = $1b0f
+    &byte r8sH  = $1b11
+    &byte r9sH  = $1b13
+    &byte r10sH = $1b15
+    &byte r11sH = $1b17
+    &byte r12sH = $1b19
+    &byte r13sH = $1b1b
+    &byte r14sH = $1b1d
+    &byte r15sH = $1b1f
+}

compiler/res/prog8lib/c128/textio.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,619 @@
+; Prog8 definitions for the Text I/O and Screen routines for the Commodore-64
+;
+; Written by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net) - license: GNU GPL 3.0
+;
+; indent format: TABS, size=8
+
+%import syslib
+%import conv
+
+
+txt {
+
+const ubyte DEFAULT_WIDTH = 40
+const ubyte DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 25
+
+
+sub  clear_screen() {
+    txt.chrout(147)
+}
+
+sub home() {
+    txt.chrout(19)
+}
+
+sub nl() {
+    txt.chrout('\n')
+}
+
+sub spc() {
+    txt.chrout(' ')
+}
+
+asmsub column(ubyte col @A) clobbers(A, X, Y) {
+    ; ---- set the cursor on the given column (starting with 0) on the current line
+    %asm {{
+        sec
+        jsr  c64.PLOT
+        tay
+        clc
+        jmp  c64.PLOT
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  fill_screen (ubyte char @ A, ubyte color @ Y) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- fill the character screen with the given fill character and character color.
+	;      (assumes screen and color matrix are at their default addresses)
+
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  clear_screencolors
+		pla
+		jsr  clear_screenchars
+		rts
+        }}
+
+}
+
+asmsub  clear_screenchars (ubyte char @ A) clobbers(Y)  {
+	; ---- clear the character screen with the given fill character (leaves colors)
+	;      (assumes screen matrix is at the default address)
+	%asm {{
+		ldy  #250
+-		sta  c64.Screen+250*0-1,y
+		sta  c64.Screen+250*1-1,y
+		sta  c64.Screen+250*2-1,y
+		sta  c64.Screen+250*3-1,y
+		dey
+		bne  -
+		rts
+        }}
+}
+
+asmsub  clear_screencolors (ubyte color @ A) clobbers(Y)  {
+	; ---- clear the character screen colors with the given color (leaves characters).
+	;      (assumes color matrix is at the default address)
+	%asm {{
+		ldy  #250
+-		sta  c64.Colors+250*0-1,y
+		sta  c64.Colors+250*1-1,y
+		sta  c64.Colors+250*2-1,y
+		sta  c64.Colors+250*3-1,y
+		dey
+		bne  -
+		rts
+        }}
+}
+
+sub color (ubyte txtcol) {
+    c64.COLOR = txtcol
+}
+
+sub lowercase() {
+    c64.VMCSB |= 2
+    c128.VM1 |= 2
+}
+
+sub uppercase() {
+    c64.VMCSB &= ~2
+    c128.VM1 &= ~2
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_left  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A, Y)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character to the left
+	;      contents of the rightmost column are unchanged, you should clear/refill this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		bcc _scroll_screen
+
++               ; scroll the screen and the color memory
+		ldx  #0
+		ldy  #38
+-
+        .for row=0, row<=24, row+=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row + 1,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*row + 0,x
+            lda  c64.Colors + 40*row + 1,x
+            sta  c64.Colors + 40*row + 0,x
+        .next
+		inx
+		dey
+		bpl  -
+		rts
+
+_scroll_screen  ; scroll only the screen memory
+		ldx  #0
+		ldy  #38
+-
+        .for row=0, row<=24, row+=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row + 1,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*row + 0,x
+        .next
+		inx
+		dey
+		bpl  -
+
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_right  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character to the right
+	;      contents of the leftmost column are unchanged, you should clear/refill this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		bcc  _scroll_screen
+
++               ; scroll the screen and the color memory
+		ldx  #38
+-
+        .for row=0, row<=24, row+=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row + 0,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*row + 1,x
+            lda  c64.Colors + 40*row + 0,x
+            sta  c64.Colors + 40*row + 1,x
+        .next
+		dex
+		bpl  -
+		rts
+
+_scroll_screen  ; scroll only the screen memory
+		ldx  #38
+-
+        .for row=0, row<=24, row+=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row + 0,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*row + 1,x
+        .next
+		dex
+		bpl  -
+
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_up  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character up
+	;      contents of the bottom row are unchanged, you should refill/clear this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		bcc  _scroll_screen
+
++               ; scroll the screen and the color memory
+		ldx #39
+-
+        .for row=1, row<=24, row+=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*(row-1),x
+            lda  c64.Colors + 40*row,x
+            sta  c64.Colors + 40*(row-1),x
+        .next
+		dex
+		bpl  -
+		rts
+
+_scroll_screen  ; scroll only the screen memory
+		ldx #39
+-
+        .for row=1, row<=24, row+=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*(row-1),x
+        .next
+		dex
+		bpl  -
+
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  scroll_down  (ubyte alsocolors @ Pc) clobbers(A)  {
+	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character down
+	;      contents of the top row are unchanged, you should refill/clear this yourself
+	;      Carry flag determines if screen color data must be scrolled too
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		bcc  _scroll_screen
+
++               ; scroll the screen and the color memory
+		ldx #39
+-
+        .for row=23, row>=0, row-=1
+            lda  c64.Colors + 40*row,x
+            sta  c64.Colors + 40*(row+1),x
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*(row+1),x
+        .next
+		dex
+		bpl  -
+		rts
+
+_scroll_screen  ; scroll only the screen memory
+		ldx #39
+-
+        .for row=23, row>=0, row-=1
+            lda  c64.Screen + 40*row,x
+            sta  c64.Screen + 40*(row+1),x
+        .next
+		dex
+		bpl  -
+
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+romsub $FFD2 = chrout(ubyte char @ A)    ; for consistency. You can also use c64.CHROUT directly ofcourse.
+
+asmsub  print (str text @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print null terminated string from A/Y
+	; note: the compiler contains an optimization that will replace
+	;       a call to this subroutine with a string argument of just one char,
+	;       by just one call to c64.CHROUT of that single char.
+	%asm {{
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1),y
+		beq  +
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ub0  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in decimal form, with left padding 0s (3 positions total)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		pla
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		txa
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ub  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in decimal form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+_print_byte_digits
+		pha
+		cpy  #'0'
+		beq  +
+		tya
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		pla
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		jmp  _ones
++       pla
+        cmp  #'0'
+        beq  _ones
+        jsr  c64.CHROUT
+_ones   txa
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_b  (byte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the byte in A in decimal form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		pha
+		cmp  #0
+		bpl  +
+		lda  #'-'
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
++		pla
+		jsr  conv.byte2decimal
+		jmp  print_ub._print_byte_digits
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ubhex  (ubyte value @ A, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in hex form (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '$' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		bcc  +
+		pha
+		lda  #'$'
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		pla
++		jsr  conv.ubyte2hex
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		tya
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_ubbin  (ubyte value @ A, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the ubyte in A in binary form (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '%' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		bcc  +
+		lda  #'%'
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
++		ldy  #8
+-		lda  #'0'
+		asl  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		bcc  +
+		lda  #'1'
++		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		dey
+		bne  -
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uwbin  (uword value @ AY, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in binary form (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '%' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  print_ubbin
+		pla
+		clc
+		jmp  print_ubbin
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uwhex  (uword value @ AY, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in hexadecimal form (4 digits)
+	;      (if Carry is set, a radix prefix '$' is printed as well)
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		jsr  print_ubhex
+		pla
+		clc
+		jmp  print_ubhex
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uw0  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in decimal form, with left padding 0s (5 positions total)
+	%asm {{
+	    stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+        beq  +
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_uw  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the uword in A/Y in decimal form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+	    stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+		beq  _allzero
+		cmp  #'0'
+		bne  _gotdigit
+		iny
+		bne  -
+
+_gotdigit
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		iny
+		lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+		bne  _gotdigit
+		rts
+_allzero
+        lda  #'0'
+        jmp  c64.CHROUT
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  print_w  (word value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- print the (signed) word in A/Y in decimal form, without left padding 0's
+	%asm {{
+		cpy  #0
+		bpl  +
+		pha
+		lda  #'-'
+		jsr  c64.CHROUT
+		tya
+		eor  #255
+		tay
+		pla
+		eor  #255
+		clc
+		adc  #1
+		bcc  +
+		iny
++		jmp  print_uw
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  input_chars  (uword buffer @ AY) clobbers(A) -> ubyte @ Y  {
+	; ---- Input a string (max. 80 chars) from the keyboard. Returns length in Y. (string is terminated with a 0 byte as well)
+	;      It assumes the keyboard is selected as I/O channel!
+
+	%asm {{
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		ldy  #0				; char counter = 0
+-		jsr  c64.CHRIN
+		cmp  #$0d			; return (ascii 13) pressed?
+		beq  +				; yes, end.
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y	; else store char in buffer
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		lda  #0
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y	; finish string with 0 byte
+		rts
+
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  setchr  (ubyte col @X, ubyte row @Y, ubyte character @A) clobbers(A, Y)  {
+	; ---- sets the character in the screen matrix at the given position
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		asl  a
+		tay
+		lda  _screenrows+1,y
+		sta  _mod+2
+		txa
+		clc
+		adc  _screenrows,y
+		sta  _mod+1
+		bcc  +
+		inc  _mod+2
++		pla
+_mod		sta  $ffff		; modified
+		rts
+
+_screenrows	.word  $0400 + range(0, 1000, 40)
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  getchr  (ubyte col @A, ubyte row @Y) clobbers(Y) -> ubyte @ A {
+	; ---- get the character in the screen matrix at the given location
+	%asm  {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		asl  a
+		tay
+		lda  setchr._screenrows+1,y
+		sta  _mod+2
+		pla
+		clc
+		adc  setchr._screenrows,y
+		sta  _mod+1
+		bcc  _mod
+		inc  _mod+2
+_mod		lda  $ffff		; modified
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  setclr  (ubyte col @X, ubyte row @Y, ubyte color @A) clobbers(A, Y)  {
+	; ---- set the color in A on the screen matrix at the given position
+	%asm {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		asl  a
+		tay
+		lda  _colorrows+1,y
+		sta  _mod+2
+		txa
+		clc
+		adc  _colorrows,y
+		sta  _mod+1
+		bcc  +
+		inc  _mod+2
++		pla
+_mod		sta  $ffff		; modified
+		rts
+
+_colorrows	.word  $d800 + range(0, 1000, 40)
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  getclr  (ubyte col @A, ubyte row @Y) clobbers(Y) -> ubyte @ A {
+	; ---- get the color in the screen color matrix at the given location
+	%asm  {{
+		pha
+		tya
+		asl  a
+		tay
+		lda  setclr._colorrows+1,y
+		sta  _mod+2
+		pla
+		clc
+		adc  setclr._colorrows,y
+		sta  _mod+1
+		bcc  _mod
+		inc  _mod+2
+_mod		lda  $ffff		; modified
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+sub  setcc  (ubyte column, ubyte row, ubyte char, ubyte charcolor)  {
+	; ---- set char+color at the given position on the screen
+	%asm {{
+		lda  row
+		asl  a
+		tay
+		lda  setchr._screenrows+1,y
+		sta  _charmod+2
+		adc  #$d4
+		sta  _colormod+2
+		lda  setchr._screenrows,y
+		clc
+		adc  column
+		sta  _charmod+1
+		sta  _colormod+1
+		bcc  +
+		inc  _charmod+2
+		inc  _colormod+2
++		lda  char
+_charmod	sta  $ffff		; modified
+		lda  charcolor
+_colormod	sta  $ffff		; modified
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  plot  (ubyte col @ Y, ubyte row @ A) clobbers(A) {
+	; ---- safe wrapper around PLOT kernal routine, to save the X register.
+	%asm  {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		tax
+		clc
+		jsr  c64.PLOT
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub width() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @A {
+    ; -- returns the text screen width (number of columns)
+    %asm {{
+        jsr  c64.SCREEN
+        txa
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub height() clobbers(X, Y) -> ubyte @A {
+    ; -- returns the text screen height (number of rows)
+    %asm {{
+        jsr  c64.SCREEN
+        tya
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+}

compiler/res/prog8lib/c64/floats.asm

@@ -248,15 +248,25 @@ pop_float_fac1	.proc
 		.pend
 
 copy_float	.proc
-		; -- copies the 5 bytes of the mflt value pointed to by SCRATCH_ZPWORD1,
+		; -- copies the 5 bytes of the mflt value pointed to by P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1,
 		;    into the 5 bytes pointed to by A/Y.  Clobbers A,Y.
-		sta  _target+1
-		sty  _target+2
-		ldy  #4
-_loop		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
-_target		sta  $ffff,y			; modified
-		dey
-		bpl  _loop
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+		ldy  #0
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		iny
+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
 		rts
 		.pend
 
@@ -678,3 +688,54 @@ set_array_float		.proc
 		.pend
 
 
+equal_zero	.proc
+		jsr  floats.pop_float_fac1
+		jsr  floats.SIGN
+		beq  _true
+		bne  _false
+_true		lda  #1
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+_false		lda  #0
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+notequal_zero	.proc
+		jsr  floats.pop_float_fac1
+		jsr  floats.SIGN
+		bne  equal_zero._true
+		beq  equal_zero._false
+		.pend
+
+greater_zero	.proc
+		jsr  floats.pop_float_fac1
+		jsr  floats.SIGN
+		beq  equal_zero._false
+		bpl  equal_zero._true
+		jmp  equal_zero._false
+		.pend
+
+less_zero	.proc
+		jsr  floats.pop_float_fac1
+		jsr  floats.SIGN
+		bmi  equal_zero._true
+		jmp  equal_zero._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterequal_zero	.proc
+		jsr  floats.pop_float_fac1
+		jsr  floats.SIGN
+		bpl  equal_zero._true
+		jmp  equal_zero._false
+		.pend
+
+lessequal_zero	.proc
+		jsr  floats.pop_float_fac1
+		jsr  floats.SIGN
+		beq  equal_zero._true
+		bmi  equal_zero._true
+		jmp  equal_zero._false
+		.pend

compiler/res/prog8lib/c64/graphics.p8

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ graphics {
                 lda  addr+1
                 sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
                 ldy  separate_pixels
-                lda  _filled_right,y
+                lda  hline_filled_right,y
                 eor  #255
                 ldy  #0
                 ora  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
@@ -207,18 +207,18 @@ _modified       stx  $ffff      ; modified
 _zero           ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
 
                 ldy  separate_pixels
-                beq  _zero2
+                beq  hline_zero2
                 lda  _modified+1
                 sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
                 lda  _modified+2
                 sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
-                lda  _filled_right,y
+                lda  hline_filled_right,y
                 ldy  #0
                 ora  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
                 sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
-                jmp  _zero2
-_filled_right   .byte  0, %10000000, %11000000, %11100000, %11110000, %11111000, %11111100, %11111110
-_zero2
+                jmp  hline_zero2
+hline_filled_right   .byte  0, %10000000, %11000000, %11100000, %11110000, %11111000, %11111100, %11111110
+hline_zero2
             }}
         }
     }

compiler/res/prog8lib/c64/syslib.p8

@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ _setup_raster_irq
 sys {
     ; ------- lowlevel system routines --------
 
-    const ubyte target = 64         ;  compilation target specifier.  64 = C64,  16 = CommanderX16.
+    const ubyte target = 64         ;  compilation target specifier.  64 = C64, 128 = C128, 16 = CommanderX16.
 
 
     asmsub  reset_system()  {
@@ -520,6 +520,8 @@ sys {
     }
 
     asmsub memcopy(uword source @R0, uword target @R1, uword count @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        ; note: only works for NON-OVERLAPPING memory regions!
+        ; note: can't be inlined because is called from asm as well
         %asm {{
             ldx  cx16.r0
             stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1        ; source in ZP

compiler/res/prog8lib/conv.p8

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ conv {
 
 ; ----- number conversions to decimal strings ----
 
-    str  string_out = "????????????????"       ; result buffer for the string conversion routines
+    str  @shared string_out = "????????????????"       ; result buffer for the string conversion routines
 
 asmsub  str_ub0  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
 	; ---- convert the ubyte in A in decimal string form, with left padding 0s (3 positions total)

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/cx16diskio.p8

@@ -7,32 +7,69 @@
 cx16diskio {
 
     ; Use kernal LOAD routine to load the given program file in memory.
-    ; This mimimics Basic's  LOAD "filename",drive  /  LOAD "filename",drive,1
+    ; This is similar to Basic's  LOAD "filename",drive  /  LOAD "filename",drive,1
     ; If you don't give an address_override, the location in memory is taken from the 2-byte file header.
     ; If you specify a custom address_override, the first 2 bytes in the file are ignored
     ; and the rest is loaded at the given location in memory.
-    ; Returns the number of bytes loaded (truncated to 16 bits, if the file is larger than 64 Kb,
-    ; you'll have to compensate yourself by checking the ram banks).
+    ; Returns the end load address+1 if successful or 0 if a load error occurred.
+    ; You can use the load_size() function to calcuate the size of the file that was loaded.
     sub load(ubyte drivenumber, uword filenameptr, ubyte bank, uword address_override) -> uword {
         cx16.rambank(bank)
-        uword size = diskio.load(drivenumber, filenameptr, address_override)
-        if size
-            return size + $2000 * (cx16.getrambank() - bank)
-        return 0
+        return diskio.load(drivenumber, filenameptr, address_override)
     }
 
     ; Use kernal LOAD routine to load the given file in memory.
     ; INCLUDING the first 2 bytes in the file: no program header is assumed in the file.
     ; This is different from Basic's LOAD instruction which always skips the first two bytes.
     ; The load address is mandatory. Returns the number of bytes loaded.
-    ; Returns the number of bytes loaded (truncated to 16 bits, if the file is larger than 64 Kb,
-    ; you'll have to compensate yourself by checking the ram banks).
+    ; Returns the end load address+1 if successful or 0 if a load error occurred.
+    ; You can use the load_size() function to calcuate the size of the file that was loaded.
     sub load_raw(ubyte drivenumber, uword filenameptr, ubyte bank, uword address) -> uword {
         cx16.rambank(bank)
-        uword size = diskio.load_raw(drivenumber, filenameptr, address)
-        if size
-            return size + $2000 * (cx16.getrambank() - bank)
-        return 0
+        return diskio.load_raw(drivenumber, filenameptr, address)
+    }
+
+    ; For use directly after a load or load_raw call (don't mess with the ram bank yet):
+    ; Calculates the number of bytes loaded (files > 64Kb ar truncated to 16 bits)
+    sub load_size(ubyte startbank, uword startaddress, uword endaddress) -> uword {
+        return $2000 * (cx16.getrambank() - startbank) + endaddress - startaddress
+    }
+
+    asmsub vload(str name @R0, ubyte device @Y, ubyte bank @A, uword address @R1) -> ubyte @A {
+        ; -- like the basic command VLOAD "filename",device,bank,address
+        ;    loads a file into Vera's video memory in the given bank:address, returns success in A
+        %asm {{
+            ; -- load a file into video ram
+            phx
+            pha
+            tya
+            tax
+            lda  #1
+            ldy  #0
+            jsr  c64.SETLFS
+            lda  cx16.r0
+            ldy  cx16.r0+1
+            jsr  prog8_lib.strlen
+            tya
+            ldx  cx16.r0
+            ldy  cx16.r0+1
+            jsr  c64.SETNAM
+            pla
+            clc
+            adc  #2
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            ldy  cx16.r1+1
+            stz  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            jsr  c64.LOAD
+            bcs  +
+            inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+    +       jsr  c64.CLRCHN
+            lda  #1
+            jsr  c64.CLOSE
+            plx
+            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            rts
+        }}
     }
 
 }

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/floats.p8

@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ floats {
         const float  PI     = 3.141592653589793
         const float  TWOPI  = 6.283185307179586
 
-        float  tempvar_swap_float     ; used for some swap() operations
-
 
 ; ---- ROM float functions ----
 

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/gfx2.p8

@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ _done
                 set_both_strides(13)    ; 160 increment = 1 line in 640 px 4c mode
                 color &= 3
                 color <<= gfx2.plot.shift4c[lsb(x) & 3]
-                ubyte mask = gfx2.plot.mask4c[lsb(x) & 3]
+                ubyte @shared mask = gfx2.plot.mask4c[lsb(x) & 3]
                 repeat height {
                     %asm {{
                         lda  cx16.VERA_DATA0
@@ -545,9 +545,9 @@ _done
     }
 
     sub plot(uword @zp x, uword y, ubyte color) {
-        ubyte[8] bits = [128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1]
-        ubyte[4] mask4c = [%00111111, %11001111, %11110011, %11111100]
-        ubyte[4] shift4c = [6,4,2,0]
+        ubyte[8] @shared bits = [128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1]
+        ubyte[4] @shared mask4c = [%00111111, %11001111, %11110011, %11111100]
+        ubyte[4] @shared shift4c = [6,4,2,0]
 
         when active_mode {
             1 -> {

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/syslib.p8

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ c64 {
 
 ; STROUT --> use txt.print
 ; CLEARSCR -> use txt.clear_screen
-; HOMECRSR -> use txt.plot
+; HOMECRSR -> use txt.home or txt.plot
 
 romsub $FF81 = CINT() clobbers(A,X,Y)                           ; (alias: SCINIT) initialize screen editor and video chip
 romsub $FF84 = IOINIT() clobbers(A, X)                          ; initialize I/O devices (CIA, SID, IRQ)
@@ -307,13 +307,25 @@ romsub $ff7d = primm()
 romsub $ff44 = macptr()  clobbers(A,X,Y)
 romsub $ff47 = enter_basic(ubyte cold_or_warm @Pc)  clobbers(A,X,Y)
 romsub $ff68 = mouse_config(ubyte shape @A, ubyte scale @X)  clobbers (A, X, Y)
-romsub $ff6b = mouse_get(ubyte zpdataptr @X)  clobbers(A)
+romsub $ff6b = mouse_get(ubyte zpdataptr @X) -> ubyte @A
 romsub $ff71 = mouse_scan()  clobbers(A, X, Y)
 romsub $ff53 = joystick_scan()  clobbers(A, X, Y)
 romsub $ff56 = joystick_get(ubyte joynr @A) -> ubyte @A, ubyte @X, ubyte @Y
 romsub $ff4d = clock_set_date_time(uword yearmonth @R0, uword dayhours @R1, uword minsecs @R2, ubyte jiffies @R3)  clobbers(A, X, Y)
 romsub $ff50 = clock_get_date_time()  clobbers(A, X, Y)  -> uword @R0, uword @R1, uword @R2, ubyte @R3   ; result registers see clock_set_date_time()
 
+asmsub mouse_pos() -> ubyte @A {
+    ; -- short wrapper around mouse_get() kernal routine:
+    ; -- gets the position of the mouse cursor in cx16.r0 and cx16.r1 (x/y coordinate), returns mouse button status.
+    %asm {{
+        phx
+        ldx  #cx16.r0
+        jsr  cx16.mouse_get
+        plx
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
 
 ; It's not documented what registers are clobbered, so we assume the worst for all following kernal routines...:
 
@@ -521,45 +533,6 @@ asmsub vpoke_xor(ubyte bank @A, uword address @R0, ubyte value @Y) clobbers (A)
     }}
 }
 
-asmsub vload(str name @R0, ubyte device @Y, ubyte bank @A, uword address @R1) -> ubyte @A {
-    ; -- like the basic command VLOAD "filename",device,bank,address
-    ;    loads a file into video memory in the given bank:address, returns success in A
-    ;    !! NOTE !! the V38 ROMs contain a bug in the LOAD code that makes the load address not work correctly,
-    ;               it works fine when loading from local filesystem
-    %asm {{
-        ; -- load a file into video ram
-        phx
-        pha
-        tya
-        tax
-        lda  #1
-        ldy  #0
-        jsr  c64.SETLFS
-        lda  cx16.r0
-        ldy  cx16.r0+1
-        jsr  prog8_lib.strlen
-        tya
-        ldx  cx16.r0
-        ldy  cx16.r0+1
-        jsr  c64.SETNAM
-        pla
-        clc
-        adc  #2
-        ldx  cx16.r1
-        ldy  cx16.r1+1
-        stz  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-        jsr  c64.LOAD
-        bcs  +
-        inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-+       jsr  c64.CLRCHN
-        lda  #1
-        jsr  c64.CLOSE
-        plx
-        lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-        rts
-    }}
-}
-
 inline asmsub joystick_get2(ubyte joynr @A) clobbers(Y) -> uword @AX  {
     ; convenience routine to get the joystick state without requiring inline assembly that deals with the multiple return values.
     ; Also disables interrupts to avoid the IRQ race condition mentioned here: https://github.com/commanderx16/x16-rom/issues/203
@@ -811,7 +784,7 @@ asmsub  set_rasterline(uword line @AY) {
 sys {
     ; ------- lowlevel system routines --------
 
-    const ubyte target = 16         ;  compilation target specifier.  64 = C64,  16 = CommanderX16.
+    const ubyte target = 16         ;  compilation target specifier.  64 = C64,  128 = C128,  16 = CommanderX16.
 
 
     asmsub reset_system() {
@@ -848,17 +821,66 @@ sys {
         }}
     }
 
-    inline asmsub memcopy(uword source @R0, uword target @R1, uword count @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+    asmsub memcopy(uword source @R0, uword target @R1, uword count @AY) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+        ; note: only works for NON-OVERLAPPING memory regions!
+        ;       If you have to copy overlapping memory regions, consider using
+        ;       the cx16 specific kernal routine `memory_copy` (make sure kernal rom is banked in).
+        ; note: can't be inlined because is called from asm as well.
+        ;       also: doesn't use cx16 ROM routine so this always works even when ROM is not banked in.
         %asm {{
-            sta  cx16.r2
-            sty  cx16.r2+1
-            jsr  cx16.memory_copy
+            cpy  #0
+            bne  _longcopy
+
+            ; copy <= 255 bytes
+            tay
+            bne  _copyshort
+            rts     ; nothing to copy
+
+_copyshort
+            ; decrease source and target pointers so we can simply index by Y
+            lda  cx16.r0
+            bne  +
+            dec  cx16.r0+1
++           dec  cx16.r0
+            lda  cx16.r1
+            bne  +
+            dec  cx16.r1+1
++           dec  cx16.r1
+
+-           lda  (cx16.r0),y
+            sta  (cx16.r1),y
+            dey
+            bne  -
+            rts
+
+_longcopy
+            pha                         ; lsb(count) = remainder in last page
+            tya
+            tax                         ; x = num pages (1+)
+            ldy  #0
+-           lda  (cx16.r0),y
+            sta  (cx16.r1),y
+            iny
+            bne  -
+            inc  cx16.r0+1
+            inc  cx16.r1+1
+            dex
+            bne  -
+            ply
+            bne  _copyshort
+            rts
         }}
     }
 
-    inline asmsub memset(uword mem @R0, uword numbytes @R1, ubyte value @A) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
+    asmsub memset(uword mem @R0, uword numbytes @R1, ubyte value @A) clobbers(A,X,Y) {
         %asm {{
-            jsr  cx16.memory_fill
+            ldy  cx16.r0
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+            ldy  cx16.r0+1
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+            ldx  cx16.r1
+            ldy  cx16.r1+1
+            jmp  prog8_lib.memset
         }}
     }
 

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/textio.p8

@@ -169,13 +169,26 @@ sub color2 (ubyte txtcol, ubyte bgcol) {
 }
 
 sub lowercase() {
-    cx16.screen_set_charset(3, 0)  ; lowercase charset
+    c64.CHROUT($0e)
+    ; this is not 100% compatible: cx16.screen_set_charset(3, 0)  ; lowercase petscii charset
 }
 
 sub uppercase() {
-    cx16.screen_set_charset(2, 0)  ; uppercase charset
+    c64.CHROUT($8e)
+    ; this is not 100% compatible: cx16.screen_set_charset(2, 0)  ; uppercase petscii charset
 }
 
+sub iso() {
+    c64.CHROUT($0f)
+    ; This doesn't enable it completely: cx16.screen_set_charset(1, 0)  ; iso charset
+}
+
+sub iso_off() {
+    ; -- you have to call this first when switching back from iso charset to regular charset.
+    c64.CHROUT($8f)
+}
+
+
 asmsub  scroll_left() clobbers(A, Y)  {
 	; ---- scroll the whole screen 1 character to the left
 	;      contents of the rightmost column are unchanged, you should clear/refill this yourself

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16logo.p8

@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ cx16logo {
     }
 
     str[] logo_lines = [
-            "\uf10d\uf11a\uf139\uf11b     \uf11a\uf13a\uf11b\n",
-            "\uf10b\uf11a▎\uf139\uf11b   \uf11a\uf13a\uf130\uf11b\n",
-            "\uf10f\uf11a▌ \uf139\uf11b \uf11a\uf13a \uf11b▌\n",
-            "\uf102 \uf132\uf11a▖\uf11b \uf11a▗\uf11b\uf132\n",
-            "\uf10e ▂\uf11a▘\uf11b \uf11a▝\uf11b▂\n",
-            "\uf104 \uf11a \uf11b\uf13a\uf11b \uf139\uf11a \uf11b\n",
+            "\uf10d\uf11a\uf139\uf11b     \uf11a\uf13a\uf11b",
+            "\uf10b\uf11a▎\uf139\uf11b   \uf11a\uf13a\uf130\uf11b",
+            "\uf10f\uf11a▌ \uf139\uf11b \uf11a\uf13a \uf11b▌",
+            "\uf102 \uf132\uf11a▖\uf11b \uf11a▗\uf11b\uf132",
+            "\uf10e ▂\uf11a▘\uf11b \uf11a▝\uf11b▂",
+            "\uf104 \uf11a \uf11b\uf13a\uf11b \uf139\uf11a \uf11b",
             "\uf101\uf130\uf13a   \uf139▎\uf100"
         ]
 }

compiler/res/prog8lib/diskio.p8

@@ -76,7 +76,8 @@ io_error:
 
     sub list_files(ubyte drivenumber, uword pattern_ptr, uword name_ptrs, ubyte max_names) -> ubyte {
         ; -- fill the array 'name_ptrs' with (pointers to) the names of the files requested.
-        uword names_buffer = memory("filenames", 512)
+        const uword names_buf_size = 800
+        uword names_buffer = memory("filenames", names_buf_size, 0)
         uword buffer_start = names_buffer
         ubyte files_found = 0
         if lf_start_list(drivenumber, pattern_ptr) {
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ io_error:
                 name_ptrs++
                 names_buffer += string.copy(diskio.list_filename, names_buffer) + 1
                 files_found++
-                if names_buffer - buffer_start > 512-18
+                if names_buffer - buffer_start > names_buf_size-18
                     break
                 if files_found == max_names
                     break
@@ -242,18 +243,18 @@ close_end:
         void c64.CHKIN(11)        ; use #11 as input channel again
         %asm {{
             lda  bufferpointer
-            sta  _in_buffer+1
+            sta  m_in_buffer+1
             lda  bufferpointer+1
-            sta  _in_buffer+2
+            sta  m_in_buffer+2
         }}
         repeat num_bytes {
             %asm {{
                 jsr  c64.CHRIN
                 sta  cx16.r5
-_in_buffer      sta  $ffff
-                inc  _in_buffer+1
+m_in_buffer     sta  $ffff
+                inc  m_in_buffer+1
                 bne  +
-                inc  _in_buffer+2
+                inc  m_in_buffer+2
 +               inc  list_blocks
                 bne  +
                 inc  list_blocks+1
@@ -406,7 +407,7 @@ io_error:
     sub save(ubyte drivenumber, uword filenameptr, uword address, uword size) -> ubyte {
         c64.SETNAM(string.length(filenameptr), filenameptr)
         c64.SETLFS(1, drivenumber, 0)
-        uword end_address = address + size
+        uword @shared end_address = address + size
         first_byte = 0      ; result var reuse
 
         %asm {{
@@ -434,11 +435,11 @@ io_error:
     }
 
     ; Use kernal LOAD routine to load the given program file in memory.
-    ; This mimimics Basic's  LOAD "filename",drive  /  LOAD "filename",drive,1
+    ; This is similar to Basic's  LOAD "filename",drive  /  LOAD "filename",drive,1
     ; If you don't give an address_override, the location in memory is taken from the 2-byte file header.
     ; If you specify a custom address_override, the first 2 bytes in the file are ignored
     ; and the rest is loaded at the given location in memory.
-    ; Returns the number of bytes loaded.
+    ; Returns the end load address+1 if successful or 0 if a load error occurred.
     ; NOTE: when the load is larger than 64Kb and/or spans multiple RAM banks
     ;       (which is possible on the Commander X16), the returned size is not correct,
     ;       because it doesn't take the number of ram banks into account.
@@ -446,7 +447,7 @@ io_error:
     sub load(ubyte drivenumber, uword filenameptr, uword address_override) -> uword {
         c64.SETNAM(string.length(filenameptr), filenameptr)
         ubyte secondary = 1
-        uword end_of_load = 0
+        cx16.r1 = 0
         if address_override
             secondary = 0
         c64.SETLFS(1, drivenumber, secondary)
@@ -457,24 +458,21 @@ io_error:
             ldy  address_override+1
             jsr  c64.LOAD
             bcs  +
-            stx  end_of_load
-            sty  end_of_load+1
+            stx  cx16.r1
+            sty  cx16.r1+1
 +           ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
         }}
 
         c64.CLRCHN()
         c64.CLOSE(1)
-
-        if end_of_load
-            return end_of_load - address_override    ; not correct when the file spans multiple RAM banks
-
-        return 0
+        return cx16.r1
     }
 
     ; Use kernal LOAD routine to load the given file in memory.
     ; INCLUDING the first 2 bytes in the file: no program header is assumed in the file.
     ; This is different from Basic's LOAD instruction which always skips the first two bytes.
-    ; The load address is mandatory. Returns the number of bytes loaded.
+    ; The load address is mandatory.
+    ; Returns the end load address+1 if successful or 0 if a load error occurred.
     ; NOTE: when the load is larger than 64Kb and/or spans multiple RAM banks
     ;       (which is possible on the Commander X16), the returned size is not correct,
     ;       because it doesn't take the number of ram banks into account.
@@ -482,15 +480,12 @@ io_error:
     sub load_raw(ubyte drivenumber, uword filenameptr, uword address) -> uword {
         if not f_open(drivenumber, filenameptr)
             return 0
-        uword size = f_read(address, 2)
+        cx16.r1 = f_read(address, 2)
         f_close()
-        if size!=2
+        if cx16.r1!=2
             return 0
         address += 2
-        size = load(drivenumber, filenameptr, address)
-        if size
-            return size+2
-        return 0
+        return load(drivenumber, filenameptr, address)
     }
 
     sub delete(ubyte drivenumber, uword filenameptr) {

compiler/res/prog8lib/prog8_lib.asm

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 ; Written by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net) - license: GNU GPL 3.0
 
 
+orig_stackpointer	.byte  0	; stores the Stack pointer register at program start
+
 read_byte_from_address_on_stack	.proc
 	; -- read the byte from the memory address on the top of the stack, return in A (stack remains unchanged)
 		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
@@ -683,8 +685,106 @@ shiftright_b	.proc
 		.pend
 
 
-orig_stackpointer	.byte  0	; stores the Stack pointer register at program start
+equalzero_b	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		beq  _true
+		bne  _false
+_true		lda  #1
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		rts
+_false		lda  #0
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		rts
+		.pend
 
+equalzero_w	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		ora  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._true
+		bne  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+notequalzero_b	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._false
+		bne  equalzero_b._true
+		.pend
+
+notequalzero_w	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		ora  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._false
+		bne  equalzero_b._true
+		.pend
+
+lesszero_b	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		bmi  equalzero_b._true
+		jmp  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+lesszero_w	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		bmi  equalzero_b._true
+		jmp  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterzero_ub	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		bne  equalzero_b._true
+		beq  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterzero_sb	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._false
+		bpl  equalzero_b._true
+		bmi  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterzero_uw	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		ora  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		bne  equalzero_b._true
+		beq  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterzero_sw	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		bmi  equalzero_b._false
+		ora  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._false
+		bne  equalzero_b._true
+		.pend
+
+lessequalzero_sb	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		bmi  equalzero_b._true
+		beq  equalzero_b._true
+		bne  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+lessequalzero_sw	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		bmi  equalzero_b._true
+		ora  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._true
+		bne  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterequalzero_sb	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+	    	bpl  equalzero_b._true
+	    	bmi  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
+
+greaterequalzero_sw	.proc
+		lda  P8ESTACK_HI+1,x
+		bmi  equalzero_b._false
+		ora  P8ESTACK_LO+1,x
+		beq  equalzero_b._true
+		bne  equalzero_b._false
+		.pend
 
 
 memcopy16_up	.proc
@@ -1021,17 +1121,15 @@ strcmp_mem	.proc
 		;      Returns -1,0,1 in A, depeding on the ordering. Clobbers Y.
 		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
 		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
-_loop		ldy  #0
-		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		ldy  #0
+_loop		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
 		bne  +
 		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
 		bne  _return_minusone
 		beq  _return
-+		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
-		sec
-		sbc  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
-		bmi  _return_one
-		bne  _return_minusone
++		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bcc  _return_minusone
+		bne  _return_one
 		inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
 		bne  +
 		inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
@@ -1058,20 +1156,6 @@ sign_extend_stack_byte	.proc
 		rts
 		.pend
 
-
-sign_extend_AY_byte	.proc
-	; -- sign extend the (signed) byte in AY to full 16 bits
-		pha
-		and  #$80
-		beq  +
-		ldy  #$ff
-		pla
-		rts
-+		ldy  #0
-		pla
-		rts
-		.pend
-
 strlen          .proc
         ; -- returns the number of bytes in the string in AY, in Y.
 		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
@@ -1083,3 +1167,45 @@ strlen          .proc
 		bne  -
 +		rts
 		.pend
+
+
+containment_bytearray	.proc
+	; -- check if a value exists in a byte array.
+	;    parameters: P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1: address of the byte array, A = byte to check, Y = length of array (>=1).
+	;    returns boolean 0/1 in A.
+		dey
+-		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		beq  +
+		dey
+		cpy  #255
+		bne  -
+		lda  #0
+		rts
++		lda  #1
+		rts
+		.pend
+
+containment_wordarray	.proc
+	; -- check if a value exists in a word array.
+	;    parameters: P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1: value to check, P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2: address of the word array, Y = length of array (>=1).
+	;    returns boolean 0/1 in A.
+		dey
+		tya
+		asl  a
+		tay
+-		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		bne  +
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		iny
+		cmp  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2),y
+		beq  _found
++		dey
+		dey
+		cpy  #254
+		bne  -
+		lda  #0
+		rts
+_found		lda  #1
+		rts
+		.pend

compiler/res/prog8lib/prog8_lib.p8

@@ -6,24 +6,6 @@ prog8_lib {
 	%asminclude "library:prog8_lib.asm"
 	%asminclude "library:prog8_funcs.asm"
 
-	; to store intermediary expression results for return values:
-	; NOTE: these variables are used in the StatementReorderer and StatementOptimizer
-	uword @zp retval_interm_uw
-	word @zp retval_interm_w
-	ubyte @zp retval_interm_ub
-	byte @zp retval_interm_b
-	word retval_interm_w2
-	byte retval_interm_b2
-
-        ; prog8 "hooks" to be able to access the temporary scratch variables
-        ; YOU SHOULD NOT USE THESE IN USER CODE - THESE ARE MEANT FOR INTERNAL COMPILER USE
-        ; NOTE: the assembly code generator will match these names and not generate
-        ;       new variables/memdefs for them, rather, they'll point to the scratch variables directly.
-        &ubyte P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG = $ff
-        &byte P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1 = $ff
-        &uword P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1 = $ff
-        &word P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2 = $ff
-
 
 	asmsub pattern_match(str string @AY, str pattern @R0) clobbers(Y) -> ubyte @A {
 		%asm {{

compiler/res/prog8lib/string.p8

@@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ _startloop	dey
         }}
     }
 
-    asmsub find(uword string @R0, ubyte character @A) -> uword @AY {
+    asmsub find(uword string @R0, ubyte character @A) -> ubyte @A, ubyte @Pc {
         ; Locates the first position of the given character in the string,
-        ;  returns the string starting with this character or $0000 if the character is not found.
+        ; returns Carry set if found + index in A, or Carry clear if not found.
         %asm {{
-                ; need to copy the the cx16 virtual registers to zeropage to be compatible with C64...
+                ; need to copy the the cx16 virtual registers to zeropage to make this run on C64...
                 sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
 		lda  cx16.r0
 		ldy  cx16.r0+1
@@ -147,18 +147,11 @@ _startloop	dey
 		beq  _found
 		iny
 		bne  -
-_notfound	lda  #0
-		ldy  #0
+_notfound	clc
 		rts
-_found		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
-		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
-		clc
-		adc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
-		bcc  +
-		iny
-+		rts
-
+_found		tya
+                sec
+                rts
         }}
     }
 

compiler/res/version.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-7.5
+7.9

compiler/src/prog8/CompilerMain.kt

@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ package prog8
 
 import kotlinx.cli.*
 import prog8.ast.base.AstException
+import prog8.codegen.target.AtariTarget
+import prog8.codegen.target.C128Target
+import prog8.codegen.target.C64Target
+import prog8.codegen.target.Cx16Target
 import prog8.compiler.CompilationResult
 import prog8.compiler.CompilerArguments
 import prog8.compiler.compileProgram
-import prog8.compiler.target.C64Target
-import prog8.compiler.target.Cx16Target
+import prog8.compilerinterface.CbmPrgLauncherType
 import java.io.File
 import java.nio.file.FileSystems
 import java.nio.file.Path
@@ -16,7 +19,7 @@ import kotlin.system.exitProcess
 
 
 fun main(args: Array<String>) {
-    val buildVersion = object {}.javaClass.getResource("/version.txt").readText().trim()
+    val buildVersion = object {}.javaClass.getResource("/version.txt")?.readText()?.trim()
     println("\nProg8 compiler v$buildVersion by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net)")
     println("This software is licensed under the GNU GPL 3.0, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html\n")
 
@@ -36,11 +39,14 @@ private fun compileMain(args: Array<String>): Boolean {
     val outputDir by cli.option(ArgType.String, fullName = "out", description = "directory for output files instead of current directory").default(".")
     val dontWriteAssembly by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "noasm", description="don't create assembly code")
     val dontOptimize by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "noopt", description = "don't perform any optimizations")
+    val dontReinitGlobals by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "noreinit", description = "don't create code to reinitialize globals on multiple runs of the program (experimental!)")
     val optimizeFloatExpressions by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "optfloatx", description = "optimize float expressions (warning: can increase program size)")
     val watchMode by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "watch", description = "continuous compilation mode (watches for file changes), greatly increases compilation speed")
     val slowCodegenWarnings by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "slowwarn", description="show debug warnings about slow/problematic assembly code generation")
     val quietAssembler by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "quietasm", description = "don't print assembler output results")
-    val compilationTarget by cli.option(ArgType.String, fullName = "target", description = "target output of the compiler, currently '${C64Target.name}' and '${Cx16Target.name}' available").default(C64Target.name)
+    val asmListfile by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "asmlist", description = "make the assembler produce a listing file as well")
+    val experimentalCodegen by cli.option(ArgType.Boolean, fullName = "expericodegen", description = "use experimental codegen")
+    val compilationTarget by cli.option(ArgType.String, fullName = "target", description = "target output of the compiler (one of '${C64Target.NAME}', '${C128Target.NAME}', '${Cx16Target.NAME}', '${AtariTarget.NAME}')").default(C64Target.NAME)
     val sourceDirs by cli.option(ArgType.String, fullName="srcdirs", description = "list of extra paths, separated with ${File.pathSeparator}, to search in for imported modules").multiple().delimiter(File.pathSeparator)
     val moduleFiles by cli.argument(ArgType.String, fullName = "modules", description = "main module file(s) to compile").multiple(999)
 
@@ -67,7 +73,7 @@ private fun compileMain(args: Array<String>): Boolean {
     if(srcdirs.firstOrNull()!=".")
         srcdirs.add(0, ".")
 
-    if (compilationTarget != C64Target.name && compilationTarget != Cx16Target.name) {
+    if (compilationTarget !in setOf(C64Target.NAME, C128Target.NAME, Cx16Target.NAME, AtariTarget.NAME)) {
         System.err.println("Invalid compilation target: $compilationTarget")
         return false
     }
@@ -85,9 +91,12 @@ private fun compileMain(args: Array<String>): Boolean {
                     filepath,
                     dontOptimize != true,
                     optimizeFloatExpressions == true,
+                    dontReinitGlobals == true,
                     dontWriteAssembly != true,
                     slowCodegenWarnings == true,
                     quietAssembler == true,
+                    asmListfile == true,
+                    experimentalCodegen == true,
                     compilationTarget,
                     srcdirs,
                     outputPath
@@ -133,9 +142,12 @@ private fun compileMain(args: Array<String>): Boolean {
                     filepath,
                     dontOptimize != true,
                     optimizeFloatExpressions == true,
+                    dontReinitGlobals == true,
                     dontWriteAssembly != true,
                     slowCodegenWarnings == true,
                     quietAssembler == true,
+                    asmListfile == true,
+                    experimentalCodegen == true,
                     compilationTarget,
                     srcdirs,
                     outputPath
@@ -156,10 +168,16 @@ private fun compileMain(args: Array<String>): Boolean {
 
             val programNameInPath = outputPath.resolve(compilationResult.programName)
 
-            if (startEmulator1==true)
-                compilationResult.compTarget.machine.launchEmulator(1, programNameInPath)
-            else if (startEmulator2==true)
-                compilationResult.compTarget.machine.launchEmulator(2, programNameInPath)
+            if(startEmulator1==true || startEmulator2==true) {
+                if (compilationResult.compilationOptions.launcher != CbmPrgLauncherType.NONE || compilationTarget=="atari") {
+                    if (startEmulator1 == true)
+                        compilationResult.compilationOptions.compTarget.machine.launchEmulator(1, programNameInPath)
+                    else if (startEmulator2 == true)
+                        compilationResult.compilationOptions.compTarget.machine.launchEmulator(2, programNameInPath)
+                } else {
+                    println("\nCan't start emulator because program has no launcher type.")
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger.kt

@@ -1,433 +0,0 @@
-package prog8.compiler
-
-import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
-import prog8.ast.IStatementContainer
-import prog8.ast.Node
-import prog8.ast.Program
-import prog8.ast.base.*
-import prog8.ast.expressions.*
-import prog8.ast.statements.*
-import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
-import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
-import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
-import prog8.compiler.astprocessing.isSubroutineParameter
-import prog8.compiler.target.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compilerinterface.*
-import prog8.optimizer.getTempVarName
-
-
-internal class BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger(val program: Program, private val options: CompilationOptions,
-                                             private val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalker() {
-
-    private val subroutineVariables = mutableMapOf<Subroutine, MutableList<Pair<String, VarDecl>>>()
-
-    private fun rememberSubroutineVar(decl: VarDecl) {
-        val sub = decl.definingSubroutine ?: return
-        var varsList = subroutineVariables[sub]
-        if(varsList==null) {
-            varsList = mutableListOf()
-            subroutineVariables[sub] = varsList
-        }
-        varsList.add(decl.name to decl)
-    }
-
-    override fun before(block: Block, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        // move all subroutines to the bottom of the block
-        val subs = block.statements.filterIsInstance<Subroutine>()
-        block.statements.removeAll(subs)
-        block.statements.addAll(subs)
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    override fun after(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(decl.type==VarDeclType.VAR && decl.value != null && decl.datatype in NumericDatatypes)
-            throw FatalAstException("vardecls for variables, with initial numerical value, should have been rewritten as plain vardecl + assignment $decl")
-        rememberSubroutineVar(decl)
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    override fun after(assignment: Assignment, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        // Try to replace A = B <operator> Something  by A= B, A = A <operator> Something
-        // this triggers the more efficent augmented assignment code generation more often.
-        // But it can only be done if the target variable IS NOT OCCURRING AS AN OPERAND ITSELF.
-        if(!assignment.isAugmentable
-                && assignment.target.identifier != null
-                && !assignment.target.isIOAddress(options.compTarget.machine)) {
-            val binExpr = assignment.value as? BinaryExpression
-
-            if(binExpr!=null && binExpr.inferType(program).istype(DataType.FLOAT) && !options.optimizeFloatExpressions)
-                return noModifications
-
-            if (binExpr != null && binExpr.operator !in comparisonOperators) {
-                if (binExpr.left !is BinaryExpression) {
-                    if (binExpr.right.referencesIdentifier(assignment.target.identifier!!.nameInSource)) {
-                        // the right part of the expression contains the target variable itself.
-                        // we can't 'split' it trivially because the variable will be changed halfway through.
-                        if(binExpr.operator in associativeOperators) {
-                            // A = <something-without-A>  <associativeoperator>  <otherthing-with-A>
-                            // use the other part of the expression to split.
-                            val sourceDt = binExpr.right.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
-                            val (_, right) = binExpr.right.typecastTo(assignment.target.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, sourceDt, implicit=true)
-                            val assignRight = Assignment(assignment.target, right, assignment.position)
-                            return listOf(
-                                    IAstModification.InsertBefore(assignment, assignRight, parent as IStatementContainer),
-                                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.right, binExpr.left, binExpr),
-                                    IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, assignment.target.toExpression(), binExpr))
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        val sourceDt = binExpr.left.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
-                        val (_, left) = binExpr.left.typecastTo(assignment.target.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }, sourceDt, implicit=true)
-                        val assignLeft = Assignment(assignment.target, left, assignment.position)
-                        return listOf(
-                                IAstModification.InsertBefore(assignment, assignLeft, parent as IStatementContainer),
-                                IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, assignment.target.toExpression(), binExpr))
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    override fun after(scope: AnonymousScope, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(scope.statements.any { it is VarDecl || it is IStatementContainer })
-            throw FatalAstException("anonymousscope may no longer contain any vardecls or subscopes")
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    override fun after(subroutine: Subroutine, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val firstDeclarations = mutableMapOf<String, VarDecl>()
-        val rememberedSubroutineVars = subroutineVariables.getOrDefault(subroutine, mutableListOf())
-        for(decl in rememberedSubroutineVars) {
-            val existing = firstDeclarations[decl.first]
-            if(existing!=null && existing !== decl.second) {
-                errors.err("variable ${decl.first} already defined in subroutine ${subroutine.name} at ${existing.position}", decl.second.position)
-            } else {
-                firstDeclarations[decl.first] = decl.second
-            }
-        }
-        rememberedSubroutineVars.clear()
-
-        // add the implicit return statement at the end (if it's not there yet), but only if it's not a kernal routine.
-        // and if an assembly block doesn't contain a rts/rti, and some other situations.
-        val mods = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-        val returnStmt = Return(null, subroutine.position)
-        if (subroutine.asmAddress == null && !subroutine.inline) {
-            if(subroutine.statements.isEmpty() ||
-                (subroutine.amountOfRtsInAsm() == 0
-                && subroutine.statements.lastOrNull { it !is VarDecl } !is Return
-                && subroutine.statements.last() !is Subroutine)) {
-                    mods += IAstModification.InsertLast(returnStmt, subroutine)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // precede a subroutine with a return to avoid falling through into the subroutine from code above it
-        val outerScope = subroutine.definingScope
-        val outerStatements = outerScope.statements
-        val subroutineStmtIdx = outerStatements.indexOf(subroutine)
-        if (subroutineStmtIdx > 0) {
-            val prevStmt = outerStatements[subroutineStmtIdx-1]
-                if(outerScope !is Block
-                    && (prevStmt !is Jump || prevStmt.isGosub)
-                    && prevStmt !is Subroutine
-                    && prevStmt !is Return) {
-                mods += IAstModification.InsertAfter(outerStatements[subroutineStmtIdx - 1], returnStmt, outerScope)
-            }
-        }
-        return mods
-    }
-
-    override fun after(typecast: TypecastExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        // see if we can remove redundant typecasts (outside of expressions)
-        // such as casting byte<->ubyte,  word<->uword
-        // Also the special typecast of a reference type (str, array) to an UWORD will be changed into address-of,
-        //   UNLESS it's a str parameter in the containing subroutine - then we remove the typecast altogether
-        val sourceDt = typecast.expression.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
-        if (typecast.type in ByteDatatypes && sourceDt in ByteDatatypes
-                || typecast.type in WordDatatypes && sourceDt in WordDatatypes) {
-            if(typecast.parent !is Expression) {
-                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(typecast, typecast.expression, parent))
-            }
-        }
-
-        if(sourceDt in PassByReferenceDatatypes) {
-            if(typecast.type==DataType.UWORD) {
-                val identifier = typecast.expression as? IdentifierReference
-                if(identifier!=null) {
-                    return if(identifier.isSubroutineParameter(program)) {
-                        listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            typecast,
-                            typecast.expression,
-                            parent
-                        ))
-                    } else {
-                        listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            typecast,
-                            AddressOf(identifier, typecast.position),
-                            parent
-                        ))
-                    }
-                } else if(typecast.expression is IFunctionCall) {
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            typecast,
-                            typecast.expression,
-                            parent
-                    ))
-                }
-            } else {
-                errors.err("cannot cast pass-by-reference value to type ${typecast.type} (only to UWORD)", typecast.position)
-            }
-        }
-
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    @Suppress("DuplicatedCode")
-    override fun after(ifStatement: IfStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val prefixExpr = ifStatement.condition as? PrefixExpression
-        if(prefixExpr!=null && prefixExpr.operator=="not") {
-            // if not x -> if x==0
-            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(prefixExpr.expression, "==", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, ifStatement.condition.position), ifStatement.condition.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement.condition, booleanExpr, ifStatement))
-        }
-
-        val binExpr = ifStatement.condition as? BinaryExpression
-        if(binExpr==null || binExpr.operator !in comparisonOperators) {
-            // if x  ->  if x!=0,    if x+5  ->  if x+5 != 0
-            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(ifStatement.condition, "!=", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, ifStatement.condition.position), ifStatement.condition.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifStatement.condition, booleanExpr, ifStatement))
-        }
-
-        if((binExpr.left as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number==0.0 &&
-            (binExpr.right as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number!=0.0)
-            throw FatalAstException("0==X should have been swapped to if X==0")
-
-        // simplify the conditional expression, introduce simple assignments if required.
-        // NOTE: sometimes this increases code size because additional stores/loads are generated for the
-        //       intermediate variables. We assume these are optimized away from the resulting assembly code later.
-        val simplify = simplifyConditionalExpression(binExpr)
-        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-        if(simplify.rightVarAssignment!=null) {
-            modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.right, simplify.rightOperandReplacement!!, binExpr)
-            modifications += IAstModification.InsertBefore(ifStatement, simplify.rightVarAssignment, parent as IStatementContainer)
-        }
-        if(simplify.leftVarAssignment!=null) {
-            modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, simplify.leftOperandReplacement!!, binExpr)
-            modifications += IAstModification.InsertBefore(ifStatement, simplify.leftVarAssignment, parent as IStatementContainer)
-        }
-
-        return modifications
-    }
-
-    private class CondExprSimplificationResult(
-        val leftVarAssignment: Assignment?,
-        val leftOperandReplacement: Expression?,
-        val rightVarAssignment: Assignment?,
-        val rightOperandReplacement: Expression?
-    )
-
-    private fun simplifyConditionalExpression(expr: BinaryExpression): CondExprSimplificationResult {
-
-        // TODO: somehow figure out if the expr will result in stack-evaluation STILL after being split off,
-        //       in that case: do *not* split it off but just keep it as it is (otherwise code size increases)
-        // TODO: do NOT move this to an earler ast transform phase (such as StatementReorderer or StatementOptimizer) - it WILL result in larger code.
-        // TODO: this should be replaced by a general expression-evaluation optimization step.
-        //       the actual conditional expression in the statement should be no more than VARIABLE <COMPARISON-OPERATOR> SIMPLE-EXPRESSION
-
-        var leftAssignment: Assignment? = null
-        var leftOperandReplacement: Expression? = null
-        var rightAssignment: Assignment? = null
-        var rightOperandReplacement: Expression? = null
-
-        val separateLeftExpr = !expr.left.isSimple && expr.left !is IFunctionCall
-        val separateRightExpr = !expr.right.isSimple && expr.right !is IFunctionCall
-
-        if(separateLeftExpr) {
-            val name = getTempVarName(expr.left.inferType(program))
-            leftOperandReplacement = IdentifierReference(name, expr.position)
-            leftAssignment = Assignment(
-                AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(name, expr.position), null, null, expr.position),
-                expr.left,
-                expr.position
-            )
-        }
-        if(separateRightExpr) {
-            val dt = expr.right.inferType(program)
-            val name = when {
-                dt.istype(DataType.UBYTE) -> listOf("prog8_lib","retval_interm_ub")
-                dt.istype(DataType.UWORD) -> listOf("prog8_lib","retval_interm_uw")
-                dt.istype(DataType.BYTE) -> listOf("prog8_lib","retval_interm_b2")
-                dt.istype(DataType.WORD) -> listOf("prog8_lib","retval_interm_w2")
-                else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid dt")
-            }
-            rightOperandReplacement = IdentifierReference(name, expr.position)
-            rightAssignment = Assignment(
-                AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(name, expr.position), null, null, expr.position),
-                expr.right,
-                expr.position
-            )
-        }
-        return CondExprSimplificationResult(
-            leftAssignment, leftOperandReplacement,
-            rightAssignment, rightOperandReplacement
-        )
-    }
-
-    @Suppress("DuplicatedCode")
-    override fun after(untilLoop: UntilLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val prefixExpr = untilLoop.condition as? PrefixExpression
-        if(prefixExpr!=null && prefixExpr.operator=="not") {
-            // until not x -> until x==0
-            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(prefixExpr.expression, "==", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, untilLoop.condition.position), untilLoop.condition.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop.condition, booleanExpr, untilLoop))
-        }
-
-        val binExpr = untilLoop.condition as? BinaryExpression
-        if(binExpr==null || binExpr.operator !in comparisonOperators) {
-            // until x  ->  until x!=0,    until x+5  ->  until x+5 != 0
-            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(untilLoop.condition, "!=", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, untilLoop.condition.position), untilLoop.condition.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop.condition, booleanExpr, untilLoop))
-        }
-
-        if((binExpr.left as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number==0.0 &&
-            (binExpr.right as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number!=0.0)
-            throw FatalAstException("0==X should have been swapped to if X==0")
-
-        // simplify the conditional expression, introduce simple assignments if required.
-        // NOTE: sometimes this increases code size because additional stores/loads are generated for the
-        //       intermediate variables. We assume these are optimized away from the resulting assembly code later.
-        val simplify = simplifyConditionalExpression(binExpr)
-        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-        if(simplify.rightVarAssignment!=null) {
-            modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.right, simplify.rightOperandReplacement!!, binExpr)
-            modifications += IAstModification.InsertLast(simplify.rightVarAssignment, untilLoop.body)
-        }
-        if(simplify.leftVarAssignment!=null) {
-            modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, simplify.leftOperandReplacement!!, binExpr)
-            modifications += IAstModification.InsertLast(simplify.leftVarAssignment, untilLoop.body)
-        }
-
-        return modifications
-    }
-
-    @Suppress("DuplicatedCode")
-    override fun after(whileLoop: WhileLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val prefixExpr = whileLoop.condition as? PrefixExpression
-        if(prefixExpr!=null && prefixExpr.operator=="not") {
-            // while not x -> while x==0
-            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(prefixExpr.expression, "==", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, whileLoop.condition.position), whileLoop.condition.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(whileLoop.condition, booleanExpr, whileLoop))
-        }
-
-        val binExpr = whileLoop.condition as? BinaryExpression
-        if(binExpr==null || binExpr.operator !in comparisonOperators) {
-            // while x  ->  while x!=0,    while x+5  ->  while x+5 != 0
-            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(whileLoop.condition, "!=", NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(0, whileLoop.condition.position), whileLoop.condition.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(whileLoop.condition, booleanExpr, whileLoop))
-        }
-
-        if((binExpr.left as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number==0.0 &&
-            (binExpr.right as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number!=0.0)
-            throw FatalAstException("0==X should have been swapped to if X==0")
-
-        // TODO simplify the conditional expression, introduce simple assignments if required.
-        //      make sure to evaluate it only once, but also right at entry of the while loop
-        // NOTE: sometimes this increases code size because additional stores/loads are generated for the
-        //       intermediate variables. We assume these are optimized away from the resulting assembly code later.
-        // NOTE: this is nasty for a while-statement as the condition occurs at the top of the loop
-        //       so the expression needs to be evaluated also before the loop is entered...
-        //       but I don't want to duplicate the expression.
-        // val simplify = simplifyConditionalExpression(binExpr)
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    override fun after(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource==listOf("cmp")) {
-            // if the datatype of the arguments of cmp() are different, cast the byte one to word.
-            val arg1 = functionCallStatement.args[0]
-            val arg2 = functionCallStatement.args[1]
-            val dt1 = arg1.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
-            val dt2 = arg2.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
-            if(dt1 in ByteDatatypes) {
-                if(dt2 in ByteDatatypes)
-                    return noModifications
-                val (replaced, cast) = arg1.typecastTo(if(dt1==DataType.UBYTE) DataType.UWORD else DataType.WORD, dt1, true)
-                if(replaced)
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg1, cast, functionCallStatement))
-            } else {
-                if(dt2 in WordDatatypes)
-                    return noModifications
-                val (replaced, cast) = arg2.typecastTo(if(dt2==DataType.UBYTE) DataType.UWORD else DataType.WORD, dt2, true)
-                if(replaced)
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg2, cast, functionCallStatement))
-            }
-        }
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    override fun after(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-
-        val containingStatement = getContainingStatement(arrayIndexedExpression)
-        if(getComplexArrayIndexedExpressions(containingStatement).size > 1) {
-            errors.err("it's not possible to use more than one complex array indexing expression in a single statement; break it up via a temporary variable for instance", containingStatement.position)
-            return noModifications
-        }
-
-
-        val index = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr
-        if(index !is NumericLiteralValue && index !is IdentifierReference) {
-            // replace complex indexing expression with a temp variable to hold the computed index first
-            return getAutoIndexerVarFor(arrayIndexedExpression)
-        }
-
-        return noModifications
-    }
-
-    private fun getComplexArrayIndexedExpressions(stmt: Statement): List<ArrayIndexedExpression> {
-
-        class Searcher : IAstVisitor {
-            val complexArrayIndexedExpressions = mutableListOf<ArrayIndexedExpression>()
-            override fun visit(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression) {
-                val ix = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr
-                if(ix !is NumericLiteralValue && ix !is IdentifierReference)
-                    complexArrayIndexedExpressions.add(arrayIndexedExpression)
-            }
-
-            override fun visit(branchStatement: BranchStatement) {}
-
-            override fun visit(forLoop: ForLoop) {}
-
-            override fun visit(ifStatement: IfStatement) {
-                ifStatement.condition.accept(this)
-            }
-
-            override fun visit(untilLoop: UntilLoop) {
-                untilLoop.condition.accept(this)
-            }
-        }
-
-        val searcher = Searcher()
-        stmt.accept(searcher)
-        return searcher.complexArrayIndexedExpressions
-    }
-
-    private fun getContainingStatement(expression: Expression): Statement {
-        var node: Node = expression
-        while(node !is Statement)
-            node = node.parent
-
-        return node
-    }
-
-    private fun getAutoIndexerVarFor(expr: ArrayIndexedExpression): MutableList<IAstModification> {
-        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-        val statement = expr.containingStatement
-        val dt = expr.indexer.indexExpr.inferType(program)
-        val tempvar = if(dt.isBytes) listOf("prog8_lib","retval_interm_ub") else listOf("prog8_lib","retval_interm_b")
-        val target = AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(tempvar, expr.indexer.position), null, null, expr.indexer.position)
-        val assign = Assignment(target, expr.indexer.indexExpr, expr.indexer.position)
-        modifications.add(IAstModification.InsertBefore(statement, assign, statement.parent as IStatementContainer))
-        modifications.add(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.indexer.indexExpr, target.identifier!!.copy(), expr.indexer))
-        return modifications
-    }
-
-}

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/Compiler.kt

@@ -1,39 +1,47 @@
 package prog8.compiler
 
-import com.github.michaelbull.result.*
+import com.github.michaelbull.result.onFailure
 import prog8.ast.AstToSourceTextConverter
 import prog8.ast.IBuiltinFunctions
+import prog8.ast.IStatementContainer
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.AstException
 import prog8.ast.base.Position
 import prog8.ast.expressions.Expression
-import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.Directive
+import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
+import prog8.codegen.target.AtariTarget
+import prog8.codegen.target.C128Target
+import prog8.codegen.target.C64Target
+import prog8.codegen.target.Cx16Target
 import prog8.compiler.astprocessing.*
-import prog8.compiler.target.C64Target
-import prog8.compiler.target.Cx16Target
-import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
 import prog8.compilerinterface.*
 import prog8.optimizer.*
 import prog8.parser.ParseError
 import java.nio.file.Path
 import kotlin.io.path.Path
 import kotlin.io.path.nameWithoutExtension
+import kotlin.math.round
 import kotlin.system.measureTimeMillis
 
 
 class CompilationResult(val success: Boolean,
                         val program: Program,
                         val programName: String,
-                        val compTarget: ICompilationTarget,
+                        val compilationOptions: CompilationOptions,
                         val importedFiles: List<Path>)
 
 class CompilerArguments(val filepath: Path,
                         val optimize: Boolean,
                         val optimizeFloatExpressions: Boolean,
+                        val dontReinitGlobals: Boolean,
                         val writeAssembly: Boolean,
                         val slowCodegenWarnings: Boolean,
                         val quietAssembler: Boolean,
+                        val asmListfile: Boolean,
+                        val experimentalCodegen: Boolean,
                         val compilationTarget: String,
                         val sourceDirs: List<String> = emptyList(),
                         val outputDir: Path = Path(""),
@@ -49,24 +57,40 @@ fun compileProgram(args: CompilerArguments): CompilationResult {
 
     val compTarget =
         when(args.compilationTarget) {
-            C64Target.name -> C64Target
-            Cx16Target.name -> Cx16Target
+            C64Target.NAME -> C64Target()
+            C128Target.NAME -> C128Target()
+            Cx16Target.NAME -> Cx16Target()
+            AtariTarget.NAME -> AtariTarget()
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("invalid compilation target")
         }
 
+    var compilationOptions: CompilationOptions
+
     try {
         val totalTime = measureTimeMillis {
             // import main module and everything it needs
-            val (programresult, compilationOptions, imported) = parseImports(args.filepath, args.errors, compTarget, args.sourceDirs)
+            val (programresult, options, imported) = parseImports(args.filepath, args.errors, compTarget, args.sourceDirs)
+            compilationOptions = options
+            print("Parsed ${args.filepath}")
+            ModuleImporter.ansiEraseRestOfLine(true)
+
             with(compilationOptions) {
-                this.slowCodegenWarnings = args.slowCodegenWarnings
-                this.optimize = args.optimize
-                this.optimizeFloatExpressions = optimizeFloatExpr
+                slowCodegenWarnings = args.slowCodegenWarnings
+                optimize = args.optimize
+                optimizeFloatExpressions = optimizeFloatExpr
+                dontReinitGlobals = args.dontReinitGlobals
+                asmQuiet = args.quietAssembler
+                asmListfile = args.asmListfile
+                experimentalCodegen = args.experimentalCodegen
+                outputDir = args.outputDir.normalize()
             }
             program = programresult
             importedFiles = imported
             processAst(program, args.errors, compilationOptions)
-            if (compilationOptions.optimize)
+            if (compilationOptions.optimize) {
+//                println("*********** AST RIGHT BEFORE OPTIMIZING *************")
+//                printProgram(program)
+
                 optimizeAst(
                     program,
                     compilationOptions,
@@ -74,51 +98,53 @@ fun compileProgram(args: CompilerArguments): CompilationResult {
                     BuiltinFunctionsFacade(BuiltinFunctions),
                     compTarget
                 )
+            }
             postprocessAst(program, args.errors, compilationOptions)
 
 //            println("*********** AST BEFORE ASSEMBLYGEN *************")
 //            printProgram(program)
 
             if (args.writeAssembly) {
-                when (val result = writeAssembly(program, args.errors, args.outputDir, args.quietAssembler, compilationOptions)) {
+                when (val result = writeAssembly(program, args.errors, compilationOptions)) {
                     is WriteAssemblyResult.Ok -> programName = result.filename
                     is WriteAssemblyResult.Fail -> {
                         System.err.println(result.error)
-                        return CompilationResult(false, program, programName, compTarget, importedFiles)
+                        return CompilationResult(false, program, programName, compilationOptions, importedFiles)
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
         System.out.flush()
         System.err.flush()
-        println("\nTotal compilation+assemble time: ${totalTime / 1000.0} sec.")
-        return CompilationResult(true, program, programName, compTarget, importedFiles)
+        val seconds = totalTime/1000.0
+        println("\nTotal compilation+assemble time: ${round(seconds*100.0)/100.0} sec.")
+        return CompilationResult(true, program, programName, compilationOptions, importedFiles)
     } catch (px: ParseError) {
-        System.err.print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
+        System.err.print("\n\u001b[91m")  // bright red
         System.err.println("${px.position.toClickableStr()} parse error: ${px.message}".trim())
         System.err.print("\u001b[0m")  // reset
     } catch (ac: AbortCompilation) {
         if(!ac.message.isNullOrEmpty()) {
-            System.err.print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
+            System.err.print("\n\u001b[91m")  // bright red
             System.err.println(ac.message)
             System.err.print("\u001b[0m")  // reset
         }
     } catch (nsf: NoSuchFileException) {
-        System.err.print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
+        System.err.print("\n\u001b[91m")  // bright red
         System.err.println("File not found: ${nsf.message}")
         System.err.print("\u001b[0m")  // reset
     } catch (ax: AstException) {
-        System.err.print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
+        System.err.print("\n\u001b[91m")  // bright red
         System.err.println(ax.toString())
         System.err.print("\u001b[0m")  // reset
     } catch (x: Exception) {
-        print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
+        print("\n\u001b[91m")  // bright red
         println("\n* internal error *")
         print("\u001b[0m")  // reset
         System.out.flush()
         throw x
     } catch (x: NotImplementedError) {
-        print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
+        print("\n\u001b[91m")  // bright red
         println("\n* internal error: missing feature/code *")
         print("\u001b[0m")  // reset
         System.out.flush()
@@ -126,7 +152,13 @@ fun compileProgram(args: CompilerArguments): CompilationResult {
     }
 
     val failedProgram = Program("failed", BuiltinFunctionsFacade(BuiltinFunctions), compTarget, compTarget)
-    return CompilationResult(false, failedProgram, programName, compTarget, emptyList())
+    val dummyoptions = CompilationOptions(
+        OutputType.RAW, CbmPrgLauncherType.NONE, ZeropageType.DONTUSE, emptyList(),
+        floats = false,
+        noSysInit = true,
+        compTarget = compTarget
+    )
+    return CompilationResult(false, failedProgram, programName, dummyoptions, emptyList())
 }
 
 private class BuiltinFunctionsFacade(functions: Map<String, FSignature>): IBuiltinFunctions {
@@ -135,7 +167,7 @@ private class BuiltinFunctionsFacade(functions: Map<String, FSignature>): IBuilt
     override val names = functions.keys
     override val purefunctionNames = functions.filter { it.value.pure }.map { it.key }.toSet()
 
-    override fun constValue(name: String, args: List<Expression>, position: Position): NumericLiteralValue? {
+    override fun constValue(name: String, args: List<Expression>, position: Position): NumericLiteral? {
         val func = BuiltinFunctions[name]
         if(func!=null) {
             val exprfunc = func.constExpressionFunc
@@ -150,8 +182,6 @@ private class BuiltinFunctionsFacade(functions: Map<String, FSignature>): IBuilt
                     null
                 }
             }
-            else if(func.known_returntype==null)
-                return null  // builtin function $name can't be used here because it doesn't return a value
         }
         return null
     }
@@ -163,7 +193,7 @@ fun parseImports(filepath: Path,
                  errors: IErrorReporter,
                  compTarget: ICompilationTarget,
                  sourceDirs: List<String>): Triple<Program, CompilationOptions, List<Path>> {
-    println("Compiler target: ${compTarget.name}. Parsing...")
+    println("Compilation target: ${compTarget.name}")
     val bf = BuiltinFunctionsFacade(BuiltinFunctions)
     val program = Program(filepath.nameWithoutExtension, bf, compTarget, compTarget)
     bf.program = program
@@ -185,8 +215,11 @@ fun parseImports(filepath: Path,
     importer.importLibraryModule("math")
     importer.importLibraryModule("prog8_lib")
 
-    if (compilerOptions.launcher == LauncherType.BASIC && compilerOptions.output != OutputType.PRG)
+    if (compilerOptions.launcher == CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC && compilerOptions.output != OutputType.PRG)
         errors.err("BASIC launcher requires output type PRG", program.toplevelModule.position)
+    if(compilerOptions.launcher == CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC && compTarget.name==AtariTarget.NAME)
+        errors.err("atari target cannot use CBM BASIC launcher, use NONE", program.toplevelModule.position)
+
     errors.report()
 
     return Triple(program, compilerOptions, importedFiles)
@@ -215,7 +248,7 @@ fun determineCompilationOptions(program: Program, compTarget: ICompilationTarget
                 // error will be printed by the astchecker
             }
 
-    if (zpType == ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE && compTarget.name == Cx16Target.name) {
+    if (zpType == ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE && compTarget.name == Cx16Target.NAME) {
         System.err.println("Warning: zp option floatsafe changed to basicsafe for cx16 target")
         zpType = ZeropageType.BASICSAFE
     }
@@ -224,10 +257,16 @@ fun determineCompilationOptions(program: Program, compTarget: ICompilationTarget
         .asSequence()
         .filter { it is Directive && it.directive == "%zpreserved" }
         .map { (it as Directive).args }
+        .filter { it.size==2 && it[0].int!=null && it[1].int!=null }
         .map { it[0].int!!..it[1].int!! }
         .toList()
 
-    val outputType = if (outputTypeStr == null) OutputType.PRG else {
+    val outputType = if (outputTypeStr == null) {
+        if(compTarget is AtariTarget)
+            OutputType.XEX
+        else
+            OutputType.PRG
+    } else {
         try {
             OutputType.valueOf(outputTypeStr)
         } catch (x: IllegalArgumentException) {
@@ -235,12 +274,17 @@ fun determineCompilationOptions(program: Program, compTarget: ICompilationTarget
             OutputType.PRG
         }
     }
-    val launcherType = if (launcherTypeStr == null) LauncherType.BASIC else {
+    val launcherType = if (launcherTypeStr == null) {
+        when(compTarget) {
+            is AtariTarget -> CbmPrgLauncherType.NONE
+            else -> CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC
+        }
+    } else {
         try {
-            LauncherType.valueOf(launcherTypeStr)
+            CbmPrgLauncherType.valueOf(launcherTypeStr)
         } catch (x: IllegalArgumentException) {
             // set default value; actual check and error handling of invalid option is handled in the AstChecker later
-            LauncherType.BASIC
+            CbmPrgLauncherType.BASIC
         }
     }
 
@@ -253,41 +297,36 @@ fun determineCompilationOptions(program: Program, compTarget: ICompilationTarget
 }
 
 private fun processAst(program: Program, errors: IErrorReporter, compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
-    // perform initial syntax checks and processings
-    println("Processing for target ${compilerOptions.compTarget.name}...")
-    program.preprocessAst(program)
-    program.checkIdentifiers(errors, program, compilerOptions)
+    println("Analyzing code...")
+    program.preprocessAst(errors, compilerOptions.compTarget)
+    program.checkIdentifiers(errors, compilerOptions)
+    errors.report()
+    program.charLiteralsToUByteLiterals(compilerOptions.compTarget, errors)
     errors.report()
-    // TODO: turning char literals into UBYTEs via an encoding should really happen in code gen - but for that we'd need DataType.CHAR
-    //       ...but what do we gain from this? We can leave it as it is now: where a char literal is no more than syntactic sugar for an UBYTE value.
-    //       By introduction a CHAR dt, we will also lose the opportunity to do constant-folding on any expression containing a char literal.
-    //       Yes this is different from strings that are only encoded in the code gen phase.
-    program.charLiteralsToUByteLiterals(compilerOptions.compTarget)
     program.constantFold(errors, compilerOptions.compTarget)
     errors.report()
+    program.desugaring(errors)
+    errors.report()
     program.reorderStatements(errors, compilerOptions)
     errors.report()
-    program.addTypecasts(errors)
+    program.addTypecasts(errors, compilerOptions)
     errors.report()
-    program.variousCleanups(program, errors)
+    program.variousCleanups(errors, compilerOptions)
     errors.report()
     program.checkValid(errors, compilerOptions)
     errors.report()
-    program.checkIdentifiers(errors, program, compilerOptions)
+    program.checkIdentifiers(errors, compilerOptions)
     errors.report()
 }
 
 private fun optimizeAst(program: Program, compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, errors: IErrorReporter, functions: IBuiltinFunctions, compTarget: ICompilationTarget) {
-    // optimize the parse tree
     println("Optimizing...")
-
     val remover = UnusedCodeRemover(program, errors, compTarget)
     remover.visit(program)
     remover.applyModifications()
-
     while (true) {
         // keep optimizing expressions and statements until no more steps remain
-        val optsDone1 = program.simplifyExpressions()
+        val optsDone1 = program.simplifyExpressions(errors)
         val optsDone2 = program.splitBinaryExpressions(compilerOptions, compTarget)
         val optsDone3 = program.optimizeStatements(errors, functions, compTarget)
         program.constantFold(errors, compTarget) // because simplified statements and expressions can result in more constants that can be folded away
@@ -295,21 +334,21 @@ private fun optimizeAst(program: Program, compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, e
         if (optsDone1 + optsDone2 + optsDone3 == 0)
             break
     }
-
     errors.report()
 }
 
 private fun postprocessAst(program: Program, errors: IErrorReporter, compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
-    program.addTypecasts(errors)
-    errors.report()
-    program.variousCleanups(program, errors)
-    program.checkValid(errors, compilerOptions)          // check if final tree is still valid
+    program.desugaring(errors)
+    program.addTypecasts(errors, compilerOptions)
     errors.report()
+    program.variousCleanups(errors, compilerOptions)
     val callGraph = CallGraph(program)
     callGraph.checkRecursiveCalls(errors)
+    program.verifyFunctionArgTypes(errors)
     errors.report()
-    program.verifyFunctionArgTypes()
     program.moveMainAndStartToFirst()
+    program.checkValid(errors, compilerOptions)          // check if final tree is still valid
+    errors.report()
 }
 
 private sealed class WriteAssemblyResult {
@@ -319,38 +358,55 @@ private sealed class WriteAssemblyResult {
 
 private fun writeAssembly(program: Program,
                           errors: IErrorReporter,
-                          outputDir: Path,
-                          quietAssembler: Boolean,
                           compilerOptions: CompilationOptions
 ): WriteAssemblyResult {
-    // asm generation directly from the Ast
-    program.processAstBeforeAsmGeneration(compilerOptions, errors)
+    compilerOptions.compTarget.machine.initializeZeropage(compilerOptions)
+    val variables = VariableExtractor().extractVars(program)
+    program.processAstBeforeAsmGeneration(compilerOptions, variables, errors)
     errors.report()
 
+    // TODO make removing all VarDecls work, but this needs inferType to be able to get its information from somewhere else as the VarDecl nodes in the Ast,
+    //      or don't use inferType at all anymore and "bake the type information" into the Ast somehow.
+    //      Note: we don't actually *need* to remove the VarDecl nodes, but it is nice as a temporary measure
+    //      to help clean up the code that still depends on them.
+    // removeAllVardeclsFromAst(program)
+
 //    println("*********** AST RIGHT BEFORE ASM GENERATION *************")
 //    printProgram(program)
 
-    compilerOptions.compTarget.machine.initializeZeropage(compilerOptions)
-    val assembly = asmGeneratorFor(compilerOptions.compTarget,
-            program,
-            errors,
-            compilerOptions.compTarget.machine.zeropage,
-            compilerOptions,
-            outputDir).compileToAssembly()
+    val assembly = asmGeneratorFor(program, errors, variables, compilerOptions).compileToAssembly()
     errors.report()
 
-    return if(assembly.valid && errors.noErrors()) {
-        val assemblerReturnStatus = assembly.assemble(quietAssembler, compilerOptions)
-        if(assemblerReturnStatus!=0)
-            WriteAssemblyResult.Fail("assembler step failed with return code $assemblerReturnStatus")
-        else {
+    return if(assembly!=null && errors.noErrors()) {
+        if(assembly.assemble(compilerOptions)) {
             WriteAssemblyResult.Ok(assembly.name)
-        }
+        } else
+            WriteAssemblyResult.Fail("assembler step failed")
     } else {
         WriteAssemblyResult.Fail("compiler failed with errors")
     }
 }
 
+private fun removeAllVardeclsFromAst(program: Program) {
+    // remove all VarDecl nodes from the AST.
+    // code generation doesn't require them anymore, it operates only on the 'variables' collection.
+
+    class SearchAndRemove: IAstVisitor {
+        private val allVars = mutableListOf<VarDecl>()
+        init {
+            visit(program)
+            for (it in allVars) {
+                require((it.parent as IStatementContainer).statements.remove(it))
+            }
+        }
+        override fun visit(decl: VarDecl) {
+            allVars.add(decl)
+        }
+    }
+
+    SearchAndRemove()
+}
+
 fun printProgram(program: Program) {
     println()
     val printer = AstToSourceTextConverter(::print, program)
@@ -358,15 +414,15 @@ fun printProgram(program: Program) {
     println()
 }
 
-internal fun asmGeneratorFor(
-    compTarget: ICompilationTarget,
-    program: Program,
-    errors: IErrorReporter,
-    zp: Zeropage,
-    options: CompilationOptions,
-    outputDir: Path
-): IAssemblyGenerator
+internal fun asmGeneratorFor(program: Program, errors: IErrorReporter, variables: IVariablesAndConsts, options: CompilationOptions): IAssemblyGenerator
 {
-    // at the moment we only have one code generation backend (for 6502 and 65c02)
-    return AsmGen(program, errors, zp, options, compTarget, outputDir)
+    if(options.experimentalCodegen) {
+        if (options.compTarget.machine.cpu in arrayOf(CpuType.CPU6502, CpuType.CPU65c02))
+            return prog8.codegen.experimental6502.AsmGen(program, errors, variables, options)
+    } else {
+        if (options.compTarget.machine.cpu in arrayOf(CpuType.CPU6502, CpuType.CPU65c02))
+            return prog8.codegen.cpu6502.AsmGen(program, errors, variables, options)
+    }
+
+    throw NotImplementedError("no asm generator for cpu ${options.compTarget.machine.cpu}")
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/ErrorReporter.kt

@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ internal class ErrorReporter: IErrorReporter {
                 MessageSeverity.ERROR -> System.err
             }
             when(it.severity) {
-                MessageSeverity.ERROR -> printer.print("\u001b[91m")  // bright red
-                MessageSeverity.WARNING -> printer.print("\u001b[93m")  // bright yellow
+                MessageSeverity.ERROR -> printer.print("\u001b[91mERROR\u001B[0m ")  // bright red
+                MessageSeverity.WARNING -> printer.print("\u001b[93mWARN\u001B[0m ")  // bright yellow
             }
-            val msg = "${it.severity} ${it.position.toClickableStr()} ${it.message}".trim()
+            val msg = "${it.position.toClickableStr()} ${it.message}".trim()
             if(msg !in alreadyReportedMessages) {
                 printer.println(msg)
                 alreadyReportedMessages.add(msg)
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ internal class ErrorReporter: IErrorReporter {
                     MessageSeverity.ERROR -> numErrors++
                 }
             }
-            printer.print("\u001b[0m")      // reset color
         }
         System.out.flush()
         System.err.flush()

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/ModuleImporter.kt

@@ -39,11 +39,8 @@ class ModuleImporter(private val program: Program,
             else -> candidates.first()  // when more candiates, pick the one from the first location
         }
 
-        val logMsg = "importing '${filePath.nameWithoutExtension}' (from file $srcPath)"
-        println(logMsg)
-
-        val module = importModule(SourceCode.File(srcPath))
-        return Ok(module)
+        val source = SourceCode.File(srcPath)
+        return Ok(importModule(source))
     }
 
     fun importLibraryModule(name: String): Module? {
@@ -54,6 +51,7 @@ class ModuleImporter(private val program: Program,
     }
 
     private fun importModule(src: SourceCode) : Module {
+        printImportingMessage(src.name, src.origin)
         val moduleAst = Prog8Parser.parseModule(src)
         program.addModule(moduleAst)
 
@@ -91,7 +89,6 @@ class ModuleImporter(private val program: Program,
         val importedModule =
             moduleResourceSrc.fold(
                 success = {
-                    println("importing '$moduleName' (from internal ${it.origin})")
                     importModule(it)
                 },
                 failure = {
@@ -99,7 +96,6 @@ class ModuleImporter(private val program: Program,
                     val moduleSrc = getModuleFromFile(moduleName, importingModule)
                     moduleSrc.fold(
                         success = {
-                            println("importing '$moduleName' (from file ${it.origin})")
                             importModule(it)
                         },
                         failure = {
@@ -152,4 +148,18 @@ class ModuleImporter(private val program: Program,
 
         return Err(NoSuchFileException(File("name")))
     }
+
+    fun printImportingMessage(module: String, origin: String) {
+        print(" importing '$module'  (from ${origin})")
+        ansiEraseRestOfLine(false)
+        print("\r")
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        fun ansiEraseRestOfLine(newline: Boolean) {
+            print("\u001b[0K")
+            if(newline)
+                println()
+        }
+    }
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/AstChecker.kt

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
 
-import prog8.ast.INameScope
-import prog8.ast.IStatementContainer
-import prog8.ast.Module
-import prog8.ast.Program
+import prog8.ast.*
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
@@ -13,6 +10,9 @@ import java.io.CharConversionException
 import java.io.File
 import kotlin.io.path.Path
 
+/**
+ * Semantic analysis.
+ */
 internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                           private val errors: IErrorReporter,
                           private val compilerOptions: CompilationOptions
@@ -80,15 +80,15 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         super.visit(returnStmt)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(ifStatement: IfStatement) {
-        if(!ifStatement.condition.inferType(program).isInteger)
-            errors.err("condition value should be an integer type", ifStatement.condition.position)
-        super.visit(ifStatement)
+    override fun visit(ifElse: IfElse) {
+        if(!ifElse.condition.inferType(program).isInteger)
+            errors.err("condition value should be an integer type", ifElse.condition.position)
+        super.visit(ifElse)
     }
 
     override fun visit(forLoop: ForLoop) {
 
-        fun checkUnsignedLoopDownto0(range: RangeExpr?) {
+        fun checkUnsignedLoopDownto0(range: RangeExpression?) {
             if(range==null)
                 return
             val step = range.step.constValue(program)?.number ?: 1.0
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         }
 
         val iterableDt = forLoop.iterable.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.BYTE)
-        if(iterableDt !in IterableDatatypes && forLoop.iterable !is RangeExpr) {
+        if(iterableDt !in IterableDatatypes && forLoop.iterable !is RangeExpression) {
             errors.err("can only loop over an iterable type", forLoop.position)
         } else {
             val loopvar = forLoop.loopVar.targetVarDecl(program)
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                         if(iterableDt!= DataType.UBYTE && iterableDt!= DataType.ARRAY_UB && iterableDt != DataType.STR)
                             errors.err("ubyte loop variable can only loop over unsigned bytes or strings", forLoop.position)
 
-                        checkUnsignedLoopDownto0(forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpr)
+                        checkUnsignedLoopDownto0(forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpression)
                     }
                     DataType.UWORD -> {
                         if(iterableDt!= DataType.UBYTE && iterableDt!= DataType.UWORD && iterableDt != DataType.STR &&
                                 iterableDt != DataType.ARRAY_UB && iterableDt!= DataType.ARRAY_UW)
                             errors.err("uword loop variable can only loop over unsigned bytes, words or strings", forLoop.position)
 
-                        checkUnsignedLoopDownto0(forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpr)
+                        checkUnsignedLoopDownto0(forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpression)
                     }
                     DataType.BYTE -> {
                         if(iterableDt!= DataType.BYTE && iterableDt!= DataType.ARRAY_B)
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 }
                 if(errors.noErrors()) {
                     // check loop range values
-                    val range = forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpr
+                    val range = forLoop.iterable as? RangeExpression
                     if(range!=null) {
-                        val from = range.from as? NumericLiteralValue
-                        val to = range.to as? NumericLiteralValue
+                        val from = range.from as? NumericLiteral
+                        val to = range.to as? NumericLiteral
                         if(from != null)
                             checkValueTypeAndRange(loopvar.datatype, from)
                         else if(range.from.inferType(program) isnot loopvar.datatype)
@@ -165,10 +165,10 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         if(ident!=null) {
             val targetStatement = checkFunctionOrLabelExists(ident, jump)
             if(targetStatement!=null) {
-                if(targetStatement is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder)
+                if(targetStatement is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder)
                     errors.err("can't jump to a builtin function", jump.position)
             }
-            if(!jump.isGosub && targetStatement is Subroutine && targetStatement.parameters.any()) {
+            if(targetStatement is Subroutine && targetStatement.parameters.any()) {
                 errors.err("can't jump to a subroutine that takes parameters", jump.position)
             }
         }
@@ -179,6 +179,22 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         super.visit(jump)
     }
 
+    override fun visit(gosub: GoSub) {
+        val ident = gosub.identifier
+        if(ident!=null) {
+            val targetStatement = checkFunctionOrLabelExists(ident, gosub)
+            if(targetStatement!=null) {
+                if(targetStatement is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder)
+                    errors.err("can't gosub to a builtin function", gosub.position)
+            }
+        }
+
+        val addr = gosub.address
+        if(addr!=null && addr > 65535u)
+            errors.err("gosub address must be valid integer 0..\$ffff", gosub.position)
+        super.visit(gosub)
+    }
+
     override fun visit(block: Block) {
         val addr = block.address
         if(addr!=null && addr>65535u) {
@@ -192,8 +208,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 is Label,
                 is VarDecl,
                 is InlineAssembly,
-                is IStatementContainer,
-                is NopStatement -> true
+                is IStatementContainer -> true
                 is Assignment -> {
                     val target = statement.target.identifier!!.targetStatement(program)
                     target === statement.previousSibling()      // an initializer assignment is okay
@@ -226,8 +241,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 count++
             }
             override fun visit(jump: Jump) {
-                if(!jump.isGosub)
-                    count++
+                count++
             }
 
             override fun visit(inlineAssembly: InlineAssembly) {
@@ -439,6 +453,10 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 errors.err("typecasting a float value in-place makes no sense", assignment.value.position)
         }
 
+        val numvalue = assignment.value.constValue(program)
+        if(numvalue!=null && targetDt.isKnown)
+            checkValueTypeAndRange(targetDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), numvalue)
+
         super.visit(assignment)
     }
 
@@ -473,23 +491,15 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
-// target type check is already done at the Assignment:
-//        val targetDt = assignTarget.inferType(program, assignment).typeOrElse(DataType.STR)
-//        if(targetDt in IterableDatatypes)
-//            errors.err("cannot assign to a string or array type", assignTarget.position)
-
         if (assignment is Assignment) {
-
             val targetDatatype = assignTarget.inferType(program)
             if (targetDatatype.isKnown) {
                 val constVal = assignment.value.constValue(program)
-                if (constVal != null) {
-                    checkValueTypeAndRange(targetDatatype.getOr(DataType.BYTE), constVal)
-                } else {
+                if(constVal==null) {
                     val sourceDatatype = assignment.value.inferType(program)
                     if (sourceDatatype.isUnknown) {
-                        if (assignment.value !is FunctionCall)
-                            errors.err("assignment value is invalid or has no proper datatype", assignment.value.position)
+                        if (assignment.value !is FunctionCallExpression)
+                            errors.err("assignment value is invalid or has no proper datatype, maybe forgot '&' (address-of)", assignment.value.position)
                     } else {
                         checkAssignmentCompatible(targetDatatype.getOr(DataType.BYTE),
                                 sourceDatatype.getOr(DataType.BYTE), assignment.value)
@@ -523,9 +533,6 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         if(!compilerOptions.floats && decl.datatype.oneOf(DataType.FLOAT, DataType.ARRAY_F) && decl.type!= VarDeclType.MEMORY)
             err("floating point used, but that is not enabled via options")
 
-        if(decl.datatype == DataType.FLOAT && (decl.zeropage==ZeropageWish.REQUIRE_ZEROPAGE || decl.zeropage==ZeropageWish.PREFER_ZEROPAGE))
-            errors.warn("floating point values won't be placed in Zeropage due to size constraints", decl.position)
-
         // ARRAY without size specifier MUST have an iterable initializer value
         if(decl.isArray && decl.arraysize==null) {
             if(decl.type== VarDeclType.MEMORY)
@@ -534,12 +541,12 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 err("array variable is missing a size specification or an initialization value")
                 return
             }
-            if(decl.value is NumericLiteralValue) {
+            if(decl.value is NumericLiteral) {
                 err("unsized array declaration cannot use a single literal initialization value")
                 return
             }
-            if(decl.value is RangeExpr)
-                throw FatalAstException("range expressions in vardecls should have been converted into array values during constFolding  $decl")
+            if(decl.value is RangeExpression)
+                throw InternalCompilerException("range expressions in vardecls should have been converted into array values during constFolding  $decl")
         }
 
         when(decl.type) {
@@ -548,16 +555,16 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                     null -> {
                         // a vardecl without an initial value, don't bother with it
                     }
-                    is RangeExpr -> throw FatalAstException("range expression should have been converted to a true array value")
-                    is StringLiteralValue -> {
-                        checkValueTypeAndRangeString(decl.datatype, decl.value as StringLiteralValue)
+                    is RangeExpression -> throw InternalCompilerException("range expression should have been converted to a true array value")
+                    is StringLiteral -> {
+                        checkValueTypeAndRangeString(decl.datatype, decl.value as StringLiteral)
                     }
-                    is ArrayLiteralValue -> {
-                        val arraySpec = decl.arraysize ?: ArrayIndex.forArray(decl.value as ArrayLiteralValue)
-                        checkValueTypeAndRangeArray(decl.datatype, arraySpec, decl.value as ArrayLiteralValue)
+                    is ArrayLiteral -> {
+                        val arraySpec = decl.arraysize ?: ArrayIndex.forArray(decl.value as ArrayLiteral)
+                        checkValueTypeAndRangeArray(decl.datatype, arraySpec, decl.value as ArrayLiteral)
                     }
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                        checkValueTypeAndRange(decl.datatype, decl.value as NumericLiteralValue)
+                    is NumericLiteral -> {
+                        checkValueTypeAndRange(decl.datatype, decl.value as NumericLiteral)
                     }
                     else -> {
                         if(decl.type==VarDeclType.CONST) {
@@ -585,7 +592,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                         else -> {}
                     }
                 }
-                val numvalue = decl.value as? NumericLiteralValue
+                val numvalue = decl.value as? NumericLiteral
                 if(numvalue!=null) {
                     if (numvalue.type !in IntegerDatatypes || numvalue.number.toInt() < 0 || numvalue.number.toInt() > 65535) {
                         err("memory address must be valid integer 0..\$ffff")
@@ -635,10 +642,11 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 if(parameter==null)
                     err("string var must be initialized with a string literal")
             }
-            else if (decl.type==VarDeclType.VAR && decl.value !is StringLiteralValue)
-                err("string var can only be initialized with a string literal")
         }
 
+        if(compilerOptions.zeropage==ZeropageType.DONTUSE && decl.zeropage==ZeropageWish.REQUIRE_ZEROPAGE)
+            err("zeropage usage has been disabled by options")
+
         super.visit(decl)
     }
 
@@ -675,6 +683,8 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                     err("this directive may only occur at module level")
                 if(directive.args.size!=2 || directive.args[0].int==null || directive.args[1].int==null)
                     err("requires two addresses (start, end)")
+                if(directive.args[0].int!! > 255u || directive.args[1].int!! > 255u)
+                    err("start and end addresss must be in Zeropage so 0..255")
             }
             "%address" -> {
                 if(directive.parent !is Module)
@@ -743,7 +753,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
             errors.err("included file not found: $filename", directive.position)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(array: ArrayLiteralValue) {
+    override fun visit(array: ArrayLiteral) {
         if(array.type.isKnown) {
             if (!compilerOptions.floats && array.type.oneOf(DataType.FLOAT, DataType.ARRAY_F)) {
                 errors.err("floating point used, but that is not enabled via options", array.position)
@@ -757,11 +767,11 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 val decl = e.targetVarDecl(program)!!
                 return decl.datatype in PassByReferenceDatatypes
             }
-            return e is StringLiteralValue
+            return e is StringLiteral
         }
 
         if(array.parent is VarDecl) {
-            if (!array.value.all { it is NumericLiteralValue || it is AddressOf || isPassByReferenceElement(it) })
+            if (!array.value.all { it is NumericLiteral || it is AddressOf || isPassByReferenceElement(it) })
                 errors.err("array literal for variable initialization contains non-constant elements", array.position)
         } else if(array.parent is ForLoop) {
             if (!array.value.all { it.constValue(program) != null })
@@ -773,7 +783,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
 
     override fun visit(char: CharLiteral) {
         try {  // just *try* if it can be encoded, don't actually do it
-            compilerOptions.compTarget.encodeString(char.value.toString(), char.altEncoding)
+            compilerOptions.compTarget.encodeString(char.value.toString(), char.encoding)
         } catch (cx: CharConversionException) {
             errors.err(cx.message ?: "can't encode character", char.position)
         }
@@ -781,11 +791,13 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         super.visit(char)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(string: StringLiteralValue) {
+    override fun visit(string: StringLiteral) {
         checkValueTypeAndRangeString(DataType.STR, string)
 
         try {  // just *try* if it can be encoded, don't actually do it
-            compilerOptions.compTarget.encodeString(string.value, string.altEncoding)
+            val bytes = compilerOptions.compTarget.encodeString(string.value, string.encoding)
+            if(0u in bytes)
+                errors.warn("a character in the string encodes into the 0-byte, which will terminate the string prematurely", string.position)
         } catch (cx: CharConversionException) {
             errors.err(cx.message ?: "can't encode string", string.position)
         }
@@ -825,6 +837,13 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         val leftDt = leftIDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
         val rightDt = rightIDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
 
+        if(expr.operator=="+" || expr.operator=="-") {
+            if(leftDt == DataType.STR || rightDt == DataType.STR || leftDt in ArrayDatatypes || rightDt in ArrayDatatypes) {
+                errors.err("missing & (address-of) on the string operand", expr.position)
+                return
+            }
+        }
+
         when(expr.operator){
             "/", "%" -> {
                 val constvalRight = expr.right.constValue(program)
@@ -854,14 +873,30 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 if(leftDt !in IntegerDatatypes || rightDt !in IntegerDatatypes)
                     errors.err("bitwise operator can only be used on integer operands", expr.right.position)
             }
+            "in" -> throw FatalAstException("in expression should have been replaced by containmentcheck")
         }
 
         if(leftDt !in NumericDatatypes && leftDt != DataType.STR)
             errors.err("left operand is not numeric or str", expr.left.position)
         if(rightDt!in NumericDatatypes && rightDt != DataType.STR)
             errors.err("right operand is not numeric or str", expr.right.position)
-        if(leftDt!=rightDt)
-            errors.err("left and right operands aren't the same type", expr.left.position)
+        if(leftDt!=rightDt) {
+            if(leftDt==DataType.STR && rightDt in IntegerDatatypes) {
+                // only exception allowed: str * constvalue
+                if(expr.right.constValue(program)!=null)
+                    errors.err("can only use string repeat with a constant number value", expr.left.position)
+            } else {
+                errors.err("left and right operands aren't the same type", expr.left.position)
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(expr.operator !in ComparisonOperators) {
+            if (leftDt == DataType.STR && rightDt == DataType.STR || leftDt in ArrayDatatypes && rightDt in ArrayDatatypes) {
+                // str+str  and  str*number have already been const evaluated before we get here.
+                errors.err("no computational expressions with strings or arrays are possible", expr.position)
+            }
+        }
+
     }
 
     override fun visit(typecast: TypecastExpression) {
@@ -871,10 +906,13 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         if(!typecast.expression.inferType(program).isKnown)
             errors.err("this expression doesn't return a value", typecast.expression.position)
 
+        if(typecast.expression is NumericLiteral)
+            errors.err("can't cast the value to the requested target type", typecast.expression.position)
+
         super.visit(typecast)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(range: RangeExpr) {
+    override fun visit(range: RangeExpression) {
         fun err(msg: String) {
             errors.err(msg, range.position)
         }
@@ -907,28 +945,28 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         }
     }
 
-    override fun visit(functionCall: FunctionCall) {
+    override fun visit(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression) {
         // this function call is (part of) an expression, which should be in a statement somewhere.
-        val stmtOfExpression = findParentNode<Statement>(functionCall)
-                ?: throw FatalAstException("cannot determine statement scope of function call expression at ${functionCall.position}")
+        val stmtOfExpression = findParentNode<Statement>(functionCallExpr)
+                ?: throw FatalAstException("cannot determine statement scope of function call expression at ${functionCallExpr.position}")
 
-        val targetStatement = checkFunctionOrLabelExists(functionCall.target, stmtOfExpression)
+        val targetStatement = checkFunctionOrLabelExists(functionCallExpr.target, stmtOfExpression)
         if(targetStatement!=null)
-            checkFunctionCall(targetStatement, functionCall.args, functionCall.position)
+            checkFunctionCall(targetStatement, functionCallExpr.args, functionCallExpr.position)
 
         // warn about sgn(unsigned) this is likely a mistake
-        if(functionCall.target.nameInSource.last()=="sgn") {
-            val sgnArgType = functionCall.args.first().inferType(program)
+        if(functionCallExpr.target.nameInSource.last()=="sgn") {
+            val sgnArgType = functionCallExpr.args.first().inferType(program)
             if(sgnArgType istype DataType.UBYTE  || sgnArgType istype DataType.UWORD)
-                errors.warn("sgn() of unsigned type is always 0 or 1, this is perhaps not what was intended", functionCall.args.first().position)
+                errors.warn("sgn() of unsigned type is always 0 or 1, this is perhaps not what was intended", functionCallExpr.args.first().position)
         }
 
-        val error = VerifyFunctionArgTypes.checkTypes(functionCall, program)
+        val error = VerifyFunctionArgTypes.checkTypes(functionCallExpr, program)
         if(error!=null)
-            errors.err(error, functionCall.position)
+            errors.err(error.first, error.second)
 
         // check the functions that return multiple returnvalues.
-        val stmt = functionCall.target.targetStatement(program)
+        val stmt = functionCallExpr.target.targetStatement(program)
         if (stmt is Subroutine) {
             if (stmt.returntypes.size > 1) {
                 // Currently, it's only possible to handle ONE (or zero) return values from a subroutine.
@@ -939,12 +977,9 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 // if the asmsub returns multiple values and one of them is via a status register bit,
                 // it *is* possible to handle them by just actually assigning the register value and
                 // dealing with the status bit as just being that, the status bit after the call.
-                val (returnRegisters, returnStatusflags) = stmt.asmReturnvaluesRegisters.partition { rr -> rr.registerOrPair != null }
-                if (returnRegisters.isEmpty() || returnRegisters.size == 1) {
-                    if (returnStatusflags.any())
-                        errors.warn("this asmsub also has one or more return 'values' in one of the status flags", functionCall.position)
-                } else {
-                    errors.err("It's not possible to store the multiple result values of this asmsub call; you should use a small block of custom inline assembly for this.", functionCall.position)
+                val (returnRegisters, _) = stmt.asmReturnvaluesRegisters.partition { rr -> rr.registerOrPair != null }
+                if (returnRegisters.size>1) {
+                    errors.err("It's not possible to store the multiple result values of this asmsub call; you should use a small block of custom inline assembly for this.", functionCallExpr.position)
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -952,18 +987,25 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         // functions that don't return a value, can't be used in an expression or assignment
         if(targetStatement is Subroutine) {
             if(targetStatement.returntypes.isEmpty()) {
-                if(functionCall.parent is Expression || functionCall.parent is Assignment)
-                    errors.err("subroutine doesn't return a value", functionCall.position)
+                if(functionCallExpr.parent is Expression || functionCallExpr.parent is Assignment)
+                    errors.err("subroutine doesn't return a value", functionCallExpr.position)
             }
         }
-        else if(targetStatement is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder) {
-            if(builtinFunctionReturnType(targetStatement.name, functionCall.args, program).isUnknown) {
-                if(functionCall.parent is Expression || functionCall.parent is Assignment)
-                    errors.err("function doesn't return a value", functionCall.position)
+        else if(targetStatement is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder) {
+            val args = if(functionCallExpr.parent is IPipe) {
+                // pipe segment, add implicit first argument
+                val firstArgDt = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(targetStatement.name).parameters.first().possibleDatatypes.first()
+                listOf(defaultZero(firstArgDt, functionCallExpr.position)) + functionCallExpr.args
+            } else {
+                functionCallExpr.args
+            }
+            if(builtinFunctionReturnType(targetStatement.name, args, program).isUnknown) {
+                if(functionCallExpr.parent is Expression || functionCallExpr.parent is Assignment)
+                    errors.err("function doesn't return a value", functionCallExpr.position)
             }
         }
 
-        super.visit(functionCall)
+        super.visit(functionCallExpr)
     }
 
     override fun visit(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement) {
@@ -1008,9 +1050,8 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         }
 
         val error = VerifyFunctionArgTypes.checkTypes(functionCallStatement, program)
-        if(error!=null) {
-            errors.err(error, functionCallStatement.args.firstOrNull()?.position ?: functionCallStatement.position)
-        }
+        if(error!=null)
+            errors.err(error.first, error.second)
 
         super.visit(functionCallStatement)
     }
@@ -1019,7 +1060,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         if(target is Label && args.isNotEmpty())
             errors.err("cannot use arguments when calling a label", position)
 
-        if(target is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder) {
+        if(target is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder) {
             if(target.name=="swap") {
                 // swap() is a bit weird because this one is translated into an operations directly, instead of being a function call
                 val dt1 = args[0].inferType(program)
@@ -1055,16 +1096,14 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                     var ident: IdentifierReference? = null
                     if(arg.value is IdentifierReference)
                         ident = arg.value as IdentifierReference
-                    else if(arg.value is FunctionCall) {
-                        val fcall = arg.value as FunctionCall
+                    else if(arg.value is FunctionCallExpression) {
+                        val fcall = arg.value as FunctionCallExpression
                         if(fcall.target.nameInSource == listOf("lsb") || fcall.target.nameInSource == listOf("msb"))
                             ident = fcall.args[0] as? IdentifierReference
                     }
                     if(ident!=null && ident.nameInSource[0] == "cx16" && ident.nameInSource[1].startsWith("r")) {
                         var regname = ident.nameInSource[1].uppercase()
-                        if(regname.endsWith('L'))
-                            regname=regname.substring(0, regname.length-1)
-                        if(regname.endsWith('s'))
+                        if(regname.endsWith('L') || regname.endsWith('H') || regname.endsWith('s'))
                             regname=regname.substring(0, regname.length-1)
                         val reg = RegisterOrPair.valueOf(regname)
                         val same = params.filter { it.value.registerOrPair==reg }
@@ -1079,6 +1118,19 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         }
     }
 
+    override fun visit(pipe: PipeExpression) = process(pipe)
+
+    override fun visit(pipe: Pipe) = process(pipe)
+
+    private fun process(pipe: IPipe) {
+        if(pipe.source in pipe.segments)
+            throw InternalCompilerException("pipe source and segments should all be different nodes")
+        if (pipe.segments.isEmpty())
+            throw FatalAstException("pipe is missing one or more expressions")
+        if(pipe.segments.any { it !is IFunctionCall })
+            throw FatalAstException("pipe segments can only be function calls")
+    }
+
     override fun visit(postIncrDecr: PostIncrDecr) {
         if(postIncrDecr.target.identifier != null) {
             val targetName = postIncrDecr.target.identifier!!.nameInSource
@@ -1120,9 +1172,9 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 if(index!=null && (index<0 || index>=arraysize))
                     errors.err("array index out of bounds", arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.position)
             } else if(target.datatype == DataType.STR) {
-                if(target.value is StringLiteralValue) {
+                if(target.value is StringLiteral) {
                     // check string lengths for non-memory mapped strings
-                    val stringLen = (target.value as StringLiteralValue).value.length
+                    val stringLen = (target.value as StringLiteral).value.length
                     val index = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.constIndex()
                     if (index != null && (index < 0 || index >= stringLen))
                         errors.err("index out of bounds", arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.position)
@@ -1139,11 +1191,11 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         super.visit(arrayIndexedExpression)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(whenStatement: WhenStatement) {
-        if(!whenStatement.condition.inferType(program).isInteger)
-            errors.err("when condition must be an integer value", whenStatement.position)
+    override fun visit(whenStmt: When) {
+        if(!whenStmt.condition.inferType(program).isInteger)
+            errors.err("when condition must be an integer value", whenStmt.position)
         val tally = mutableSetOf<Int>()
-        for((choices, choiceNode) in whenStatement.choiceValues(program)) {
+        for((choices, choiceNode) in whenStmt.choiceValues(program)) {
             if(choices!=null) {
                 for (c in choices) {
                     if(c in tally)
@@ -1154,14 +1206,14 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
-        if(whenStatement.choices.isEmpty())
-            errors.err("empty when statement", whenStatement.position)
+        if(whenStmt.choices.isEmpty())
+            errors.err("empty when statement", whenStmt.position)
 
-        super.visit(whenStatement)
+        super.visit(whenStmt)
     }
 
     override fun visit(whenChoice: WhenChoice) {
-        val whenStmt = whenChoice.parent as WhenStatement
+        val whenStmt = whenChoice.parent as When
         if(whenChoice.values!=null) {
             val conditionType = whenStmt.condition.inferType(program)
             if(!conditionType.isKnown)
@@ -1181,28 +1233,76 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         super.visit(whenChoice)
     }
 
+    override fun visit(containment: ContainmentCheck) {
+        val elementDt = containment.element.inferType(program)
+        val iterableDt = containment.iterable.inferType(program)
+
+        if(containment.parent is BinaryExpression)
+            errors.err("containment check is currently not supported in complex expressions", containment.position)
+
+        val range = containment.iterable as? RangeExpression
+        if(range!=null && range.toConstantIntegerRange()==null)
+            errors.err("containment check requires a constant integer range", range.position)
+
+        if(iterableDt.isIterable) {
+            val iterableEltDt = ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(iterableDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED))
+            val invalidDt = if (elementDt.isBytes) {
+                iterableEltDt !in ByteDatatypes
+            } else if (elementDt.isWords) {
+                iterableEltDt !in WordDatatypes
+            } else {
+                false
+            }
+            if (invalidDt)
+                errors.err("element datatype doesn't match iterable datatype", containment.position)
+        } else {
+            errors.err("value set for containment check must be an iterable type", containment.iterable.position)
+        }
+
+        super.visit(containment)
+    }
+
     private fun checkFunctionOrLabelExists(target: IdentifierReference, statement: Statement): Statement? {
         when (val targetStatement = target.targetStatement(program)) {
-            is Label, is Subroutine, is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder -> return targetStatement
-            null -> errors.err("undefined function or subroutine: ${target.nameInSource.joinToString(".")}", statement.position)
-            else -> errors.err("cannot call that: ${target.nameInSource.joinToString(".")}", statement.position)
+            is Label, is Subroutine, is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder -> return targetStatement
+            is VarDecl -> {
+                if(statement is Jump) {
+                    if (targetStatement.datatype == DataType.UWORD)
+                        return targetStatement
+                    else
+                        errors.err("wrong address variable datatype, expected uword", target.position)
+                }
+                else
+                    errors.err("cannot call that: ${target.nameInSource.joinToString(".")}", target.position)
+            }
+            null -> errors.err("undefined function or subroutine: ${target.nameInSource.joinToString(".")}", target.position)
+            else -> errors.err("cannot call that: ${target.nameInSource.joinToString(".")}", target.position)
         }
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun checkValueTypeAndRangeString(targetDt: DataType, value: StringLiteralValue) : Boolean {
+    private fun checkValueTypeAndRangeString(targetDt: DataType, value: StringLiteral) : Boolean {
         return if (targetDt == DataType.STR) {
-            if (value.value.length > 255) {
-                errors.err("string length must be 0-255", value.position)
-                false
+            when {
+                value.value.length > 255 -> {
+                    errors.err("string length must be 0-255", value.position)
+                    false
+                }
+                value.value.isEmpty() -> {
+                    val decl = value.parent as? VarDecl
+                    if(decl!=null && (decl.zeropage==ZeropageWish.REQUIRE_ZEROPAGE || decl.zeropage==ZeropageWish.PREFER_ZEROPAGE)) {
+                        errors.err("string in Zeropage must be non-empty", value.position)
+                        false
+                    }
+                    else true
+                }
+                else -> true
             }
-            else
-                true
         }
         else false
     }
 
-    private fun checkValueTypeAndRangeArray(targetDt: DataType, arrayspec: ArrayIndex, value: ArrayLiteralValue) : Boolean {
+    private fun checkValueTypeAndRangeArray(targetDt: DataType, arrayspec: ArrayIndex, value: ArrayLiteral) : Boolean {
         fun err(msg: String) : Boolean {
             errors.err(msg, value.position)
             return false
@@ -1279,7 +1379,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         }
     }
 
-    private fun checkValueTypeAndRange(targetDt: DataType, value: NumericLiteralValue) : Boolean {
+    private fun checkValueTypeAndRange(targetDt: DataType, value: NumericLiteral) : Boolean {
         fun err(msg: String) : Boolean {
             errors.err(msg, value.position)
             return false
@@ -1323,10 +1423,10 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         return true
     }
 
-    private fun checkArrayValues(value: ArrayLiteralValue, type: DataType): Boolean {
+    private fun checkArrayValues(value: ArrayLiteral, type: DataType): Boolean {
         val array = value.value.map {
             when (it) {
-                is NumericLiteralValue -> it.number.toInt()
+                is NumericLiteral -> it.number.toInt()
                 is AddressOf -> it.identifier.hashCode() and 0xffff
                 is TypecastExpression -> {
                     val constVal = it.expression.constValue(program)
@@ -1366,7 +1466,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                                           sourceValue: Expression) : Boolean {
         val position = sourceValue.position
 
-        if(sourceValue is RangeExpr)
+        if(sourceValue is RangeExpression)
             errors.err("can't assign a range value to something else", position)
 
         val result =  when(targetDatatype) {
@@ -1407,7 +1507,7 @@ internal fun checkUnusedReturnValues(call: FunctionCallStatement, target: Statem
                 errors.warn("result value of subroutine call is discarded (use void?)", call.position)
             else
                 errors.warn("result values of subroutine call are discarded (use void?)", call.position)
-        } else if (target is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder) {
+        } else if (target is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder) {
             val rt = builtinFunctionReturnType(target.name, call.args, program)
             if (rt.isKnown)
                 errors.warn("result value of a function call is discarded (use void?)", call.position)

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/AstExtensions.kt

@@ -5,27 +5,33 @@ import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.DataType
 import prog8.ast.expressions.CharLiteral
 import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
-import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.Directive
+import prog8.ast.statements.VarDeclOrigin
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
-import prog8.compiler.BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger
-import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
-import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
-import prog8.compilerinterface.IStringEncoding
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
 
 
 internal fun Program.checkValid(errors: IErrorReporter, compilerOptions: CompilationOptions) {
+    // semantic analysis to see if the program is valid.
+    val parentChecker = ParentNodeChecker()
+    parentChecker.visit(this)
     val checker = AstChecker(this, errors, compilerOptions)
     checker.visit(this)
 }
 
-internal fun Program.processAstBeforeAsmGeneration(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, errors: IErrorReporter) {
-    val fixer = BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger(this, compilerOptions, errors)
+internal fun Program.processAstBeforeAsmGeneration(compilerOptions: CompilationOptions, variables: IVariablesAndConsts, errors: IErrorReporter) {
+    val fixer = BeforeAsmAstChanger(this, compilerOptions, variables, errors)
     fixer.visit(this)
     while(errors.noErrors() && fixer.applyModifications()>0) {
         fixer.visit(this)
     }
+    val cleaner = BeforeAsmTypecastCleaner(this, errors)
+    cleaner.visit(this)
+    while(errors.noErrors() && cleaner.applyModifications()>0) {
+        cleaner.visit(this)
+    }
 }
 
 internal fun Program.reorderStatements(errors: IErrorReporter, options: CompilationOptions) {
@@ -39,12 +45,17 @@ internal fun Program.reorderStatements(errors: IErrorReporter, options: Compilat
     }
 }
 
-internal fun Program.charLiteralsToUByteLiterals(enc: IStringEncoding) {
+internal fun Program.charLiteralsToUByteLiterals(target: ICompilationTarget, errors: IErrorReporter) {
     val walker = object : AstWalker() {
         override fun after(char: CharLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+            require(char.encoding != Encoding.DEFAULT)
+            if(char.encoding != Encoding.DEFAULT && char.encoding !in target.supportedEncodings) {
+                errors.err("compilation target doesn't support this text encoding", char.position)
+                return noModifications
+            }
             return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
                 char,
-                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, enc.encodeString(char.value.toString(), char.altEncoding)[0].toDouble(), char.position),
+                NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, target.encodeString(char.value.toString(), char.encoding)[0].toDouble(), char.position),
                 parent
             ))
         }
@@ -53,42 +64,49 @@ internal fun Program.charLiteralsToUByteLiterals(enc: IStringEncoding) {
     walker.applyModifications()
 }
 
-internal fun Program.addTypecasts(errors: IErrorReporter) {
-    val caster = TypecastsAdder(this, errors)
+internal fun Program.addTypecasts(errors: IErrorReporter, options: CompilationOptions) {
+    val caster = TypecastsAdder(this, options, errors)
     caster.visit(this)
     caster.applyModifications()
 }
 
-internal fun Program.verifyFunctionArgTypes() {
-    val fixer = VerifyFunctionArgTypes(this)
+fun Program.desugaring(errors: IErrorReporter): Int {
+    val desugar = CodeDesugarer(this, errors)
+    desugar.visit(this)
+    return desugar.applyModifications()
+}
+
+internal fun Program.verifyFunctionArgTypes(errors: IErrorReporter) {
+    val fixer = VerifyFunctionArgTypes(this, errors)
     fixer.visit(this)
 }
 
-internal fun Program.preprocessAst(program: Program) {
-    val transforms = AstPreprocessor(program)
+internal fun Program.preprocessAst(errors: IErrorReporter, target: ICompilationTarget) {
+    val transforms = AstPreprocessor(this, errors, target)
     transforms.visit(this)
     var mods = transforms.applyModifications()
     while(mods>0)
         mods = transforms.applyModifications()
 }
 
-internal fun Program.checkIdentifiers(errors: IErrorReporter, program: Program, options: CompilationOptions) {
+internal fun Program.checkIdentifiers(errors: IErrorReporter, options: CompilationOptions) {
 
-    val checker2 = AstIdentifiersChecker(errors, program, options.compTarget)
+    val checker2 = AstIdentifiersChecker(errors, this, options.compTarget)
     checker2.visit(this)
 
     if(errors.noErrors()) {
         val transforms = AstVariousTransforms(this)
         transforms.visit(this)
         transforms.applyModifications()
-        val lit2decl = LiteralsToAutoVars(this)
+        val lit2decl = LiteralsToAutoVars(this, options.compTarget, errors)
         lit2decl.visit(this)
-        lit2decl.applyModifications()
+        if(errors.noErrors())
+            lit2decl.applyModifications()
     }
 }
 
-internal fun Program.variousCleanups(program: Program, errors: IErrorReporter) {
-    val process = VariousCleanups(program, errors)
+internal fun Program.variousCleanups(errors: IErrorReporter, options: CompilationOptions) {
+    val process = VariousCleanups(this, errors, options)
     process.visit(this)
     if(errors.noErrors())
         process.applyModifications()
@@ -126,7 +144,7 @@ internal fun Program.moveMainAndStartToFirst() {
 
 internal fun IdentifierReference.isSubroutineParameter(program: Program): Boolean {
     val vardecl = this.targetVarDecl(program)
-    if(vardecl!=null && vardecl.autogeneratedDontRemove) {
+    if(vardecl!=null && vardecl.origin==VarDeclOrigin.SUBROUTINEPARAM) {
         return vardecl.definingSubroutine?.parameters?.any { it.name==vardecl.name } == true
     }
     return false

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/AstIdentifiersChecker.kt

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
 
 import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
+import prog8.ast.IPipe
 import prog8.ast.Node
 import prog8.ast.Program
-import prog8.ast.base.FatalAstException
 import prog8.ast.base.Position
-import prog8.ast.expressions.FunctionCall
-import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.FunctionCallExpression
+import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
 import prog8.compilerinterface.BuiltinFunctions
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ internal class AstIdentifiersChecker(private val errors: IErrorReporter,
             // the builtin functions can't be redefined
             errors.err("builtin function cannot be redefined", label.position)
         } else {
-            val existing = label.definingSubroutine?.getAllLabels(label.name) ?: emptyList()
+            val existing = (label.definingSubroutine ?: label.definingBlock).getAllLabels(label.name)
             for(el in existing) {
                 if(el === label || el.name != label.name)
                     continue
@@ -122,29 +122,56 @@ internal class AstIdentifiersChecker(private val errors: IErrorReporter,
         super.visit(label)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(string: StringLiteralValue) {
+    override fun visit(string: StringLiteral) {
         if (string.value.length > 255)
             errors.err("string literal length max is 255", string.position)
 
         super.visit(string)
     }
 
-    override fun visit(functionCall: FunctionCall) =  visitFunctionCall(functionCall)
+    override fun visit(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression) =  visitFunctionCall(functionCallExpr)
     override fun visit(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement) =  visitFunctionCall(functionCallStatement)
 
     private fun visitFunctionCall(call: IFunctionCall) {
+        val isPartOfPipeSegments = (call.parent as? IPipe)?.segments?.contains(call as Node) == true
+        val errormessageAboutArgs = if(isPartOfPipeSegments) "invalid number of arguments in piped call" else "invalid number of arguments"
         when (val target = call.target.targetStatement(program)) {
             is Subroutine -> {
-                if(call.args.size != target.parameters.size) {
+                // if the call is part of a Pipe, the number of arguments in the call should be 1 less than the number of parameters
+                val expectedNumberOfArgs: Int = if(isPartOfPipeSegments) {
+                    target.parameters.size - 1
+                } else {
+                    target.parameters.size
+                }
+                if(call.args.size != expectedNumberOfArgs) {
                     val pos = (if(call.args.any()) call.args[0] else (call as Node)).position
-                    errors.err("invalid number of arguments", pos)
+                    errors.err(errormessageAboutArgs, pos)
                 }
             }
-            is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder -> {
+            is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder -> {
                 val func = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(target.name)
-                if(call.args.size != func.parameters.size) {
+                // if the call is part of a Pipe, the number of arguments in the call should be 1 less than the number of parameters
+                val expectedNumberOfArgs: Int = if(isPartOfPipeSegments) {
+                    func.parameters.size-1
+                } else {
+                    func.parameters.size
+                }
+                if(call.args.size != expectedNumberOfArgs) {
                     val pos = (if(call.args.any()) call.args[0] else (call as Node)).position
-                    errors.err("invalid number of arguments", pos)
+                    errors.err(errormessageAboutArgs, pos)
+                }
+                if(func.name=="memory") {
+                    val name = call.args[0] as? StringLiteral
+                    if(name!=null) {
+                        val processed = name.value.map {
+                            if(it.isLetterOrDigit())
+                                it
+                            else
+                                '_'
+                        }.joinToString("")
+                        call.args[0] = StringLiteral(processed, compTarget.defaultEncoding, name.position)
+                        call.args[0].linkParents(call as Node)
+                    }
                 }
             }
             is Label -> {
@@ -154,7 +181,7 @@ internal class AstIdentifiersChecker(private val errors: IErrorReporter,
                 }
             }
             null -> {}
-            else -> throw FatalAstException("weird call target")
+            else -> errors.err("cannot call this as a subroutine or function", call.target.position)
         }
     }
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/AstPreprocessor.kt

@@ -1,27 +1,38 @@
 package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
 
+import prog8.ast.IPipe
 import prog8.ast.Node
 import prog8.ast.Program
-import prog8.ast.base.NumericDatatypes
-import prog8.ast.base.SyntaxError
-import prog8.ast.base.VarDeclType
-import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
-import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
-import prog8.ast.expressions.RangeExpr
-import prog8.ast.statements.AnonymousScope
-import prog8.ast.statements.AssignTarget
-import prog8.ast.statements.Assignment
-import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
+import prog8.ast.base.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.getTempRegisterName
+import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Encoding
+import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
+import prog8.compilerinterface.InternalCompilerException
 
 
-class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
+class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter, val compTarget: ICompilationTarget) : AstWalker() {
 
-    override fun after(range: RangeExpr, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun before(char: CharLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(char.encoding==Encoding.DEFAULT)
+            char.encoding = compTarget.defaultEncoding
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(string: StringLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(string.encoding==Encoding.DEFAULT)
+            string.encoding = compTarget.defaultEncoding
+        return super.before(string, parent)
+    }
+
+    override fun after(range: RangeExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // has to be done before the constant folding, otherwise certain checks there will fail on invalid range sizes
         val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-        if(range.from !is NumericLiteralValue) {
+        if(range.from !is NumericLiteral) {
             try {
                 val constval = range.from.constValue(program)
                 if (constval != null)
@@ -30,7 +41,7 @@ class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 // syntax errors will be reported later
             }
         }
-        if(range.to !is NumericLiteralValue) {
+        if(range.to !is NumericLiteral) {
             try {
                 val constval = range.to.constValue(program)
                 if(constval!=null)
@@ -39,7 +50,7 @@ class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 // syntax errors will be reported later
             }
         }
-        if(range.step !is NumericLiteralValue) {
+        if(range.step !is NumericLiteral) {
             try {
                 val constval = range.step.constValue(program)
                 if(constval!=null)
@@ -51,11 +62,11 @@ class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return modifications
     }
 
-    override fun before(scope: AnonymousScope, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun after(scope: AnonymousScope, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
 
         // move vardecls in Anonymous scope up to the containing subroutine
         // and add initialization assignment in its place if needed
-        val vars = scope.statements.filterIsInstance<VarDecl>()
+        val vars = scope.statements.asSequence().filterIsInstance<VarDecl>()
         val parentscope = scope.definingScope
         if(vars.any() && parentscope !== parent) {
             val movements = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
@@ -68,7 +79,7 @@ class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
                 } else {
                     if(decl.value!=null && decl.datatype in NumericDatatypes) {
                         val target = AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(listOf(decl.name), decl.position), null, null, decl.position)
-                        val assign = Assignment(target, decl.value!!, decl.position)
+                        val assign = Assignment(target, decl.value!!, AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT, decl.position)
                         replacements.add(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(decl, assign, scope))
                         decl.value = null
                         decl.allowInitializeWithZero = false
@@ -82,4 +93,89 @@ class AstPreprocessor(val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         }
         return noModifications
     }
+
+    override fun after(expr: BinaryExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        // this has to be done here becuse otherwise the string / range literal values will have been replaced by variables
+        if(expr.operator=="in") {
+            val containment = ContainmentCheck(expr.left, expr.right, expr.position)
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, containment, parent))
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val nextAssignment = decl.nextSibling() as? Assignment
+        if(nextAssignment!=null && nextAssignment.origin!=AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT) {
+            // check if it's a proper initializer assignment for the variable
+            if(decl.value==null && nextAssignment.target.identifier?.targetVarDecl(program)===decl) {
+                if(!nextAssignment.value.referencesIdentifier(nextAssignment.target.identifier!!.nameInSource))
+                    nextAssignment.origin = AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT
+            }
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(pipe: Pipe, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(pipe.source is PipeExpression) {
+            // correct Antlr parse tree quirk: turn nested pipe into single flat pipe
+            val psrc = pipe.source as PipeExpression
+            val newSource = psrc.source
+            val newSegments = psrc.segments
+            newSegments += pipe.segments.single()
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(pipe as Node, Pipe(newSource, newSegments, pipe.position), parent))
+        }
+
+        return process(pipe, parent)
+    }
+
+    override fun before(pipeExpr: PipeExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(pipeExpr.source is PipeExpression) {
+            // correct Antlr parse tree quirk; turn nested pipe into single flat pipe
+            val psrc = pipeExpr.source as PipeExpression
+            val newSource = psrc.source
+            val newSegments = psrc.segments
+            newSegments += pipeExpr.segments.single()
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(pipeExpr as Node, PipeExpression(newSource, newSegments, pipeExpr.position), parent))
+        }
+
+        return process(pipeExpr, parent)
+    }
+
+    private fun process(pipe: IPipe, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(pipe.source is IPipe)
+            throw InternalCompilerException("pipe source should have been adjusted to be a normal expression")
+
+        return noModifications
+
+// TODO don't use artifical inserted args, fix the places that check for arg numbers instead.
+        // add the "missing" first argument to each function call in the pipe segments
+        // so that all function call related checks just pass
+        // might have to remove it again when entering code generation pass, or just replace it there
+        // with the proper output value of the previous pipe segment.
+
+//        val mutations = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+//        var valueDt = pipe.source.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw FatalAstException("invalid dt") }
+//        pipe.segments.forEach { call->
+//            val dummyFirstArg = when (valueDt) {
+//                DataType.UBYTE -> FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("rnd"), pipe.position), mutableListOf(), pipe.position)
+//                DataType.UWORD -> FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("rndw"), pipe.position), mutableListOf(), pipe.position)
+//                DataType.BYTE, DataType.WORD -> IdentifierReference(
+//                    getTempRegisterName(InferredTypes.InferredType.known(valueDt)),
+//                    pipe.position
+//                ) // there's no builtin function we can abuse that returns a signed byte or word type   // TODO maybe use a typecasted expression around rnd?
+//                DataType.FLOAT -> FunctionCallExpression(IdentifierReference(listOf("rndf"), pipe.position), mutableListOf(), pipe.position)
+//                else -> throw FatalAstException("invalid dt")
+//            }
+//
+//            mutations += IAstModification.SetExpression(
+//                { newexpr -> call.args.add(0, newexpr) },
+//                dummyFirstArg, parent
+//            )
+//
+//            if(call!==pipe.segments.last())
+//                valueDt = call.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw FatalAstException("invalid dt") }
+//        }
+//        return mutations
+
+    }
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/AstVariousTransforms.kt

@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ import prog8.ast.base.DataType
 import prog8.ast.expressions.ArrayIndexedExpression
 import prog8.ast.expressions.BinaryExpression
 import prog8.ast.expressions.DirectMemoryRead
-import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteralValue
-import prog8.ast.statements.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteral
+import prog8.ast.statements.AssignTarget
+import prog8.ast.statements.DirectMemoryWrite
+import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
+import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
 
@@ -21,7 +24,7 @@ internal class AstVariousTransforms(private val program: Program) : AstWalker()
         val namesInSub = symbolsInSub.map{ it.first }.toSet()
         if(subroutine.asmAddress==null) {
             if(!subroutine.isAsmSubroutine && subroutine.parameters.isNotEmpty()) {
-                val vars = subroutine.statements.filterIsInstance<VarDecl>().map { it.name }.toSet()
+                val vars = subroutine.statements.asSequence().filterIsInstance<VarDecl>().map { it.name }.toSet()
                 if(!vars.containsAll(subroutine.parameters.map{it.name})) {
                     return subroutine.parameters
                             .filter { it.name !in namesInSub }
@@ -37,8 +40,8 @@ internal class AstVariousTransforms(private val program: Program) : AstWalker()
     }
 
     override fun after(expr: BinaryExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val leftStr = expr.left as? StringLiteralValue
-        val rightStr = expr.right as? StringLiteralValue
+        val leftStr = expr.left as? StringLiteral
+        val rightStr = expr.right as? StringLiteral
         if(expr.operator == "+") {
             val concatenatedString = concatString(expr)
             if(concatenatedString!=null)
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ internal class AstVariousTransforms(private val program: Program) : AstWalker()
                 val amount = expr.right.constValue(program)
                 if(amount!=null) {
                     val string = leftStr.value.repeat(amount.number.toInt())
-                    val strval = StringLiteralValue(string, leftStr.altEncoding, expr.position)
+                    val strval = StringLiteral(string, leftStr.encoding, expr.position)
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, strval, parent))
                 }
             }
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ internal class AstVariousTransforms(private val program: Program) : AstWalker()
                 val amount = expr.right.constValue(program)
                 if(amount!=null) {
                     val string = rightStr.value.repeat(amount.number.toInt())
-                    val strval = StringLiteralValue(string, rightStr.altEncoding, expr.position)
+                    val strval = StringLiteral(string, rightStr.encoding, expr.position)
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr, strval, parent))
                 }
             }
@@ -70,9 +73,9 @@ internal class AstVariousTransforms(private val program: Program) : AstWalker()
         return replacePointerVarIndexWithMemreadOrMemwrite(program, arrayIndexedExpression, parent)
     }
 
-    private fun concatString(expr: BinaryExpression): StringLiteralValue? {
-        val rightStrval = expr.right as? StringLiteralValue
-        val leftStrval = expr.left as? StringLiteralValue
+    private fun concatString(expr: BinaryExpression): StringLiteral? {
+        val rightStrval = expr.right as? StringLiteral
+        val leftStrval = expr.left as? StringLiteral
         return when {
             expr.operator!="+" -> null
             expr.left is BinaryExpression && rightStrval!=null -> {
@@ -80,17 +83,17 @@ internal class AstVariousTransforms(private val program: Program) : AstWalker()
                 if(subStrVal==null)
                     null
                 else
-                    StringLiteralValue("${subStrVal.value}${rightStrval.value}", subStrVal.altEncoding, rightStrval.position)
+                    StringLiteral("${subStrVal.value}${rightStrval.value}", subStrVal.encoding, rightStrval.position)
             }
             expr.right is BinaryExpression && leftStrval!=null -> {
                 val subStrVal = concatString(expr.right as BinaryExpression)
                 if(subStrVal==null)
                     null
                 else
-                    StringLiteralValue("${leftStrval.value}${subStrVal.value}", subStrVal.altEncoding, leftStrval.position)
+                    StringLiteral("${leftStrval.value}${subStrVal.value}", subStrVal.encoding, leftStrval.position)
             }
             leftStrval!=null && rightStrval!=null -> {
-                StringLiteralValue("${leftStrval.value}${rightStrval.value}", leftStrval.altEncoding, leftStrval.position)
+                StringLiteral("${leftStrval.value}${rightStrval.value}", leftStrval.encoding, leftStrval.position)
             }
             else -> null
         }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/BeforeAsmAstChanger.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
+
+import prog8.ast.*
+import prog8.ast.base.*
+import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.statements.*
+import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
+import prog8.compilerinterface.*
+
+internal class BeforeAsmAstChanger(val program: Program,
+                                   private val options: CompilationOptions,
+                                   private val variables: IVariablesAndConsts,
+                                   private val errors: IErrorReporter
+) : AstWalker() {
+
+    override fun before(breakStmt: Break, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        throw InternalCompilerException("break should have been replaced by goto $breakStmt")
+    }
+
+    override fun before(whileLoop: WhileLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        throw InternalCompilerException("while should have been converted to jumps")
+    }
+
+    override fun before(untilLoop: UntilLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        throw InternalCompilerException("do..until should have been converted to jumps")
+    }
+
+    override fun before(block: Block, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        // move all subroutines to the bottom of the block
+        val subs = block.statements.filterIsInstance<Subroutine>()
+        block.statements.removeAll(subs)
+        block.statements.addAll(subs)
+
+        // adjust global variables initialization
+        if(options.dontReinitGlobals) {
+            block.statements.asSequence().filterIsInstance<VarDecl>().forEach {
+                if(it.type==VarDeclType.VAR) {
+                    it.zeropage = ZeropageWish.NOT_IN_ZEROPAGE
+                    it.findInitializer(program)?.let { initializer ->
+                        it.value = initializer.value     // put the init value back into the vardecl
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(!options.dontReinitGlobals) {
+            if (decl.type == VarDeclType.VAR && decl.value != null && decl.datatype in NumericDatatypes)
+                throw InternalCompilerException("vardecls for variables, with initial numerical value, should have been rewritten as plain vardecl + assignment $decl")
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(assignment: Assignment, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        // Try to replace A = B <operator> Something  by A= B, A = A <operator> Something
+        // this triggers the more efficent augmented assignment code generation more often.
+        // But it can only be done if the target variable IS NOT OCCURRING AS AN OPERAND ITSELF.
+        if(!assignment.isAugmentable
+            && assignment.target.identifier != null
+            && !assignment.target.isIOAddress(options.compTarget.machine)) {
+            val binExpr = assignment.value as? BinaryExpression
+
+            if(binExpr!=null && binExpr.inferType(program) istype DataType.FLOAT && !options.optimizeFloatExpressions)
+                return noModifications
+
+            if (binExpr != null && binExpr.operator !in ComparisonOperators) {
+                if (binExpr.left !is BinaryExpression) {
+                    if (binExpr.right.referencesIdentifier(assignment.target.identifier!!.nameInSource)) {
+                        // the right part of the expression contains the target variable itself.
+                        // we can't 'split' it trivially because the variable will be changed halfway through.
+                        if(binExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
+                            // A = <something-without-A>  <associativeoperator>  <otherthing-with-A>
+                            // use the other part of the expression to split.
+                            val sourceDt = binExpr.right.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
+                            val (_, right) = binExpr.right.typecastTo(assignment.target.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError(
+                                "unknown dt"
+                            )
+                            }, sourceDt, implicit=true)
+                            val assignRight = Assignment(assignment.target, right, AssignmentOrigin.BEFOREASMGEN, assignment.position)
+                            return listOf(
+                                IAstModification.InsertBefore(assignment, assignRight, parent as IStatementContainer),
+                                IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.right, binExpr.left, binExpr),
+                                IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, assignment.target.toExpression(), binExpr)
+                            )
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        val sourceDt = binExpr.left.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError("unknown dt") }
+                        val (_, left) = binExpr.left.typecastTo(assignment.target.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw AssemblyError(
+                            "unknown dt"
+                        )
+                        }, sourceDt, implicit=true)
+                        val assignLeft = Assignment(assignment.target, left, AssignmentOrigin.BEFOREASMGEN, assignment.position)
+                        return listOf(
+                            IAstModification.InsertBefore(assignment, assignLeft, parent as IStatementContainer),
+                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, assignment.target.toExpression(), binExpr)
+                        )
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(scope: AnonymousScope, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(scope.statements.any { it is VarDecl || it is IStatementContainer })
+            throw FatalAstException("anonymousscope may no longer contain any vardecls or subscopes")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(subroutine: Subroutine, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val mods = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+
+        // add the implicit return statement at the end (if it's not there yet), but only if it's not a kernal routine.
+        // and if an assembly block doesn't contain a rts/rti, and some other situations.
+        if (!subroutine.isAsmSubroutine && (!subroutine.inline || !options.optimize)) {
+            if(subroutine.statements.isEmpty() ||
+                (subroutine.amountOfRtsInAsm() == 0
+                        && subroutine.statements.lastOrNull { it !is VarDecl } !is Return
+                        && subroutine.statements.last() !is Subroutine
+                        && subroutine.statements.last() !is Return)) {
+                val returnStmt = Return(null, subroutine.position)
+                mods += IAstModification.InsertLast(returnStmt, subroutine)
+            }
+        }
+
+        // precede a subroutine with a return to avoid falling through into the subroutine from code above it
+        val outerScope = subroutine.definingScope
+        val outerStatements = outerScope.statements
+        val subroutineStmtIdx = outerStatements.indexOf(subroutine)
+        if (subroutineStmtIdx > 0) {
+            val prevStmt = outerStatements[subroutineStmtIdx-1]
+            if(outerScope !is Block
+                && (prevStmt !is Jump)
+                && prevStmt !is Subroutine
+                && prevStmt !is Return
+            ) {
+                val returnStmt = Return(null, subroutine.position)
+                mods += IAstModification.InsertAfter(outerStatements[subroutineStmtIdx - 1], returnStmt, outerScope)
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!subroutine.inline || !options.optimize) {
+            if (subroutine.isAsmSubroutine && subroutine.asmAddress==null && subroutine.amountOfRtsInAsm() == 0) {
+                // make sure the NOT INLINED asm subroutine actually has a rts at the end
+                // (non-asm routines get a Return statement as needed, above)
+                mods += IAstModification.InsertLast(InlineAssembly("  rts\n", Position.DUMMY), subroutine)
+            }
+        }
+
+        return mods
+    }
+
+    override fun after(ifElse: IfElse, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val prefixExpr = ifElse.condition as? PrefixExpression
+        if(prefixExpr!=null && prefixExpr.operator=="not") {
+            // if not x -> if x==0
+            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(
+                prefixExpr.expression,
+                "==",
+                NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, ifElse.condition.position),
+                ifElse.condition.position
+            )
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse.condition, booleanExpr, ifElse))
+        }
+
+        val binExpr = ifElse.condition as? BinaryExpression
+        if(binExpr==null || binExpr.operator !in ComparisonOperators) {
+            // if x  ->  if x!=0,    if x+5  ->  if x+5 != 0
+            val booleanExpr = BinaryExpression(
+                ifElse.condition,
+                "!=",
+                NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(0, ifElse.condition.position),
+                ifElse.condition.position
+            )
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(ifElse.condition, booleanExpr, ifElse))
+        }
+
+        if((binExpr.left as? NumericLiteral)?.number==0.0 &&
+            (binExpr.right as? NumericLiteral)?.number!=0.0)
+            throw InternalCompilerException("0==X should have been swapped to if X==0")
+
+        // simplify the conditional expression, introduce simple assignments if required.
+        // NOTE: sometimes this increases code size because additional stores/loads are generated for the
+        //       intermediate variables. We assume these are optimized away from the resulting assembly code later.
+        val simplify = simplifyConditionalExpression(binExpr)
+        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+        if(simplify.rightVarAssignment!=null) {
+            modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.right, simplify.rightOperandReplacement!!, binExpr)
+            modifications += IAstModification.InsertBefore(
+                ifElse,
+                simplify.rightVarAssignment,
+                parent as IStatementContainer
+            )
+        }
+        if(simplify.leftVarAssignment!=null) {
+            modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(binExpr.left, simplify.leftOperandReplacement!!, binExpr)
+            modifications += IAstModification.InsertBefore(
+                ifElse,
+                simplify.leftVarAssignment,
+                parent as IStatementContainer
+            )
+        }
+
+        return modifications
+    }
+
+    private class CondExprSimplificationResult(
+        val leftVarAssignment: Assignment?,
+        val leftOperandReplacement: Expression?,
+        val rightVarAssignment: Assignment?,
+        val rightOperandReplacement: Expression?
+    )
+
+    private fun simplifyConditionalExpression(expr: BinaryExpression): CondExprSimplificationResult {
+
+        // TODO: somehow figure out if the expr will result in stack-evaluation STILL after being split off,
+        //       in that case: do *not* split it off but just keep it as it is (otherwise code size increases)
+        // TODO: this should be replaced by a general expression-evaluation optimization step.
+        //       the actual conditional expression in the statement should be no more than VARIABLE <COMPARISON-OPERATOR> SIMPLE-EXPRESSION
+        // NOTE: do NOT move this to an earler ast transform phase (such as StatementReorderer or StatementOptimizer) - it WILL result in larger code.
+
+        var leftAssignment: Assignment? = null
+        var leftOperandReplacement: Expression? = null
+        var rightAssignment: Assignment? = null
+        var rightOperandReplacement: Expression? = null
+
+        val separateLeftExpr = !expr.left.isSimple && expr.left !is IFunctionCall && expr.left !is ContainmentCheck
+        val separateRightExpr = !expr.right.isSimple && expr.right !is IFunctionCall && expr.right !is ContainmentCheck
+        val leftDt = expr.left.inferType(program)
+        val rightDt = expr.right.inferType(program)
+
+        if(!leftDt.isInteger || !rightDt.isInteger) {
+            // we can't reasonably simplify non-integer expressions
+            return CondExprSimplificationResult(null, null, null, null)
+        }
+
+        if(separateLeftExpr) {
+            val name = getTempRegisterName(leftDt)
+            leftOperandReplacement = IdentifierReference(name, expr.position)
+            leftAssignment = Assignment(
+                AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(name, expr.position), null, null, expr.position),
+                expr.left,
+                AssignmentOrigin.BEFOREASMGEN, expr.position
+            )
+        }
+        if(separateRightExpr) {
+            val (tempVarName, tempVarDecl) = program.getTempVar(rightDt.getOrElse { throw FatalAstException("invalid dt") }, true)
+            variables.addIfUnknown(tempVarDecl.definingBlock, tempVarDecl)
+            rightOperandReplacement = IdentifierReference(tempVarName, expr.position)
+            rightAssignment = Assignment(
+                AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(tempVarName, expr.position), null, null, expr.position),
+                expr.right,
+                AssignmentOrigin.BEFOREASMGEN, expr.position
+            )
+        }
+        return CondExprSimplificationResult(
+            leftAssignment, leftOperandReplacement,
+            rightAssignment, rightOperandReplacement
+        )
+    }
+
+    override fun after(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+
+        val containingStatement = getContainingStatement(arrayIndexedExpression)
+        if(getComplexArrayIndexedExpressions(containingStatement).size > 1) {
+            errors.err("it's not possible to use more than one complex array indexing expression in a single statement; break it up via a temporary variable for instance", containingStatement.position)
+            return noModifications
+        }
+
+
+        val index = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr
+        if(index !is NumericLiteral && index !is IdentifierReference) {
+            // replace complex indexing expression with a temp variable to hold the computed index first
+            return getAutoIndexerVarFor(arrayIndexedExpression)
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    private fun getComplexArrayIndexedExpressions(stmt: Statement): List<ArrayIndexedExpression> {
+
+        class Searcher : IAstVisitor {
+            val complexArrayIndexedExpressions = mutableListOf<ArrayIndexedExpression>()
+            override fun visit(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression) {
+                val ix = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr
+                if(ix !is NumericLiteral && ix !is IdentifierReference)
+                    complexArrayIndexedExpressions.add(arrayIndexedExpression)
+            }
+
+            override fun visit(branch: ConditionalBranch) {}
+
+            override fun visit(forLoop: ForLoop) {}
+
+            override fun visit(ifElse: IfElse) {
+                ifElse.condition.accept(this)
+            }
+
+            override fun visit(untilLoop: UntilLoop) {
+                untilLoop.condition.accept(this)
+            }
+        }
+
+        val searcher = Searcher()
+        stmt.accept(searcher)
+        return searcher.complexArrayIndexedExpressions
+    }
+
+    private fun getContainingStatement(expression: Expression): Statement {
+        var node: Node = expression
+        while(node !is Statement)
+            node = node.parent
+
+        return node
+    }
+
+    private fun getAutoIndexerVarFor(expr: ArrayIndexedExpression): MutableList<IAstModification> {
+        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+        val statement = expr.containingStatement
+        val dt = expr.indexer.indexExpr.inferType(program)
+        val (tempVarName, tempVarDecl) = program.getTempVar(dt.getOrElse { throw FatalAstException("invalid dt") })
+        variables.addIfUnknown(tempVarDecl.definingBlock, tempVarDecl)
+        val target = AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(tempVarName, expr.indexer.position), null, null, expr.indexer.position)
+        val assign = Assignment(target, expr.indexer.indexExpr, AssignmentOrigin.BEFOREASMGEN, expr.indexer.position)
+        modifications.add(IAstModification.InsertBefore(statement, assign, statement.parent as IStatementContainer))
+        modifications.add(
+            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
+                expr.indexer.indexExpr,
+                target.identifier!!.copy(),
+                expr.indexer
+            )
+        )
+        return modifications
+    }
+
+}

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/BeforeAsmTypecastCleaner.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
+
+import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
+import prog8.ast.Node
+import prog8.ast.Program
+import prog8.ast.base.ByteDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.base.DataType
+import prog8.ast.base.PassByReferenceDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.base.WordDatatypes
+import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.statements.BuiltinFunctionCallStatement
+import prog8.ast.statements.FunctionCallStatement
+import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
+
+internal class BeforeAsmTypecastCleaner(val program: Program,
+                                        private val errors: IErrorReporter
+) : AstWalker() {
+
+    override fun after(typecast: TypecastExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        // see if we can remove redundant typecasts (outside of expressions)
+        // such as casting byte<->ubyte,  word<->uword  or even redundant casts (sourcetype = target type).
+        // Also the special typecast of a reference type (str, array) to an UWORD will be changed into address-of,
+        //   UNLESS it's a str parameter in the containing subroutine - then we remove the typecast altogether
+        val sourceDt = typecast.expression.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
+        if (typecast.type in ByteDatatypes && sourceDt in ByteDatatypes
+            || typecast.type in WordDatatypes && sourceDt in WordDatatypes
+        ) {
+            if(typecast.parent !is Expression) {
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(typecast, typecast.expression, parent))
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(typecast.type==sourceDt)
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(typecast, typecast.expression, parent))
+
+        if(sourceDt in PassByReferenceDatatypes) {
+            if(typecast.type== DataType.UWORD) {
+                val identifier = typecast.expression as? IdentifierReference
+                if(identifier!=null) {
+                    return if(identifier.isSubroutineParameter(program)) {
+                        listOf(
+                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
+                                typecast,
+                                typecast.expression,
+                                parent
+                            )
+                        )
+                    } else {
+                        listOf(
+                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
+                                typecast,
+                                AddressOf(identifier, typecast.position),
+                                parent
+                            )
+                        )
+                    }
+                } else if(typecast.expression is IFunctionCall) {
+                    return listOf(
+                        IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
+                            typecast,
+                            typecast.expression,
+                            parent
+                        )
+                    )
+                }
+            } else {
+                errors.err("cannot cast pass-by-reference value to type ${typecast.type} (only to UWORD)", typecast.position)
+            }
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+
+    // also convert calls to builtin functions to BuiltinFunctionCall nodes to make things easier for codegen
+
+    override fun after(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource.size==1
+            && functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource[0] in program.builtinFunctions.names) {
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
+                functionCallStatement,
+                BuiltinFunctionCallStatement(functionCallStatement.target, functionCallStatement.args, functionCallStatement.position),
+                parent
+            ))
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+
+    override fun before(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCallExpr.target.nameInSource.size==1
+            && functionCallExpr.target.nameInSource[0] in program.builtinFunctions.names) {
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
+                functionCallExpr,
+                BuiltinFunctionCall(functionCallExpr.target, functionCallExpr.args, functionCallExpr.position),
+                parent
+            ))
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(bfcs: BuiltinFunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(bfcs.name=="cmp") {
+            // if the datatype of the arguments of cmp() are different, cast the byte one to word.
+            val arg1 = bfcs.args[0]
+            val arg2 = bfcs.args[1]
+            val dt1 = arg1.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
+            val dt2 = arg2.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
+            if(dt1 in ByteDatatypes) {
+                if(dt2 in ByteDatatypes)
+                    return noModifications
+                val (replaced, cast) = arg1.typecastTo(if(dt1== DataType.UBYTE) DataType.UWORD else DataType.WORD, dt1, true)
+                if(replaced)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg1, cast, bfcs))
+            } else {
+                if(dt2 in WordDatatypes)
+                    return noModifications
+                val (replaced, cast) = arg2.typecastTo(if(dt2== DataType.UBYTE) DataType.UWORD else DataType.WORD, dt2, true)
+                if(replaced)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg2, cast, bfcs))
+            }
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+}

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/CodeDesugarer.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
+
+import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
+import prog8.ast.IStatementContainer
+import prog8.ast.Node
+import prog8.ast.Program
+import prog8.ast.base.ParentSentinel
+import prog8.ast.base.Position
+import prog8.ast.expressions.DirectMemoryRead
+import prog8.ast.expressions.FunctionCallExpression
+import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
+import prog8.ast.expressions.PrefixExpression
+import prog8.ast.statements.*
+import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
+
+
+internal class CodeDesugarer(val program: Program, private val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalker() {
+
+    // Some more code shuffling to simplify the Ast that the codegenerator has to process.
+    // Several changes have already been done by the StatementReorderer !
+    // But the ones here are simpler and are repeated once again after all optimization steps
+    // have been performed (because those could re-introduce nodes that have to be desugared)
+    //
+    // List of modifications:
+    // - replace 'break' statements by a goto + generated after label.
+    // - replace while and do-until loops by just jumps.
+    // - replace peek() and poke() by direct memory accesses.
+
+
+    private var generatedLabelSequenceNumber: Int = 0
+    private val generatedLabelPrefix = "prog8_label_"
+
+    private fun makeLabel(postfix: String, position: Position): Label {
+        generatedLabelSequenceNumber++
+        return Label("${generatedLabelPrefix}${generatedLabelSequenceNumber}_$postfix", position)
+    }
+
+    private fun jumpLabel(label: Label): Jump {
+        val ident = IdentifierReference(listOf(label.name), label.position)
+        return Jump(null, ident, null, label.position)
+    }
+
+    override fun before(breakStmt: Break, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        fun jumpAfter(stmt: Statement): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+            val label = makeLabel("after", breakStmt.position)
+            return listOf(
+                IAstModification.ReplaceNode(breakStmt, jumpLabel(label), parent),
+                IAstModification.InsertAfter(stmt, label, stmt.parent as IStatementContainer)
+            )
+        }
+
+        var partof = parent
+        while(true) {
+            when (partof) {
+                is Subroutine, is Block, is ParentSentinel -> {
+                    errors.err("break in wrong scope", breakStmt.position)
+                    return noModifications
+                }
+                is ForLoop,
+                is RepeatLoop,
+                is UntilLoop,
+                is WhileLoop -> return jumpAfter(partof as Statement)
+                else -> partof = partof.parent
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun after(untilLoop: UntilLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        /*
+do { STUFF } until CONDITION
+    ===>
+_loop:
+  STUFF
+if not CONDITION
+   goto _loop
+         */
+        val pos = untilLoop.position
+        val loopLabel = makeLabel("untilloop", pos)
+        val notCondition = PrefixExpression("not", untilLoop.condition, pos)
+        val replacement = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(
+            loopLabel,
+            untilLoop.body,
+            IfElse(notCondition,
+                AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(jumpLabel(loopLabel)), pos),
+                AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), pos),
+                pos)
+        ), pos)
+        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(untilLoop, replacement, parent))
+    }
+
+    override fun after(whileLoop: WhileLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        /*
+while CONDITION { STUFF }
+    ==>
+_whileloop:
+  if NOT CONDITION goto _after
+  STUFF
+  goto _whileloop
+_after:
+         */
+        val pos = whileLoop.position
+        val loopLabel = makeLabel("whileloop", pos)
+        val afterLabel = makeLabel("afterwhile", pos)
+        val notCondition = PrefixExpression("not", whileLoop.condition, pos)
+        val replacement = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(
+            loopLabel,
+            IfElse(notCondition,
+                AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(jumpLabel(afterLabel)), pos),
+                AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), pos),
+                pos),
+            whileLoop.body,
+            jumpLabel(loopLabel),
+            afterLabel
+        ), pos)
+        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(whileLoop, replacement, parent))
+    }
+
+    override fun before(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node) =
+        before(functionCallStatement as IFunctionCall, parent, functionCallStatement.position)
+
+    override fun before(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node) =
+        before(functionCallExpr as IFunctionCall, parent, functionCallExpr.position)
+
+    private fun before(functionCall: IFunctionCall, parent: Node, position: Position): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCall.target.nameInSource==listOf("peek")) {
+            // peek(a) is synonymous with @(a)
+            val memread = DirectMemoryRead(functionCall.args.single(), position)
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCall as Node, memread, parent))
+        }
+        if(functionCall.target.nameInSource==listOf("poke")) {
+            // poke(a, v) is synonymous with @(a) = v
+            val tgt = AssignTarget(null, null, DirectMemoryWrite(functionCall.args[0], position), position)
+            val assign = Assignment(tgt, functionCall.args[1], AssignmentOrigin.OPTIMIZER, position)
+            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(functionCall as Node, assign, parent))
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+}

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/LiteralsToAutoVars.kt

@@ -1,23 +1,43 @@
 package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
 
-import prog8.ast.IStatementContainer
+import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
 import prog8.ast.Node
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.DataType
-import prog8.ast.expressions.ArrayLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.ArrayLiteral
+import prog8.ast.expressions.ContainmentCheck
 import prog8.ast.expressions.IdentifierReference
-import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteralValue
+import prog8.ast.expressions.StringLiteral
 import prog8.ast.statements.VarDecl
 import prog8.ast.statements.WhenChoice
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.compilerinterface.Encoding
+import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
+import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
 
 
-internal class LiteralsToAutoVars(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
+internal class LiteralsToAutoVars(private val program: Program,
+                                  private val target: ICompilationTarget,
+                                  private val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalker() {
 
-    override fun after(string: StringLiteralValue, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(string.parent !is VarDecl && string.parent !is WhenChoice) {
+    override fun after(string: StringLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(string.encoding != Encoding.DEFAULT && string.encoding !in target.supportedEncodings) {
+            errors.err("compilation target doesn't support this text encoding", string.position)
+            return noModifications
+        }
+        if(string.parent !is VarDecl
+            && string.parent !is WhenChoice
+            && (string.parent !is ContainmentCheck || string.value.length>ContainmentCheck.max_inlined_string_length)) {
             // replace the literal string by an identifier reference to the interned string
+
+            val parentFunc = (string.parent as? IFunctionCall)?.target
+            if(parentFunc!=null) {
+                if(parentFunc.nameInSource.size==1 && parentFunc.nameInSource[0]=="memory") {
+                    // memory() builtin function just uses the string as a label name
+                    return noModifications
+                }
+            }
             val scopedName = program.internString(string)
             val identifier = IdentifierReference(scopedName, string.position)
             return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(string, identifier, parent))
@@ -25,29 +45,30 @@ internal class LiteralsToAutoVars(private val program: Program) : AstWalker() {
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(array: ArrayLiteralValue, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    override fun after(array: ArrayLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         val vardecl = array.parent as? VarDecl
         if(vardecl!=null) {
-            // adjust the datatype of the array (to an educated guess)
+            // adjust the datatype of the array (to an educated guess from the vardecl type)
             val arrayDt = array.type
             if(arrayDt isnot vardecl.datatype) {
                 val cast = array.cast(vardecl.datatype)
-                if (cast != null && cast !== array)
+                if(cast!=null && cast !== array)
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(vardecl.value!!, cast, vardecl))
             }
         } else {
+            if(array.parent is ContainmentCheck && array.value.size<ContainmentCheck.max_inlined_string_length)
+                return noModifications
+
             val arrayDt = array.guessDatatype(program)
             if(arrayDt.isKnown) {
-                // this array literal is part of an expression, turn it into an identifier reference
+                // turn the array literal it into an identifier reference
                 val litval2 = array.cast(arrayDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED))
                 if(litval2!=null) {
-                    if(array.parent !is IStatementContainer)
-                        return noModifications
                     val vardecl2 = VarDecl.createAuto(litval2)
                     val identifier = IdentifierReference(listOf(vardecl2.name), vardecl2.position)
                     return listOf(
-                            IAstModification.ReplaceNode(array, identifier, parent),
-                            IAstModification.InsertFirst(vardecl2, array.parent as IStatementContainer)
+                        IAstModification.ReplaceNode(array, identifier, parent),
+                        IAstModification.InsertFirst(vardecl2, array.definingScope)
                     )
                 }
             }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/ParentNodeChecker.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
+
+import prog8.ast.Module
+import prog8.ast.Node
+import prog8.ast.base.FatalAstException
+import prog8.ast.expressions.*
+import prog8.ast.statements.*
+import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+
+
+internal class ParentNodeChecker: AstWalker() {
+
+    override fun before(addressOf: AddressOf, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(addressOf.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $addressOf")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(array: ArrayLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(array.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $array")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(arrayIndexedExpression.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $arrayIndexedExpression")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(assignTarget: AssignTarget, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(assignTarget.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $assignTarget")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(assignment: Assignment, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(assignment.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $assignment")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(block: Block, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(block.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $block")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(branch: ConditionalBranch, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(branch.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $branch")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(breakStmt: Break, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(breakStmt.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $breakStmt")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(decl.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $decl")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(directive: Directive, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(directive.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $directive")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(expr: BinaryExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(expr.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $expr")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(expr: PrefixExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(expr.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $expr")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(forLoop: ForLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(forLoop.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $forLoop")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(repeatLoop: RepeatLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(repeatLoop.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $repeatLoop")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(identifier: IdentifierReference, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(identifier.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $identifier")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(ifElse: IfElse, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(ifElse.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $ifElse")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(inlineAssembly: InlineAssembly, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(inlineAssembly.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $inlineAssembly")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(jump: Jump, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(jump.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $jump")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(gosub: GoSub, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(gosub.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $gosub")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(label: Label, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(label.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $label")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(memread: DirectMemoryRead, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(memread.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $memread")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(memwrite: DirectMemoryWrite, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(memwrite.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $memwrite")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(module: Module, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(module.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $module")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(numLiteral: NumericLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(numLiteral.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $numLiteral")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(postIncrDecr: PostIncrDecr, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(postIncrDecr.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $postIncrDecr")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(range: RangeExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(range.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $range")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(untilLoop: UntilLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(untilLoop.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $untilLoop")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(returnStmt: Return, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(returnStmt.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $returnStmt")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(char: CharLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(char.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $char")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(string: StringLiteral, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(string.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $string")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(subroutine: Subroutine, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(subroutine.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $subroutine")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(typecast: TypecastExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(typecast.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $typecast")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(whenChoice: WhenChoice, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(whenChoice.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $whenChoice")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(whenStmt: When, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(whenStmt.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $whenStmt")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(whileLoop: WhileLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(whileLoop.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $whileLoop")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCallExpr.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $functionCallExpr")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCallStatement.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $functionCallStatement")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun before(scope: AnonymousScope, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(scope.parent!==parent)
+            throw FatalAstException("parent node mismatch at $scope")
+        return noModifications
+    }
+}

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/ReflectionAstWalker.kt

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Too bad, because the code is very small
 //import prog8.ast.Program
 //import prog8.ast.base.Position
 //import prog8.ast.expressions.BinaryExpression
-//import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteralValue
+//import prog8.ast.expressions.NumericLiteral
 //import kotlin.reflect.KClass
 //import kotlin.reflect.KVisibility
 //import kotlin.reflect.full.declaredMemberProperties
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ Too bad, because the code is very small
 //
 //fun main() {
 //    val ast = BinaryExpression(
-//            NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(100, Position.DUMMY),
+//            NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(100, Position.DUMMY),
 //            "+",
-//            NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(200, Position.DUMMY),
+//            NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(200, Position.DUMMY),
 //            Position.DUMMY
 //    )
 //

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/StatementReorderer.kt

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
 import prog8.compilerinterface.BuiltinFunctions
 import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.ICompilationTarget
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
 
-
 internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
                                   val errors: IErrorReporter,
                                   private val options: CompilationOptions) : AstWalker() {
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         val (blocks, other) = module.statements.partition { it is Block }
         module.statements = other.asSequence().plus(blocks.sortedBy { (it as Block).address ?: UInt.MAX_VALUE }).toMutableList()
 
-        val mainBlock = module.statements.filterIsInstance<Block>().firstOrNull { it.name=="main" }
+        val mainBlock = module.statements.asSequence().filterIsInstance<Block>().firstOrNull { it.name=="main" }
         if(mainBlock!=null && mainBlock.address==null) {
             module.statements.remove(mainBlock)
             module.statements.add(0, mainBlock)
@@ -45,44 +45,65 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
     private val declsProcessedWithInitAssignment = mutableSetOf<VarDecl>()
 
     override fun after(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(decl.type == VarDeclType.VAR && decl.datatype in NumericDatatypes) {
-            if(decl !in declsProcessedWithInitAssignment) {
-                declsProcessedWithInitAssignment.add(decl)
-                if (decl.value == null) {
-                    if (!decl.autogeneratedDontRemove && decl.allowInitializeWithZero) {
-                        // A numeric vardecl without an initial value is initialized with zero,
-                        // unless there's already an assignment below it, that initializes the value (or a for loop that uses it as loopvar).
-                        // This allows you to restart the program and have the same starting values of the variables
-                        // So basically consider 'ubyte xx' as a short form for 'ubyte xx; xx=0'
+        if (decl.type == VarDeclType.VAR) {
+            if (decl.datatype in NumericDatatypes) {
+                if(decl !in declsProcessedWithInitAssignment) {
+                    declsProcessedWithInitAssignment.add(decl)
+                    if (decl.value == null) {
+                        if (decl.origin==VarDeclOrigin.USERCODE && decl.allowInitializeWithZero) {
+                            // A numeric vardecl without an initial value is initialized with zero,
+                            // unless there's already an assignment below it, that initializes the value (or a for loop that uses it as loopvar).
+                            // This allows you to restart the program and have the same starting values of the variables
+                            // So basically consider 'ubyte xx' as a short form for 'ubyte xx; xx=0'
+                            decl.value = null
+                            if(decl.name.startsWith("tempvar_") && decl.definingScope.name=="prog8_lib") {
+                                // no need to zero out the special internal temporary variables.
+                                return noModifications
+                            }
+                            if(decl.findInitializer(program)!=null)
+                                return noModifications   // an initializer assignment for a vardecl is already here
+                            val nextFor = decl.nextSibling() as? ForLoop
+                            val hasNextForWithThisLoopvar = nextFor?.loopVar?.nameInSource==listOf(decl.name)
+                            if (!hasNextForWithThisLoopvar) {
+                                // Add assignment to initialize with zero
+                                // Note: for block-level vars, this will introduce assignments in the block scope. These have to be dealt with correctly later.
+                                val identifier = IdentifierReference(listOf(decl.name), decl.position)
+                                val assignzero = Assignment(AssignTarget(identifier, null, null, decl.position), decl.zeroElementValue(), AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT, decl.position)
+                                return listOf(IAstModification.InsertAfter(
+                                    decl, assignzero, parent as IStatementContainer
+                                ))
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // Transform the vardecl with initvalue to a plain vardecl + assignment
+                        // this allows for other optimizations to kick in.
+                        // So basically consider 'ubyte xx=99' as a short form for 'ubyte xx; xx=99'
+                        val pos = decl.value!!.position
+                        val identifier = IdentifierReference(listOf(decl.name), pos)
+                        val assign = Assignment(AssignTarget(identifier, null, null, pos), decl.value!!, AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT, pos)
                         decl.value = null
-                        if(decl.name.startsWith("retval_interm_") && decl.definingScope.name=="prog8_lib") {
-                            // no need to zero out the special internal returnvalue intermediates.
-                            return noModifications
-                        }
-                        val nextStmt  = decl.nextSibling()
-                        val nextFor = nextStmt as? ForLoop
-                        val hasNextForWithThisLoopvar = nextFor?.loopVar?.nameInSource==listOf(decl.name)
-                        if (!hasNextForWithThisLoopvar) {
-                            // Add assignment to initialize with zero
-                            // Note: for block-level vars, this will introduce assignments in the block scope. These have to be dealt with correctly later.
-                            val identifier = IdentifierReference(listOf(decl.name), decl.position)
-                            val assignzero = Assignment(AssignTarget(identifier, null, null, decl.position), decl.zeroElementValue(), decl.position)
-                            return listOf(IAstModification.InsertAfter(
-                                decl, assignzero, parent as IStatementContainer
-                            ))
-                        }
+                        return listOf(IAstModification.InsertAfter(
+                            decl, assign, parent as IStatementContainer
+                        ))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if(decl.datatype in ArrayDatatypes) {
+                // only if the initializer expression is a reference to another array, split it into a separate assignment.
+                // this is so that it later can be changed into a memcopy.
+                // (that code only triggers on regular assignment, not on variable initializers)
+                val ident = decl.value as? IdentifierReference
+                if(ident!=null) {
+                    val target = ident.targetVarDecl(program)
+                    if(target!=null && target.isArray) {
+                        val pos = decl.value!!.position
+                        val identifier = IdentifierReference(listOf(decl.name), pos)
+                        val assign = Assignment(AssignTarget(identifier, null, null, pos), decl.value!!, AssignmentOrigin.VARINIT, pos)
+                        decl.value = null
+                        return listOf(IAstModification.InsertAfter(
+                            decl, assign, parent as IStatementContainer
+                        ))
                     }
-                } else {
-                    // Transform the vardecl with initvalue to a plain vardecl + assignment
-                    // this allows for other optimizations to kick in.
-                    // So basically consider 'ubyte xx=99' as a short form for 'ubyte xx; xx=99'
-                    val pos = decl.value!!.position
-                    val identifier = IdentifierReference(listOf(decl.name), pos)
-                    val assign = Assignment(AssignTarget(identifier, null, null, pos), decl.value!!, pos)
-                    decl.value = null
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.InsertAfter(
-                        decl, assign, parent as IStatementContainer
-                    ))
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -111,7 +132,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
 
     override fun before(subroutine: Subroutine, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         if(subroutine.name=="start" && parent is Block) {
-            if(parent.statements.filterIsInstance<Subroutine>().first().name!="start") {
+            if(parent.statements.asSequence().filterIsInstance<Subroutine>().first().name!="start") {
                 return listOf(
                         IAstModification.Remove(subroutine, parent),
                         IAstModification.InsertFirst(subroutine, parent)
@@ -143,14 +164,24 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
             varsChanges +=
                 if(stringParamsByNames.isNotEmpty()) {
                     subroutine.statements
+                        .asSequence()
                         .filterIsInstance<VarDecl>()
                         .filter { it.subroutineParameter!=null && it.name in stringParamsByNames }
                         .map {
-                            val newvar = VarDecl(it.type, DataType.UWORD, it.zeropage, null, it.name, null, false, true, it.sharedWithAsm, stringParamsByNames.getValue(it.name), it.position)
+                            val newvar = VarDecl(it.type, it.origin, DataType.UWORD,
+                                it.zeropage,
+                                null,
+                                it.name,
+                                null,
+                                false,
+                                it.sharedWithAsm,
+                                stringParamsByNames.getValue(it.name),
+                                it.position
+                            )
                             IAstModification.ReplaceNode(it, newvar, subroutine)
                         }
                 }
-                else emptyList()
+                else emptySequence()
         }
 
         return modifications + parameterChanges + varsChanges
@@ -170,7 +201,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         // ConstValue <associativeoperator> X -->  X <associativeoperator> ConstValue
         // (this should be done by the ExpressionSimplifier when optimizing is enabled,
         //  but the current assembly code generator for IF statements now also depends on it, so we do it here regardless of optimization.)
-        if (expr.left.constValue(program) != null && expr.operator in associativeOperators && expr.right.constValue(program) == null)
+        if (expr.left.constValue(program) != null && expr.operator in AssociativeOperators && expr.right.constValue(program) == null)
             return listOf(IAstModification.SwapOperands(expr))
 
         // when using a simple bit shift and assigning it to a variable of a different type,
@@ -203,7 +234,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
                                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.left, cast, expr))
                             }
                         }
-                        is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder -> {
+                        is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder -> {
                             val func = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(callee.name)
                             val paramTypes = func.parameters[argnum].possibleDatatypes
                             for(type in paramTypes) {
@@ -220,18 +251,18 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
                 else -> return noModifications
             }
         }
-        else if(expr.operator in logicalOperators) {
+        else if(expr.operator in LogicalOperators) {
             // make sure that logical expressions like "var and other-logical-expression
             // is rewritten as "var!=0 and other-logical-expression", to avoid bitwise boolean and
             // generating the wrong results later
 
             fun wrapped(expr: Expression): Expression =
-                BinaryExpression(expr, "!=", NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position), expr.position)
+                BinaryExpression(expr, "!=", NumericLiteral(DataType.UBYTE, 0.0, expr.position), expr.position)
 
             fun isLogicalExpr(expr: Expression?): Boolean {
-                if(expr is BinaryExpression && expr.operator in (logicalOperators + comparisonOperators))
+                if(expr is BinaryExpression && expr.operator in (LogicalOperators + ComparisonOperators))
                     return true
-                if(expr is PrefixExpression && expr.operator in logicalOperators)
+                if(expr is PrefixExpression && expr.operator in LogicalOperators)
                     return true
                 return false
             }
@@ -255,19 +286,19 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    override fun after(whenStatement: WhenStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        val lastChoiceValues = whenStatement.choices.lastOrNull()?.values
+    override fun after(whenStmt: When, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        val lastChoiceValues = whenStmt.choices.lastOrNull()?.values
         if(lastChoiceValues?.isNotEmpty()==true) {
-            val elseChoice = whenStatement.choices.indexOfFirst { it.values==null || it.values?.isEmpty()==true }
+            val elseChoice = whenStmt.choices.indexOfFirst { it.values==null || it.values?.isEmpty()==true }
             if(elseChoice>=0)
-                errors.err("else choice must be the last one", whenStatement.choices[elseChoice].position)
+                errors.err("else choice must be the last one", whenStmt.choices[elseChoice].position)
         }
 
-        val choices = whenStatement.choiceValues(program).sortedBy {
+        val choices = whenStmt.choiceValues(program).sortedBy {
             it.first?.first() ?: Int.MAX_VALUE
         }
-        whenStatement.choices.clear()
-        choices.mapTo(whenStatement.choices) { it.second }
+        whenStmt.choices.clear()
+        choices.mapTo(whenStmt.choices) { it.second }
         return noModifications
     }
 
@@ -276,7 +307,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         val targetType = assignment.target.inferType(program)
 
         if(targetType.isArray && valueType.isArray) {
-            if (assignment.value is ArrayLiteralValue) {
+            if (assignment.value is ArrayLiteral) {
                 errors.err("cannot assign array literal here, use separate assignment per element", assignment.position)
             } else {
                 return copyArrayValue(assignment)
@@ -295,7 +326,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
                 return noModifications
             }
 
-            if(binExpr.operator in associativeOperators) {
+            if(binExpr.operator in AssociativeOperators) {
                 if (binExpr.right isSameAs assignment.target) {
                     // A = v <associative-operator> A  ==>  A = A <associative-operator> v
                     return listOf(IAstModification.SwapOperands(binExpr))
@@ -339,8 +370,10 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         val identifier = assign.target.identifier!!
         val targetVar = identifier.targetVarDecl(program)!!
 
-        if(targetVar.arraysize==null)
+        if(targetVar.arraysize==null) {
             errors.err("array has no defined size", assign.position)
+            return noModifications
+        }
 
         if(assign.value !is IdentifierReference) {
             errors.err("invalid array value to assign to other array", assign.value.position)
@@ -360,11 +393,13 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         if(!errors.noErrors())
             return noModifications
 
+        val numelements = targetVar.arraysize!!.constIndex()!!
+        val eltsize = program.memsizer.memorySize(ArrayToElementTypes.getValue(sourceVar.datatype))
         val memcopy = FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("sys", "memcopy"), assign.position),
             mutableListOf(
                 AddressOf(sourceIdent, assign.position),
                 AddressOf(identifier, assign.position),
-                NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(targetVar.arraysize!!.constIndex()!!, assign.position)
+                NumericLiteral.optimalInteger(numelements*eltsize, assign.position)
             ),
             true,
             assign.position
@@ -375,86 +410,100 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
     override fun after(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         val function = functionCallStatement.target.targetStatement(program)!!
         checkUnusedReturnValues(functionCallStatement, function, program, errors)
-        if(function is Subroutine) {
-            if(function.inline)
-                return noModifications
-            return if(function.isAsmSubroutine)
-                replaceCallAsmSubStatementWithGosub(function, functionCallStatement, parent)
-            else
-                replaceCallSubStatementWithGosub(function, functionCallStatement, parent)
-        }
-        return noModifications
+        return tryReplaceCallWithGosub(functionCallStatement, parent, program, options)
+    }
+}
+
+
+internal fun tryReplaceCallWithGosub(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement,
+                                     parent: Node,
+                                     program: Program,
+                                     options: CompilationOptions): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    val callee = functionCallStatement.target.targetStatement(program)!!
+    if(callee is Subroutine) {
+        if(callee.inline)
+            return emptyList()
+        return if(callee.isAsmSubroutine)
+            tryReplaceCallAsmSubWithGosub(functionCallStatement, parent, callee, options.compTarget)
+        else
+            tryReplaceCallNormalSubWithGosub(functionCallStatement, parent, callee, program)
+    }
+    return emptyList()
+}
+
+private fun tryReplaceCallNormalSubWithGosub(call: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node, callee: Subroutine, program: Program): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    val noModifications = emptyList<IAstModification>()
+
+    if(callee.parameters.isEmpty()) {
+        // 0 params -> just GoSub
+        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position), parent))
     }
 
-    private fun replaceCallSubStatementWithGosub(function: Subroutine, call: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(function.parameters.isEmpty()) {
-            // 0 params -> just GoSub
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position), parent))
+    if(callee.parameters.size==1) {
+        if(callee.parameters[0].type in IntegerDatatypes) {
+            // optimization: 1 integer param is passed via register(s) directly, not by assignment to param variable
+            return noModifications
         }
-
-        val assignParams =
-            function.parameters.zip(call.args).map {
-                var argumentValue = it.second
-                val paramIdentifier = IdentifierReference(function.scopedName + it.first.name, argumentValue.position)
-                val argDt = argumentValue.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw FatalAstException("invalid dt") }
-                if(argDt in ArrayDatatypes) {
-                    // pass the address of the array instead
-                    if(argumentValue is IdentifierReference)
-                        argumentValue = AddressOf(argumentValue, argumentValue.position)
-                }
-                Assignment(AssignTarget(paramIdentifier, null, null, argumentValue.position), argumentValue, argumentValue.position)
-            }
-        val scope = AnonymousScope(assignParams.toMutableList(), call.position)
-        scope.statements += GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position)
-        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, scope, parent))
     }
-
-    private fun replaceCallAsmSubStatementWithGosub(function: Subroutine, call: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        if(function.parameters.isEmpty()) {
-            // 0 params -> just GoSub
-            val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), call.position)
-            if(function.shouldSaveX()) {
-                scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rsavex"), call.position), mutableListOf(), true, call.position)
-            }
-            scope.statements += GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position)
-            if(function.shouldSaveX()) {
-                scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rrestorex"), call.position), mutableListOf(), true, call.position)
-            }
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, scope, parent))
-        } else if(!options.compTarget.asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(call.args, function.asmParameterRegisters)) {
-            // No register clobber risk, let the asmgen assign values to the registers directly.
-            // this is more efficient than first evaluating them to the stack.
-            // As complex expressions will be flagged as a clobber-risk, these will be simplified below.
+    else if(callee.parameters.size==2) {
+        if(callee.parameters[0].type in ByteDatatypes && callee.parameters[1].type in ByteDatatypes) {
+            // optimization: 2 simple byte param is passed via 2 registers directly, not by assignment to param variables
             return noModifications
-        } else {
-            // clobber risk; evaluate the arguments on the CPU stack first (in reverse order)...
-            if (options.slowCodegenWarnings)
-                errors.warn("slow argument passing used to avoid register clobbering", call.position)
-            val argOrder = options.compTarget.asmsubArgsEvalOrder(function)
-            val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), call.position)
-            if(function.shouldSaveX()) {
-                scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rsavex"), call.position), mutableListOf(), true, call.position)
-            }
-            argOrder.reversed().forEach {
-                val arg = call.args[it]
-                val param = function.parameters[it]
-                scope.statements += pushCall(arg, param.type, arg.position)
-            }
-            // ... and pop them off again into the registers.
-            argOrder.forEach {
-                val param = function.parameters[it]
-                val targetName = function.scopedName + param.name
-                scope.statements += popCall(targetName, param.type, call.position)
-            }
-            scope.statements += GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position)
-            if(function.shouldSaveX()) {
-                scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rrestorex"), call.position), mutableListOf(), true, call.position)
-            }
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, scope, parent))
         }
     }
 
-    private fun popCall(targetName: List<String>, dt: DataType, position: Position): FunctionCallStatement {
+    val assignParams =
+        callee.parameters.zip(call.args).map {
+            var argumentValue = it.second
+            val paramIdentifier = IdentifierReference(callee.scopedName + it.first.name, argumentValue.position)
+            val argDt = argumentValue.inferType(program).getOrElse { throw FatalAstException("invalid dt") }
+            if(argDt in ArrayDatatypes) {
+                // pass the address of the array instead
+                if(argumentValue is IdentifierReference)
+                    argumentValue = AddressOf(argumentValue, argumentValue.position)
+            }
+            Assignment(AssignTarget(paramIdentifier, null, null, argumentValue.position), argumentValue, AssignmentOrigin.PARAMETERASSIGN, argumentValue.position)
+        }
+    val scope = AnonymousScope(assignParams.toMutableList(), call.position)
+    scope.statements += GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position)
+    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, scope, parent))
+}
+
+private fun tryReplaceCallAsmSubWithGosub(call: FunctionCallStatement,
+                                          parent: Node,
+                                          callee: Subroutine,
+                                          compTarget: ICompilationTarget): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+    val noModifications = emptyList<IAstModification>()
+
+    if(callee.parameters.isEmpty()) {
+        // 0 params -> just GoSub
+        val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), call.position)
+        if(callee.shouldSaveX()) {
+            scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rsavex"), call.position), mutableListOf(), true, call.position)
+        }
+        scope.statements += GoSub(null, call.target, null, call.position)
+        if(callee.shouldSaveX()) {
+            scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rrestorex"), call.position), mutableListOf(), true, call.position)
+        }
+        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call, scope, parent))
+    } else if(!compTarget.asmsubArgsHaveRegisterClobberRisk(call.args, callee.asmParameterRegisters)) {
+        // No register clobber risk, let the asmgen assign values to the registers directly.
+        // this is more efficient than first evaluating them to the stack.
+        // As complex expressions will be flagged as a clobber-risk, these will be simplified below.
+        return noModifications
+    } else {
+        // clobber risk; evaluate the arguments on the CPU stack first (in reverse order)...
+        return makeGosubWithArgsViaCpuStack(call, call.position, parent, callee, compTarget)
+    }
+}
+
+private fun makeGosubWithArgsViaCpuStack(call: IFunctionCall,
+                                         position: Position,
+                                         parent: Node,
+                                         callee: Subroutine,
+                                         compTarget: ICompilationTarget): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+
+    fun popCall(targetName: List<String>, dt: DataType, position: Position): FunctionCallStatement {
         return FunctionCallStatement(
             IdentifierReference(listOf(if(dt in ByteDatatypes) "pop" else "popw"), position),
             mutableListOf(IdentifierReference(targetName, position)),
@@ -462,7 +511,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         )
     }
 
-    private fun pushCall(value: Expression, dt: DataType, position: Position): FunctionCallStatement {
+    fun pushCall(value: Expression, dt: DataType, position: Position): FunctionCallStatement {
         val pushvalue = when(dt) {
             DataType.UBYTE, DataType.UWORD -> value
             in PassByReferenceDatatypes -> value
@@ -478,4 +527,25 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program,
         )
     }
 
+    val argOrder = compTarget.asmsubArgsEvalOrder(callee)
+    val scope = AnonymousScope(mutableListOf(), position)
+    if(callee.shouldSaveX()) {
+        scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rsavex"), position), mutableListOf(), true, position)
+    }
+    argOrder.reversed().forEach {
+        val arg = call.args[it]
+        val param = callee.parameters[it]
+        scope.statements += pushCall(arg, param.type, arg.position)
+    }
+    // ... and pop them off again into the registers.
+    argOrder.forEach {
+        val param = callee.parameters[it]
+        val targetName = callee.scopedName + param.name
+        scope.statements += popCall(targetName, param.type, position)
+    }
+    scope.statements += GoSub(null, call.target, null, position)
+    if(callee.shouldSaveX()) {
+        scope.statements += FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("rrestorex"), position), mutableListOf(), true, position)
+    }
+    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(call as Node, scope, parent))
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/TypecastsAdder.kt

@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
 import prog8.compilerinterface.BuiltinFunctions
+import prog8.compilerinterface.CompilationOptions
 import prog8.compilerinterface.IErrorReporter
 
 
-class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalker() {
+class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val options: CompilationOptions, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalker() {
     /*
      * Make sure any value assignments get the proper type casts if needed to cast them into the target variable's type.
      * (this includes function call arguments)
@@ -32,11 +33,9 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
                 if(valueDt isNotAssignableTo decl.datatype)
                     return noModifications
 
-                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                        declValue,
-                        TypecastExpression(declValue, decl.datatype, true, declValue.position),
-                        decl
-                ))
+                val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+                addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, declValue, decl.datatype, decl)
+                return modifications
             }
         }
         return noModifications
@@ -48,13 +47,13 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
         if(leftDt.isKnown && rightDt.isKnown && leftDt!=rightDt) {
 
             // convert a negative operand for bitwise operator to the 2's complement positive number instead
-            if(expr.operator in bitwiseOperators && leftDt.isInteger && rightDt.isInteger) {
+            if(expr.operator in BitwiseOperators && leftDt.isInteger && rightDt.isInteger) {
                 val leftCv = expr.left.constValue(program)
                 if(leftCv!=null && leftCv.number<0) {
                     val value = if(rightDt.isBytes) 256+leftCv.number else 65536+leftCv.number
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
                         expr.left,
-                        NumericLiteralValue(rightDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), value, expr.left.position),
+                        NumericLiteral(rightDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), value, expr.left.position),
                         expr))
                 }
                 val rightCv = expr.right.constValue(program)
@@ -62,21 +61,43 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
                     val value = if(leftDt.isBytes) 256+rightCv.number else 65536+rightCv.number
                     return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
                         expr.right,
-                        NumericLiteralValue(leftDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), value, expr.right.position),
+                        NumericLiteral(leftDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), value, expr.right.position),
                         expr))
                 }
+
+                if(leftDt istype DataType.BYTE && rightDt.oneOf(DataType.UBYTE, DataType.UWORD)) {
+                    // cast left to unsigned
+                    val cast = TypecastExpression(expr.left, rightDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), true, expr.left.position)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.left, cast, expr))
+                }
+                if(leftDt istype DataType.WORD && rightDt.oneOf(DataType.UBYTE, DataType.UWORD)) {
+                    // cast left to unsigned
+                    val cast = TypecastExpression(expr.left, rightDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), true, expr.left.position)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.left, cast, expr))
+                }
+                if(rightDt istype DataType.BYTE && leftDt.oneOf(DataType.UBYTE, DataType.UWORD)) {
+                    // cast right to unsigned
+                    val cast = TypecastExpression(expr.right, leftDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), true, expr.right.position)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, cast, expr))
+                }
+                if(rightDt istype DataType.WORD && leftDt.oneOf(DataType.UBYTE, DataType.UWORD)) {
+                    // cast right to unsigned
+                    val cast = TypecastExpression(expr.right, leftDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), true, expr.right.position)
+                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.right, cast, expr))
+                }
             }
 
+
             // determine common datatype and add typecast as required to make left and right equal types
-            val (commonDt, toFix) = BinaryExpression.commonDatatype(leftDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), rightDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), expr.left, expr.operator, expr.right)
+            val (commonDt, toFix) = BinaryExpression.commonDatatype(leftDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), rightDt.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED), expr.left, expr.right)
             if(toFix!=null) {
-                return when {
-                    toFix===expr.left -> listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            expr.left, TypecastExpression(expr.left, commonDt, true, expr.left.position), expr))
-                    toFix===expr.right -> listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            expr.right, TypecastExpression(expr.right, commonDt, true, expr.right.position), expr))
+                val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+                when {
+                    toFix===expr.left -> addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, expr.left, commonDt, expr)
+                    toFix===expr.right -> addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, expr.right, commonDt, expr)
                     else -> throw FatalAstException("confused binary expression side")
                 }
+                return modifications
             }
         }
         return noModifications
@@ -94,12 +115,11 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
                     if(valuetype in IterableDatatypes && targettype==DataType.UWORD)
                         // special case, don't typecast STR/arrays to UWORD, we support those assignments "directly"
                         return noModifications
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            assignment.value,
-                            TypecastExpression(assignment.value, targettype, true, assignment.value.position),
-                            assignment))
+                    val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+                    addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, assignment.value, targettype, assignment)
+                    return modifications
                 } else {
-                    fun castLiteral(cvalue2: NumericLiteralValue): List<IAstModification.ReplaceNode> {
+                    fun castLiteral(cvalue2: NumericLiteral): List<IAstModification.ReplaceNode> {
                         val cast = cvalue2.cast(targettype)
                         return if(cast.isValid)
                             listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(assignment.value, cast.valueOrZero(), assignment))
@@ -134,8 +154,8 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
         return afterFunctionCallArgs(functionCallStatement)
     }
 
-    override fun after(functionCall: FunctionCall, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
-        return afterFunctionCallArgs(functionCall)
+    override fun after(functionCallExpr: FunctionCallExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        return afterFunctionCallArgs(functionCallExpr)
     }
 
     private fun afterFunctionCallArgs(call: IFunctionCall): Iterable<IAstModification> {
@@ -144,34 +164,31 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
 
         when(val sub = call.target.targetStatement(program)) {
             is Subroutine -> {
-                sub.parameters.zip(call.args).forEachIndexed { index, pair ->
-                    val argItype = pair.second.inferType(program)
+                sub.parameters.zip(call.args).forEach { (param, arg) ->
+                    val argItype = arg.inferType(program)
                     if(argItype.isKnown) {
                         val argtype = argItype.getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
-                        val requiredType = pair.first.type
+                        val requiredType = param.type
                         if (requiredType != argtype) {
                             if (argtype isAssignableTo requiredType) {
                                 // don't need a cast for pass-by-reference types that are assigned to UWORD
                                 if(requiredType!=DataType.UWORD || argtype !in PassByReferenceDatatypes)
-                                    modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                                            call.args[index],
-                                            TypecastExpression(pair.second, requiredType, true, pair.second.position),
-                                            call as Node)
+                                    addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, arg, requiredType, call as Node)
                             } else if(requiredType == DataType.UWORD && argtype in PassByReferenceDatatypes) {
                                 // We allow STR/ARRAY values in place of UWORD parameters.
                                 // Take their address instead, UNLESS it's a str parameter in the containing subroutine
-                                val identifier = pair.second as? IdentifierReference
+                                val identifier = arg as? IdentifierReference
                                 if(identifier?.isSubroutineParameter(program)==false) {
                                     modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                                            call.args[index],
-                                            AddressOf(identifier, pair.second.position),
+                                            identifier,
+                                            AddressOf(identifier, arg.position),
                                             call as Node)
                                 }
-                            } else if(pair.second is NumericLiteralValue) {
-                                val cast = (pair.second as NumericLiteralValue).cast(requiredType)
+                            } else if(arg is NumericLiteral) {
+                                val cast = arg.cast(requiredType)
                                 if(cast.isValid)
                                     modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                                            call.args[index],
+                                            arg,
                                             cast.valueOrZero(),
                                             call as Node)
                             }
@@ -179,7 +196,7 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
                     }
                 }
             }
-            is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder -> {
+            is BuiltinFunctionPlaceholder -> {
                 val func = BuiltinFunctions.getValue(sub.name)
                 func.parameters.zip(call.args).forEachIndexed { index, pair ->
                     val argItype = pair.second.inferType(program)
@@ -188,10 +205,7 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
                         if (pair.first.possibleDatatypes.all { argtype != it }) {
                             for (possibleType in pair.first.possibleDatatypes) {
                                 if (argtype isAssignableTo possibleType) {
-                                    modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                                            call.args[index],
-                                            TypecastExpression(pair.second, possibleType, true, pair.second.position),
-                                            call as Node)
+                                    addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, pair.second, possibleType, call as Node)
                                     break
                                 }
                                 else if(DataType.UWORD in pair.first.possibleDatatypes && argtype in PassByReferenceDatatypes) {
@@ -220,31 +234,41 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
     override fun after(typecast: TypecastExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // warn about any implicit type casts to Float, because that may not be intended
         if(typecast.implicit && typecast.type.oneOf(DataType.FLOAT, DataType.ARRAY_F)) {
-            errors.warn("integer implicitly converted to float. Suggestion: use float literals, add an explicit cast, or revert to integer arithmetic", typecast.position)
+            if(options.floats)
+                errors.warn("integer implicitly converted to float. Suggestion: use float literals, add an explicit cast, or revert to integer arithmetic", typecast.position)
+            else
+                errors.err("integer implicitly converted to float but floating point is not enabled via options", typecast.position)
         }
+
         return noModifications
     }
 
     override fun after(memread: DirectMemoryRead, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // make sure the memory address is an uword
+        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
         val dt = memread.addressExpression.inferType(program)
         if(dt.isKnown && dt.getOr(DataType.UWORD)!=DataType.UWORD) {
-            val typecast = (memread.addressExpression as? NumericLiteralValue)?.cast(DataType.UWORD)?.valueOrZero()
-                    ?: TypecastExpression(memread.addressExpression, DataType.UWORD, true, memread.addressExpression.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(memread.addressExpression, typecast, memread))
+            val castedValue = (memread.addressExpression as? NumericLiteral)?.cast(DataType.UWORD)?.valueOrZero()
+            if(castedValue!=null)
+                modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(memread.addressExpression, castedValue, memread)
+            else
+                addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, memread.addressExpression, DataType.UWORD, memread)
         }
-        return noModifications
+        return modifications
     }
 
     override fun after(memwrite: DirectMemoryWrite, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // make sure the memory address is an uword
+        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
         val dt = memwrite.addressExpression.inferType(program)
         if(dt.isKnown && dt.getOr(DataType.UWORD)!=DataType.UWORD) {
-            val typecast = (memwrite.addressExpression as? NumericLiteralValue)?.cast(DataType.UWORD)?.valueOrZero()
-                    ?: TypecastExpression(memwrite.addressExpression, DataType.UWORD, true, memwrite.addressExpression.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(memwrite.addressExpression, typecast, memwrite))
+            val castedValue = (memwrite.addressExpression as? NumericLiteral)?.cast(DataType.UWORD)?.valueOrZero()
+            if(castedValue!=null)
+                modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(memwrite.addressExpression, castedValue, memwrite)
+            else
+                addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, memwrite.addressExpression, DataType.UWORD, memwrite)
         }
-        return noModifications
+        return modifications
     }
 
     override fun after(returnStmt: Return, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
@@ -256,18 +280,37 @@ class TypecastsAdder(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReporter) : AstWalk
                 val subReturnType = subroutine.returntypes.first()
                 if (returnValue.inferType(program) istype subReturnType)
                     return noModifications
-                if (returnValue is NumericLiteralValue) {
+                if (returnValue is NumericLiteral) {
                     val cast = returnValue.cast(subroutine.returntypes.single())
                     if(cast.isValid)
                         returnStmt.value = cast.valueOrZero()
                 } else {
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(
-                            returnValue,
-                            TypecastExpression(returnValue, subReturnType, true, returnValue.position),
-                            returnStmt))
+                    val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+                    addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(modifications, returnValue, subReturnType, returnStmt)
+                    return modifications
                 }
             }
         }
         return noModifications
     }
+
+    private fun addTypecastOrCastedValueModification(
+        modifications: MutableList<IAstModification>,
+        expressionToCast: Expression,
+        requiredType: DataType,
+        parent: Node
+    ) {
+        val sourceDt = expressionToCast.inferType(program).getOr(DataType.UNDEFINED)
+        if(sourceDt == requiredType)
+            return
+        if(expressionToCast is NumericLiteral && expressionToCast.type!=DataType.FLOAT) { // refuse to automatically truncate floats
+            val castedValue = expressionToCast.cast(requiredType)
+            if (castedValue.isValid) {
+                modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expressionToCast, castedValue.valueOrZero(), parent)
+                return
+            }
+        }
+        val cast = TypecastExpression(expressionToCast, requiredType, true, expressionToCast.position)
+        modifications += IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expressionToCast, cast, parent)
+    }
 }